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Biomedical subjects

M Simon

Publications and source records attributed to M Simon.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Sterile eosinophilic pustulosis].

Sterile eosinophilic pustulosis (SEP) first described by Ofuji et al. in 1970 as "eosinophilic pustular folliculitis," is obviously a new entity. The majority of patients are Japanese. So far only four European cases have been reported. However, we have recently observed a 46-year-old Greek male (the fifth case in Europe) with the typical clinical features of SEP: repeated eruptions of aggregated pruritic (follicular) papulopustules (1-2 mm in diameter). The eruptions developed in slightly elevated erythematous patches localized on the extremities, face, and trunk. Histologic examination revealed intraepidermal pustules containing eosinophils and moderate dermal infiltrates with mononuclear cells and eosinophils around follicles, sebaceous glands, and vessels. In addition to the characteristic clinical and histological features, our patient showed all the typical laboratory findings previously described: negative bacterial cultures from the pustules, blood eosinophilia, increased total IgE, negative reactions to intradermal tests of recall agents. Furthermore, the rate of suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells (OKT 8-cells) in peripheral blood was significantly diminished, and mitogenic stimulation of lymphocytes in vitro was negative (decreased LTT). These laboratory data resemble the immunopathological findings in atopic diseases. On the other hand, seborrheic skin with sterile eosinophilic pustules predominantly occurring in skin areas rich in sebaceous glands seems to be another remarkable sign of SEP. The question of whether the co-incidence of atopylike immunological constellation and seborrheic skin observed in SEP has pathogenetic importance, however remains open. Apart from corticosteroids and sulfones, a favorable therapeutic effect may be obtained by inhibitors of cyclooxygenase. In our case indomethacin caused a quick and lasting therapeutical benefit.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Idiopathic hemochromatosis. Immunogenetics and diagnosis. Prevention by HLA genotypes].

Idiopathic hemochromatosis is an hereditary iron overload. The study of HLA types demonstrated clearly the linkage with HLA system. The preferential correlation established with A3 (72%) but other alleles were linked: B7, B14. HLA alleles were only the markers of hemochromatosis allele (H) and were not implicated in other iron overload. Family studied, defined two linked haplotypes: A3, Cw7, B7, Bw6, BfS, DR2, GLO1 et A3, Cw8, B14, Cw6, BfF, DRw6, GLO2. Demonstration of the recessive mode of inheritance was established by family studies. The affected siblings had the same HLA haplotype that the proband and homozygous or heterozygous expressed state was assessed in siblings. The HLA family types allowed to detect in 147 families 88 potential diseased patients among of them 73% had early blood-drawing.

Alleles↗
PubMed1986

Reconsideration of conventional tomography versus computerized tomography in the evaluation of lung metastases.

Several published reports compare linear chest tomography to computerized chest tomography regarding the detection of lung metastases in adults. As linear tomography does not result in a sectional image, a study comparing multidirectional tomography to computed tomography in the chest was carried out. Equal sensitivity and specificity of these two modalities is shown by reviewing 28 cases who had known extrathoracic malignancies prospectively. The currently prevailing impression that computerized tomography is superior in the detection of lung metastases is thus not justified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with herpes simplex virus. Apropos of a case with a fatal outcome].

A male patient, aged 23 years, with no notable previous history, was admitted to hospital because of fever, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. The bone marrow was infiltrated by mature looking histiocytes displaying erythrophagocytosis. Other findings included polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, elevated transaminases, hypofibrinogenemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. A diagnosis of virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome was made and virology studies attributed it to herpes simplex virus type 1. Therapy with acyclovir, high dose i.v. immunoglobulins, and vinblastine was unsuccessful. With the addition of prednisone, a remission, with disappearance of histiocytic marrow involvement, was obtained but was of short duration, and the outcome was fatal.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A mitochondrial reading frame which may code for a maturase-like protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In S. cerevisiae, the large oxi3/oli2 mitochondrial transcript contains the products of the oxi3, aap1 and oli2 genes and an unassigned reading frame, RF3. In the work presented here, we have completed the nucleotide sequence of RF3. We have shown that RF3 is composed of four fairly large ORFs which overlap within GC rich sequences. Furthermore, a shift of +1 base was found between each pair of consecutive reading frames. We discuss how these frameshifts could be removed to produce a 500 aminoacid long protein containing the two well conserved P1 and P2 oligopeptide sequences featuring several mitochondrial intron reading frames, suggesting, thereby, a RNA-maturase-like activity for the putative RF3 protein. In addition, we suggest that the insertion of GC clusters in a gene could provide a novel way of regulating its expression.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1985

[The "unspecific" immune state in skin diseases with special reference to microphage functions].

Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) or microphages resp. are essentially involved, on account of their ubiquity within the entire organism as well as their phagocytic and intracellular killing properties, in the complex organization of the antimicrobial and antitumoral protective capacity of man. Positive chemotaxis triggers the migration of PMNL to the specific danger area and thus initiates an immune reaction. An either inborn or acquired defect or functional weakness of PMNL may entail a state of persisting viral, fungal and/or bacterial infections. Impairment of various PMNL functions may result from different metabolic disorders, internal malignancies, and/or immunosuppressive therapy. Disturbances of various PMNL functions can be especially analysed in vitro. After delineation of different techniques available to check the immunological defense system of the human organism, we report on our results of PMNL function analysis in patients suffering from chronically recurrent pyoderma (n = 22), oral precancer and cancer (n = 13), chronic mucocutaneous candidosis (n = 10), recurrent aphthous ulcers (n = 33), as well as Behcet's disease (n = 20).

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

The iron status of urban black subjects with carcinoma of the oesophagus.

Non-haem iron concentrations were measured in 65 specimens of liver obtained from 50 male and 15 female black adults who died from carcinoma of the oesophagus in the Johannesburg area between 1971 and 1980. The results were compared with those obtained in two earlier studies on subjects who died from other causes. The first was carried out on 220 men and 164 women in 1959/1960 at Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, and the second series, which consisted of 248 men and 181 women, was obtained at the same hospital in 1976. During the intervening period there was a marked drop in the incidence and severity of iron overload in urban blacks. A direct comparison between subjects with carcinoma of the oesophagus and the 1976 group showed that the geometric mean hepatic iron concentrations in the carcinoma patients were significantly higher in the 40-49, 50-59 and over-60 age groups. While geometric mean hepatic iron concentrations in the various age groups were also higher than those obtained in the 1959/1960 study, the differences only reached statistical significance in subjects over the age of 60 years. Seven of the 15 women had significant hepatic iron deposits (greater than 0,5% dry weight). These results suggest that the excessive consumption of home-brewed alcoholic drinks contaminated with iron may be directly or indirectly associated with the development of carcinoma of the oesophagus in urban black adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Identification of phenprocoumon metabolites in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The oral anticoagulant phenprocoumon is eliminated in urine mainly as the glucuronide conjugate to an extent of 20% of the dose. The urine from patients undergoing phenprocoumon therapy was investigated and the following metabolites were isolated and identified: 7-hydroxyphenprocoumon as the main component, and 4'-hydroxyphenprocoumon and 6-hydroxyphenprocoumon as conjugates. They were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography and, after methylation, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

4-Hydroxycoumarins↗
PubMed1985

Measuring gene expression with light.

Light is produced by recombinant Escherichia coli that contain lux genes cloned from the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri. The bioluminescence phenotype requires genes for regulatory and biochemical functions, the latter encoded by five lux genes contained in a single operon. These lux genes were disconnected from their native promoter and inserted into the transposon mini-Mu. The resulting transposon, mini-Mulux, could induce mutations by insertional inactivation of a target gene, and the lux DNA was oriented to align target gene transcription with that of the lux genes. Genes in Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were mutagenized, and mutants containing transposon-generated lux gene fusions produced light as a function of target gene transcription. Light production offers a simple, sensitive, in vivo indicator of gene expression.

DNA Transposable Elements↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of the prosome from Drosophila and its similarity to the cytoplasmic structures formed by the low molecular weight heat-shock proteins.

We have identified and characterized a ribonucleoprotein structure from the cytoplasm of Drosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells which is equivalent to the prosome, a recently described ribonucleoprotein particle of duck and mouse cells. During the recovery period following heat shock, the low mol. wt. heat-shock proteins form cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles which co-purify with the Drosophila prosome. Both ribonucleoprotein particles share several structural properties but their protein constituents differ in their metabolism and cellular localization during the heat treatment. We also report the partial nucleotide sequences of several small RNA species associated with the Drosophila prosome. One of them has a strong sequence homology with the U6 mammalian small nuclear RNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Electrophysiological studies on lateral intercellular spaces of Necturus gallbladder epithelium.

The lateral intercellular spaces of Necturus gallbladder epithelium were punctured with double-barrelled ion selective microelectrodes in order to determine the ion concentrations of lateral space fluid and the contribution of the lateral spaces to transepithelial resistance. Neither under control conditions, nor after diluting the bathing fluids to increase the rate of volume absorption, nor during passage of direct current of 200 microA/cm2, were any reliable concentration differences observed between lateral space fluid and external bathing fluids. These observations suggest that water can follow salt transport without requiring osmotic concentration gradients of greater than 1 or 2 mosmol/l and indicate that recently observed high values of water permeability must still be considered as underestimates. After developing a test to recognize and exclude leaky punctures, the contribution of the lateral spaces to transepithelial resistance could be determined. It amounted to around 29%. This value agrees well with results from recent impedance measurements which were performed under control conditions in the same preparation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Characterization and comparison of soluble and immobilized pig muscle aldolases.

Pig muscle aldolase was insolubilized by covalent attachment to a polyacrylamide matrix containing carboxylic functional groups. The catalytic activity of the Akrilex C-aldolase was 2014 units/g solid, i.e., an activity loss of only about 5% relative to the initial activity. The pH optimum for catalytic activity shifted form 7.25 to 7.5 and the apparent temperature optimum from 313 to 318 K. The Michaelis constant of the insolubilized enzyme was significantly higher than that of the soluble aldolase. Heat- and urea-inactivation experiments revealed that the immobilization increased the stability of the enzyme.

Animals↗