Biomedical subjects
M Skinner
Publications and source records attributed to M Skinner.
Exhibition at the Science Museum.
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In vitro lymphocyte stimulation by a soluble antigen from malignant melanoma.
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Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease.
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Entero-arthropathy: the coexistence of articular and gastrointestinal manifestations in systemic disease.
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P-component of amyloid. Isolation from human serum by affinity chromatography.
Human amyloid P-component was isolated from plasma by affinity chromatography utilizing antiserum to tissue P-component coupled to Sepharose 4B. Characterization and comparison of the isolated P-component proteins from tissue and plasma demonstrated immunologic identity and identical RF values of polyacrylamide disk gel electrophoresis. Amino acid analyses of P-components from two individual plasmas were comparable, but some variations from tissue P-component were noted. Attempts to perform amino acid sequencing on the plasma protein were unsuccessful. Electron microscopic studies revealed that the plasma P-component had a pentagonal ultrastructure identical to the tissue P-component. These studies compared similarities of tissue and plasma P-components and revealed the unique pentagonal ultrastructure of the plasma protein.
Identity of a peritoneal fluid immunoglobulin light chain and the amyloid fibril in primary amyloidosis.
A monoclonal immunoglobulin has been isolated from the peritoneal fluid of a patient with primary amyloidosis. The immunoglobulin was reduced and alkylated and the light and heavy chains were compared to the major protein constituent of that patient's hepatic amyloid fibrils. N-terminal amino acid sequences of the light chain and amyloid fibril were identical when carried to 20 residues and were typical of a kappa I light chain. Molecular weight studies suggested that the fibril protein was composed of an intact light chain with a molecular weight of 23,000. The hypothesis that amyloid fibril protein in primary amyloid is derived from circulating monoclonal immunoglobulin is discussed.
Tetracycline in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A double blind controlled study.
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"A" protein of amyloidosis. Isolation of a cross-reacting component from serum by affinity chromatography.
A nonimmunoglobulin protein (A protein) has been isolated from amyloidotic tissue of secondary type. Antisera prepared to this protein identified a cross-reacting substance in the sera of patients with secondary amyloidosis. Sera from 70 persons with amyloidosis, 120 normal adults, 20 aged persons, and 97 patients with chronic diseases were tested for this substance. One hundred percent of secondary amyloid sera had amounts of amyloid serum component detectable by double diffusion in agar, whereas only 19 percent of primary amyloid sera were positive. Approximately 60 percent of rheumatoid sera as well as 60 per cent of sera from aged individuals were positive. Only 3 percent or normal blood donors had detectable amounts of this circulating substance. Isolation of the serum component by affinity chromatography and partial characterization have shown that it is an alpha-globulins with a molecular weight of 100,000-120,000, that it is not related antigenically to immunoglobulin or amyloid P-compoment, and that it has an amino acid analysis that is markedly different from tissue A protein. The possible participation of this substance in the genesis of amyloid is discussed.
Amyloidosis: current trends in its investigation.
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Prevalence and etiology of linear enamel hypoplasia in monkeys and apes from Asia and Africa.
Ninety-seven specimens of sympatric monkeys and apes from East Malaysia and 115 monkeys and apes from West Africa are examined in order to evaluate the magnitude and nature of the great ape-monkey linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) 'dichotomy'. This study demonstrates that great apes from both regions have a higher incidence of LEH and repetitive LEH than do gibbons and monkeys. However, the authors find that the dichotomy is not as clear-cut as previous research suggests, since some monkey samples exhibit high LEH frequencies. The authors evaluate the potential influence of great ape-monkey differences in crown height on this dichotomy. They show that canine crown height variation is weakly associated with LEH variation. Differences between monkeys and great apes in their crown formation spans and in their experience of environmental stress may be more likely causes of the dichotomy.
Localized amyloidosis of the head and neck and upper aerodigestive and lower respiratory tracts.
Seven cases of localized amyloidosis limited to structures of the head and neck and upper aerodigestive and lower respiratory tracts evaluated and treated at Boston University Hospitals in a recent 7-year period were reviewed. Negative Congo red staining of abdominal adipose aspiration biopsy or rectal biopsy specimens established that the amyloidosis was not systemic. Localized amyloidosis occurred in discrete masses in a variety of sites in the aerodigestive tract including the orbit, nasopharynx, lips, floor of mouth, tongue, larynx, and tracheobronchial tree. Five patients required surgical excision because of significant airway obstruction or organic dysfunction. Amyloid deposits completely excised with the carbon dioxide laser have not recurred, though other amyloid masses may appear elsewhere within the same organ or region. Amyloidosis may occur primarily or secondarily to other disease states. Localized amyloidosis has not been chemically identified but is usually defined by the absence of systemic features. While rare, amyloidosis must be recognized and understood by the otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon to allow appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic planning.
Proceedings: Bence jones protein (BJP) from a patient with primary amyloidosis identical to the amyloid fibril.
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Serum amyloid A protein and C-reactive protein in systemic amyloidosis.
In 106 patients with systemic amyloidosis (56 primary, 27 secondary, and 23 familial), serum amyloid A protein (SAA) was measured by solid-phase radioimmunoassay and C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by rate nephelometry. SAA and CRP concentrations were highly correlated (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001) throughout the normal and abnormal concentration ranges. In systemic amyloidosis, SAA was more sensitive than CRP as an indicator of the acute-phase response, particularly in secondary amyloidosis. Acute-phase proteins are only occasionally increased during the course of familial amyloidosis. The overlap of acute-phase protein levels does not permit reliable separation of primary amyloidosis from secondary amyloidosis solely on the basis of such studies despite the significantly higher SAA and CRP levels in the latter.
Soft tissue uptake of bone seeking radionuclide in amyloidosis.
The diagnosis of amyloidosis is often difficult due to variable clinical manifestations and the need for biopsy confirmation. We evaluated the use of bone scanning radionuclides in an effort to delineate soft tissue amyloidosis. Three of 7 patients with proven amyloid reviewed retrospectively, and 3 of 17 studied prospectively had abnormal soft tissue uptake of radionuclide, most commonly diffuse hepatic uptake. Amyloidosis should be considered in any patient with diffuse hepatic uptake or other soft tissue uptake of bone seeking radionuclides. A mechanism for the abnormal uptake (increased calcium content of the involved tissue) is postulated based on in vitro tissue analysis for calcium.