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Biomedical subjects

M Slater

Publications and source records attributed to M Slater.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparison of species and numbers of bacteria in concurrently cultured samples of proximal small intestinal fluid and endoscopically obtained duodenal mucosa in dogs with intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

Concurrent bacterial culturing of duodenal/proximal jejunal fluid and duodenal mucosa was performed on 2 occasions in each of 16 IgA-deficient German Shepherd Dogs with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. The interval between sample collections in each dog was 74 to 78 days. Species of bacteria and numbers of bacterial colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter of fluid were compared with species and numbers found in the concurrent duodenal mucosa sample. There was inconsistent correlation for number of CFU and minimal correlation for species of bacteria isolated from the 2 sites. Fewer bacterial CFU usually were isolated from the mucosa than from the concurrent fluid sample. When the same numeric criteria used for diagnosing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in samples of intestinal fluid (ie, > or = 10(5) bacterial or > or = 10(4) anaerobic CFU/ml) were used to interpret results of culturing duodenal mucosa, quantitations of bacterial CFU in duodenal mucosa was found to be a specific, but insensitive test.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A clinical audit of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

The structure, process and outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at one hospital have been reviewed to determine where failings in the system could be improved, whether the existing training programme was adequate and well directed, and whether survival rates were reasonable. In the first seven months 143 reports were received; 49% of them were cardiac, 17% respiratory, and 24% mixed cardiorespiratory arrests. Overall, immediate survival was 43% of those with cardiorespiratory arrests. Seventy per cent of the immediate survivors were alive at 24 hours, and 69% of them survived to six weeks or beyond. The most important indicator for a successful outcome was the heart rhythm at the time of the resuscitation team's arrival, with 71% surviving from ventricular fibrillation, 20% surviving from apparent asystole, and only 9% surviving from electromechanical dissociation. No patient with the latter two rhythms survived to six weeks or left hospital. Neither the location or time of the arrest, nor the patient's age influenced the immediate survival. The audit revealed a need to improve telephone connections to the hospital switchboard, modify some equipment, and improve knowledge of the geography of the hospital site. Changes in emphasis in the training programme will alter the process of resuscitation. Outcome measures indicate that survival figures are comparable with published data, including recent data which act as a benchmark for quality control.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMed1992

French Dental Association Conference.

Paris was invaded twice by dentists during November 1991! On November 17, dentists were at the head of 400,000 health professionals demonstrating against Government proposals for changes in the health system. They feel that changes would result in loss of freedom of choice for the patient, and would threaten the autonomy of the independent health professions. Many of the same dentists returned to the capital on November 27, for the most important dental continuing education meeting of the year, the twentieth ADF Conference.

Computers↗
PubMed1991

Plurihormonality in the secretory granules of the normal human pituitary. An immunoelectron microscopic study.

Normal human autopsy anterior pituitary tissue from 5 cases was embedded in LR White resin and immunolabelled using silver-enhanced 5-nm protein A gold probes. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) were immunolocalised to the level of secretory granule. A two-sided double-labelling method was used to cross-react two hormones at a time with respect to their corresponding antibodies. All possible combinations of the six pituitary hormones were tested. Plurihormonal granules were found that contained LH + FSH, LH + TSH, and FSH + TSH. Each hormone was also found in monohormonal granules. Granule diameter was significantly larger in the pluri as opposed to monohormonal granules.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

A program to prepare minority students for careers in medicine, science, and other high-level professions.

The Gateway to Higher Education program is a comprehensive four-year high school program with specially designed enrichments and supports. Its principal goal is to increase the number of minority students who will be prepared to enter training for high-level professional careers, especially in medicine and science. The program was established in September 1986 to demonstrate that minority students who perform at least at grade level can begin a rigorous curriculum in the ninth grade and achieve outstanding results, provided that the necessary support systems are in place. For 1990-91, 750 students are enrolled in Gateway programs at five New York City public high schools, and the first 119 students graduated in June 1990. The graduates have demonstrated significant achievement compared with that of their peers, as measured by standardized tests and the graduates' participation in research mentorships and college acceptances. In order to expand on its initial success, the program has increased its scope of activity to include over 400 students at the junior high school level.

Achievement↗
PubMed1991

Immunoelectron microscopic localization of fibronectin and complement to 'dense bodies' in Bowman's capsule and the glomerular basement membrane in membranous nephropathy.

This study describes dense bodies seen in Bowman's capsule and the glomerular basement membrane in biopsies of membranous glomerulonephritis. Within these bodies, silver-enhanced immunogold labelling demonstrated the presence of fibronectin and the complement component C3b. These results suggests that dense bodies may play a role in opsonization and the immune process in membranous glomerulonephritis.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1991

A method for the examination of the same cell using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy.

A method is described for preparing the same cell from a cytospin preparation for comparative investigation by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. A permanent numbered grid pattern was etched on a glass microscope slide to facilitate cell location in each microscopic mode. Data from one cell or group of cells was thus obtained from three sources. This method provides a useful adjunct to routine cytological diagnosis.

Cells↗
PubMed1991

Differential silver enhanced double labeling in immunoelectron microscopy.

A two-sided double labeling method using protein A gold was used to demonstrate the presence of two hormones within the same anterior pituitary cell granule. A single probe size was used for both section faces but one side of the grid was silver enhanced. The use of a single probe size reduced the cost of the study and eliminated the variations in labeling efficiency that result from the use of different probe sizes.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone↗
PubMed1991

Effect of colostrum ingestion on gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in neonatal pups.

Analysis of hepatic enzyme activities in serum samples from 1- to 3-day-old pups revealed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities that were 30 times higher and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities that were 100 times higher than activities in clinically normal adult dogs. A study was conducted to investigate high enzyme activity in pups and to determine whether there is any association between serum enzyme activity and colostrum ingestion, passive transfer of maternal serum enzyme (in colostrum or in utero), or excessive renal or hepatic tissue enzymes. Serum enzyme activity was quantified in 15 neonatal pups before and after ingestion of colostrum and in 3 colostrum-deprived neonates fed a milk substitute. Serum samples were collected on postpartum days 0, 1, 10, 15, and 30. Enzyme activity was also quantified in serum from pregnant and lactating bitches (collected on days -2, 0, 1, 10, 30), hepatic and renal tissue from clinically normal adult dogs and 1-day-old pups, colostrum, milk (collected on days 10 and 30), and milk replacer. Significant (P less than 0.01) differences in serum GGT and ALP activities between colostrum-deprived and suckling pups did not exist before initial feeding. Significant (P less than 0.001) increases in serum GGT and ALP activities developed within 24 hours in suckling pups, but not in the colostrum-deprived pups. At 10 and 30 days after birth, serum GGT and ALP activities were less than values before suckling in all pups. Enzyme activities in bitches' serum remained within the normal range for adult dogs throughout whelping and lactation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1990

AIDS and children.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

The identifier concept: clinical variables to manage costs for surgical patients.

Previous studies at Long Island Jewish Medical Center had shown that certain clinical variables (identifiers) would differentiate hospital charges within surgical diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). This current project demonstrated that the clinical variables of mode of admission (emergency versus nonemergency), blood transfusion, and surgical intensive care unit admission could stratify both differences in severity of illness and charges for patients in general surgical DRGs. These findings suggest that these three identifiers may be useful to physicians and hospital administrators in evaluating surgical patients for differences in resource consumption during their hospitalization, for better management of hospital-based inpatient costs.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1986

The S. cerevisiae structural gene for chitin synthase is not required for chitin synthesis in vivo.

The chitin synthase of Saccharomyces is a plasma membrane-bound zymogen. Following proteolytic activation, the enzyme synthesizes insoluble chitin that has chain length and other physical properties similar to chitin found in bud scars. We isolated mutants lacking chitin synthase activity (chs1) and used these to clone CHS1. The gene has an open reading frame of 3400 bases and encodes a protein of 130 kd. The fission yeast S. pombe lacks chitin synthase and chitin. When a plasmid encoding a CHS1-lacZ fusion protein is introduced into S. pombe, both enzymatic activities are expressed in the same ratio as in S. cerevisiae, demonstrating that CHS1 encodes the structural gene of chitin synthase. Three CHS1 gene disruption experiments were performed. In all cases, strains with the disrupted gene have a recognizable phenotype, lack measurable chitin synthase activity in vitro but are viable, contain normal levels of chitin in vivo, and mate and sporulate efficiently.

Amino Acid Sequence↗