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Biomedical subjects

M Shirai

Publications and source records attributed to M Shirai.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Effect of (2"R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin, a new antitumor antibiotic, on the bone marrow function of rabbits. (2) Repeated intravenous injections].

(2''R)-4'-O-Tetrahydropyranyladriamycin-HCl (THP), a new antitumor antibiotic, was intravenously injected to New Zealand White rabbits at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 6 weeks (3 courses) or at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day daily for the first 5 days of a 2-week course for 6 weeks (3 courses). The total dose was 7.5 mg/kg in both dosing schedules. The peripheral leucocyte and erythrocyte counts decreased. The leucocyte count decreased to 57% of the initial count on Day 3 in the first course and then increased gradually. The decrease was smaller in the divided dosing schedule than the single dosing. The nucleated cells, especially immatured myelocytes and erythroids reduced remarkably. Subsequently the matured myelocyte ratio in bone marrow cell constituents increased and the M/E ratio increased. These changes were observed on Day 3 and reverted by Day 9 in each course. The divided dosing schedule resulted in a higher nadir. All the changes in the peripheral blood and the bone marrow reverted even after the 3 course-treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Isolation and properties of beta-glucosidase from Ruminococcus albus.

An enzyme active against p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside was purified from logarithmic-phase cells of Ruminococcus albus cultivated in a medium containing ball-milled cellulose. The purification yielded homogeneous enzyme after an approximately 520-fold increase in specific activity and a 9% yield. The enzyme was identified as a beta-glucosidase because it can hydrolyze cellobiose and cellooligosaccharides to glucose from the nonreducing ends.

Cations, Divalent↗
PubMed1985

X-ray TV system for measuring microcirculation in small pulmonary vessels.

We developed a new system that consists of 1) a specially designed X-ray apparatus, 2) an X-ray-sensitive 1-in. Vidicon camera, and 3) a digital image-processing device. The picture element is approximately 20 micron in size, and the time required for one frame is 1/30 s. Using this system, we measured the internal diameter (ID), the cross-sectional area, flow velocity, volume flow, and transit time of small pulmonary vessels of approximately 100-500 micron at control and with serotonin in anesthetized cats. Flow velocity and volume flow from large [458 +/- 22 (SE) micron] to small (340 +/- 32 micron) arteries were 5.4 +/- 0.4 cm/s and 0.53 +/- 0.06 ml/min, respectively. Transit times of the contrast medium from large to small arteries (Ta) and to large veins (Tv) were 0.68 +/- 0.04 and 3.71 +/- 0.25 s, respectively. Serotonin injection (20-30 micrograms/kg iv) decreased ID, flow velocity, and volume flow of arteries by 8-48, 32, and 76%, respectively, whereas Ta and Tv increased by 91 and 69%, respectively. The system can provide useful information regarding the local circulation in the lung.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Non-uniform effects of neurohumoral agents on the internal diameter in parallel and series arranged small arteries in rabbit hindlimb.

Using X-ray angiography, the internal diameter (ID) of 31 sites of arteries in the hindlimb, i.e., the iliac, main femoral, profundal femoral, circumflex femoral, saphenous, and popliteal arteries, was measured in anesthetized rabbits. ID under the control condition was 294-1,796 micrometers, but was changed to 376-1,828 micrometers, 127-1,914 micrometers, and 423-2,098 micrometers with administration of hexamethonium bromide, noradrenaline, and phentolamine, respectively. The constrictor effects of noradrenaline and plasma catecholamine were larger in the femoral artery than in the iliac artery. At the transition site from the iliac to the femoral artery, ID per unit length increased from 190 micrometers/10 mm in the control to 320 micrometers/10 mm with noradrenaline. The constrictor effects of sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) on the profundal femoral, circumflex femoral, saphenous, and popliteal arteries varied among 19 out of 20 sites. Plasma catecholamine constricted ID at 18 sites but dilated it at 2 sites. Noradrenaline constricted ID at all 20 sites, particularly in the popliteal and saphenous arteries. It was concluded that the effects of SNA and plasma catecholamine on ID on rabbit hindlimb arteries were qualitatively and quantitatively non-uniform among different arteries and at different sites of the given artery.

Angiography↗
PubMed1985

[A case of renal cell carcinoma developing from a dysplastic kidney].

A case of renal cell carcinoma developing from a unilateral dysplastic kidney is reported. A 33-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of lumbago due to metastatic cancer to the bones. She was treated with interferon and combination chemotherapies, but died nine and a half months after initiation of the therapy. Autopsy revealed a widely metastasized renal cell carcinoma originating from a dysplastic left kidney. This is the second such case in the literature. Clinical management of renal dysplasia should take into consideration the possibility of developing malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Surgical treatment of impotence caused by megalourethra.

A twenty-three-year-old impotence patient is presented who had never achieved penile erection and who suffered megalourethra and megaloureter. Through a penothermocurve the cause of impotence was diagnosed as megalourethra and extensively thickened penile skin. Plastic surgery was performed, and sufficient resection of the enlarged urethral wall and penile skin resulted in successful penile erection and satisfactory intercourse. The usefulness of the penothermocurve was demonstrated as a means for the differential diagnosis of impotence.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical experience of bromazepam for psychogenic impotence patients].

A clinical trial was performed with the tranquilizer Bromazepam on 39 patients undergoing diagnosis of psychogenic impotence, and the drug effect was evaluated according to the criteria based on our protocol. The protocol specifies 8 tests (1 for libido, 4 for erection, 2 for ejaculation, 1 for orgasm) which are scored according to an arbitrary logarithmic scoring system. At the end of the study the points made in the 8 tests were added to obtain the total score as the basis for evaluation of the overall drug effect. After treatment all tests showed an improvement, and the improvement in erection during masturbation, reflective erection, and condition of ejaculation was statistically significant. The total score also improved from 16.77 +/- 2.62 (mean +/- S.D.) before treatment to 11.42 +/- 1.96 after treatment, and the change was again statistically significant (P less than 0.05). The rate of satisfaction as a subjective symptom of improvement also increased from 25.38 +/- 4.40% to 39.10 +/- 4.53%. The results of the present study provide evidence to indicate that Bromazepam is beneficial for psychogenic impotence.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

[Serum tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in patients with urogenital cancer].

We measured the serum TPA level in 260 patients with benign urogenital diseases, 189 patients with urogenital cancer and 72 healthy blood donors by using a radio-immunoassay kit in order to evaluate its usefulness as an indicator for the presence of cancer. TPA value (mean +/- 2SD) in healthy blood donors was in the range of 36.8-110.8 units per liter, so that values higher than 110 U/L were considered to be abnormal. Significantly higher serum TPA levels were observed in patients with non-treated cancers, compared to healthy blood donors. But elevated serum TPA levels were also observed in the patients with benign diseases, especially in cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia with urinary tract infection. Consequently, it is considered that the serum TPA test is very useful for detecting urogenital diseases, but not for screening urogenital cancer. In cases of urogenital cancer, serum TPA levels elevated significantly by recurrence or recrudescence of the disease. Therefore, a good correlation was established between serum TPA and the efficiency of a given therapy in patients with prostatic cancer and bladder cancer.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical experience of Hachimijiogan for male infertility patients].

We treated 53 patients for male infertility with TSUMURA - Hachimijiogan given as a daily dose of 7.5 g for 144 days on the average. The sperm density was improved by administration to 10 X 10(6)/ml or more in 22 patients (41.5%) and lowered to 10 X 10(6)/ml or more in only 2 patients (3.8%). The sperm motility was improved by 10% or over in 29 patients (54.7%) as compared with 5 patients (9.4%) in whom it was lowered by 10% or more. The sperm motile efficiency index ( SMEI ) was improved in 40 (75.5%) of the 53 patients. Statistically significant differences were noted in the improvement in sperm density, sperm motility and SMEI . By contrast, there was no difference in semen volume, sperm morphology or sperm agglutination between the pre- and post- treatment periods. During the period of treatment, the wives of 4 patients (7.5%) conceived children. These results suggest that TSUMURA - Hachimijiogan is effective for male infertility to a certain extent and that clinical trials on its use for male infertility may be meaningful.

Adult↗