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Biomedical subjects

M Silverman

Publications and source records attributed to M Silverman.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The old man as woman: detecting stereotypes of aged men with a femininity scale.

Male and female college students (N = 244), divided into seven experimental groups, rated women in general and men age 65 significantly higher in femininity than men at four younger ages and men in general. Ratings were made on the Broverman, et al. (1970) masculine-feminine (MF) scale. It appears that both women in general and aged men are viewed through the same "femininity" stereotype, which is largely a perception of psychological timidity. Relatively high femininity ratings for men age 55 indicate that these characteristics are believed to increase in men as a function of the aging process. Results also suggest that the students' MF ratings of "men in general" are based primarily on their perceptions of young men.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Human umbilical cord vein for vascular replacement: preliminary report and observations.

Human umbilical cord vein allografts (HUCVAG) were prepared by sequential treatment of fresh cords with 95 percent ethanol and 1.3 percent dialdehyde starch. Twenty-six of 30 canine aortic implants of fully treated grafts were patent at the end of 8 months. Among 25 aortic interpositions of untreated and 70 percent ethanol-treated grafts, the mean survival was 13 and 34 days, respectively. Five of ten 70 percent ethanol:1.3 percent dialdehyde starch-treated implants remained patent for 8 months. Graft failure was attributed to incomplete antigenic suppression manifested by rejection changes, including thrombosis, anastomotic disruption, aneurysm formation, and intimal degeneration. HUCVAG has been used in five patients who required femoropopliteal bypass. Of three successful revascularizations, two remain patent beyond 8 months without aneurysm formation. These results suggest that the processed, valveless, unbranched HUCVAG, in unlimited supply, may serve as an available alternative in the absence of a suitable saphenous vein.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Attitudes and feelings of criminal justice personnel toward the mentally ill.

The present study compared the attitudes and feelings of law-enforcement, corrections, parole and probation personnel, and college students toward mental illness. Modified versions of the Criminally Insane Scale (Khanna, Pratt, & Gardiner, 1962) and Attitudes Toward Mental Illness Scale (Cohen & Struening, 1962) were used in assessing these attitudes. Law-enforcement and corrections personnel tended to believe many of the stereotypic causes of mental illness, while the college students based their views on more current thinking. In addition, law-enforcement and corrections personnel indicated greater fear of the criminally insane than the other two groups. Possible causes and ramifications of these differences are discussed.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1976

The identification of the mot gene product with Escherichia coli-lambda hybrids.

Molecular cloning techniques were used to construct lambda-E. coli hybrid bacteriophage carrying genes involved in bacterial flagellar motility (mot) and chemotaxis (cheA). A series of hybrid bacteriophage without each of these genes was also prepared. When paralyzed mutants of E. coli were infected with lambda that carried the mot gene, the ability of the bacterium to swim was rapidly restored. The restoration of motility was the result of the synthesis and insertion into the cell membrane of a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 31,000 (the Mot protein). Another polypeptide with a mobility on acrylamide gel electrophoresis which corresponded to a molecular weight of 39,000 was associated with the cheA gene. The presence of this polypeptide alone was not sufficient to restore chemotactic activity to mutant cheA strains. It was suggested that only a portion of the cheA gene was cloned, and thus the 39,000 protein may be a partial product of the cheA gene, or the product of a second mot gene.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1976

Mechanism of maleic acid-induced glucosuria in dog kidney.

The multiple indicator-dilution technique in vivo and isolated brush-border membranes in vitro have been used to explore the mechanism of maleic acid-induced glucosuria in dog kidney. The interaction of D-glucose with the antiluminal membrane from the peritubular fluid surface is unaltered. It is demonstrated that alpha-methyl-D-glucoside (alpha MG) enters and exits from the proximal tubular cell only across the brush-border membrane. Then using alphaMG as a reference indicator, it is shown that maleic acid does not cause complete inhibition of D-glucose interaction with the antiluminal membrane from the cytoplasmic surface. The binding of [3H]phlorizin both in vivo and in vitro is not affected by prior administration of maleic acid, indicating that D-glucose interaction with the outside surface of the brush border is also not affected by maleic acid. The data are therefore consistent with the concept that maleic acid-induced glucosuria is due either to i) partial inhibition of D-glucose movement from cytoplasm across the antiluminal membrane into the blood, ii) stimulated movement back across the brush-border membrane into urine, or iii) a combination of the two effects.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1976

Chondrosarcoma simulating malignant atrial myxoma.

A 69-year-old patient underwent removal of a left atrial tumor which was diagnosed clinically and pathologically as atrial myxoma. Fourteen, 18 and 22 months later, distant metastases were discovered. Two of the metastases were removed entirely and one partially. The metastatic tumors were also thought to be of myxomatous origin by light and electron microscopy. Only at autopsy was it demonstrated that the patient had a primary chondrosarcoma of the pelvis giving rise to widespread myxoid metastases to the heart and other sites.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

High affinity phlorizin receptor sites and their relation to the glucose transport mechanism in the proximal tubule of dog kidney.

A set of high affinity phlorizin receptors in a brush border membrane preparation from dog kidney cortex is described. The dissociation constant, Kd is approximately equal to 0.3 muM (20 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM Na-+, 5mM EDTA pH 7.45, 37 degree C). The number of receptor sites is approximately equal to 12-10- minus 12 mol/mg membrane protein. Preincubation with sugar substrates shows that the high affinity phlorizin binding is completely abolished by D-glucose (100 mM), 3-deoxy-30fluoro-D-glucose (125 mM) and alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (125 mM), while 40-50% inhibition is observed with glucose concentrations as low as 5 mM. D-Galactose adn beta-methyl-D-galactopyranoside inhibit 20-40% at 125 mM while 2-deoxy-D-glucose and 2-deoxy-D-galactose inhibit minimally (approximately equal to 25%) at the same concentration. L-glucose, D-mannose, D-xylose, myoinositol, D-fructose and 3-O-methyl-D-glucose do not inhibit significantly in concentrations up to 600 mM. Unlabelled phlorizin (1 muM) and D-glucose (125 mM) completely wash off bound [3-H] phlorizin from the high affinity site. In contrast, phloretin (100 muM) is only about 50% as effective in displacing bound [3-H] phlorizin. Binding decreases with decreasing sodium concentration and is abolished by N-ethylmaleimide (7 mM). No inhibition is observed with ouabain (0.125 mM), cytochalasin B (0.1- 42 muM) and concanavalin A (10-10 000 mug/ml). The specificity of inhibition of phlorizin binding in vivo to the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule in dog kidney has also been investigated. Alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside completely washes off bound [3-H] phlorizin. D-galactose is only about 10% as effective at equivalent doses. There is no observable wash off of bound [3-H] phlorizin with D-fructose, myoinositol, D-mannose or 2-deoxy-D-glucose. The relative affinity of monosaccharides for the glucose transport receptor at the brush border was investigated in vivo using the multiple indicator dilution technique to determine their fractional reabsorption under identical conditions of phlorizin blockade. The relative affinities are in the order D-glucose approximately equal to alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside greater than D-galactose greater than 2-deoxy-D-glucose greater than D-fructose approximately equal to myoinositol. It is concluded (i) that phlorizin receptors on the brush border of the proximal tubule in vivo are identical to the high affinity phlorizin binding sites in the brush border membrane fraction in vitro and (ii) that these phlorizin receptor sites are either in close proximity, or identical, to the glucose transport receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Exercise-induced asthma.

A review of exercise-induced asthma is presented which describes work that has been carried out by the authors and by other investigators over recent years. The effect of exericse on lung function in asthmatic and normal subjects is compared. The influence of the type and severity of exercise on the response of the asthmatic is noted and the importance this has for interpretation of results. The effects of various drugs on exercise-induced asthma are considered in some detail. The clinical implications of the results of exercise tests in asthmatics, their relatives, and other subjects are considered in terms of the diagnosis and prognosis of asthma and its mode of inheritance. It is concluded that there is as yet no explantation for the mechanism of exercise-induced asthma, but it is a tool of potentially great value for research into the physiology and treatment of clinical asthma.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1975

Echocardiographic manifestations of postinfarction ventricular septal rupture.

The echocardiographic features of three patients with postinfarction ventricular spectal rupture are described. All patients showed a decreased or paradoxical motion on the ventricular septum, and two of the patients demonstrated an unusual motion of the tricuspid valve. There were no abnormalities in mitral valve motion. The echocardiogram can be helpful in the diagnosis of postinfarction ventricular septal rupture and can assist in distinguishing this condition from acute disruption of the mitral valve complex.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Determination of orotic and dihydroorotic acids in biological fluids and tissues.

In commonly used procedures for colorimetric assay of orotic acid in biological materials, certain substances interfere, positively or negatively. Some that interfere negatively are ornithine, cysteine, citrulline, tyrosine, proline, hydroxyproline, and polyamines. Protein and interfering agents are easily removed by first isolating the total organic acid fraction. The orotic acid in this fraction can then be determined by an established colorimetric procedure. A rapid liquid-liquid column-chromatographic procedure is described, if analysis of both dihydroorotic and orotic acid is required.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The use of the treadmill for assessing exercise-induced asthma and the effect of varying the severity and duration of exercise.

Running produces a greater amount of post-exercise bronchoconstriction than other forms of exercise carried out a similar metabolic rates. The treadmill can be used to provide a standardized form of exercise when studying the asthmatic child. The severity of post-exercise bronchoconstriction depends upon the rate of working on the treadmill and the duration of exercise. A maximum response is obtained by six minutes of running at an uphill slope of 10% at a speed of 5 kmph (3 mph). Even with this type of test, there is still considerable variation in the response from time to time and greatest reporducibility is obtained by repeating the test within one week. Treadmill exercise tests may be used in the diagnosis of asthma and in the assessment of its likely severity.

Adult↗