Biomedical subjects

M Shiozawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Shiozawa.

97 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

The detection of microscopically disseminated cancer cells in the abdominal cavity by intraoperative lavage cytology combined with an immunocytochemical method in gastric cancer.

This study was conducted to clarify the possible role of the immunocytochemical examination of intraoperative lavage cytology in gastric cancer. The expression of CA19-9, STN, SLX and CEA in tissues were examined in 70 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent gastric resection. The tissue sections were processed with the hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunostaining using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. Fifty one patients underwent the lavage cytology. The cytologic samples were stained by the conventional Papanicolau method and ABC immunocytochemical method. Expression of CEA was detected at obviously higher frequency than those of the 3 carbohydrate antigens. The method combined with 4 antibodies increased the detection rate to 97.2%. Conventional lavage cytology was positive in 16 out of 51 patients. The diagnosis of class III in four patients was changed to class V through the immunocytochemical examination. The immunocytochemical examination of lavage cytology is very useful to verify the microscopically disseminated cancer cells in gastric cancer.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Helicobacter pylori of remnant stomach and optimal dose of amoxicillin for eradicating Helicobacter pylori.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The optimal dose of antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori eradication is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate optimal dose of antibiotics (amoxicillin) for eradication of H. pylori in the remnant stomach. METHODOLOGY: Biopsy specimens were obtained from 77 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. H. pylori was subsequently diagnosed by rapid urease test and culture. Gastritis was assessed by scoring. Patients with positive H. pylori were eligible for the eradication study. Amoxicillin 750 mg per day for 2 weeks and omeprazole 20 mg per day for 8 weeks were administered to them. Endoscopic reexamination and 13C-urea breath test were performed 12 weeks after the initiation of treatment. RESULTS: The positive rate of H. pylori was 38.9% in the remnant stomach. Eradication rate was 50.0%. Mean dose of amoxicillin in effective cases was 14.1 +/- 1.5 mg/kg/day. This was significantly higher than that in non-effective cases (12.5 +/- 1.5 mg/kg/day). Remnant gastritis was significantly improved after complete eradication. CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori was present in 38.9% of patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The optimal dose of amoxicillin was 15.6 mg/kg/day for 14 days with omeprazole-amoxicillin therapy.

Amoxicillin↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Corticobasal degeneration: an autopsy case clinically diagnosed as progressive supranuclear palsy.

We report an autopsy case diagnosed clinically as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), but neuropathologically confirmed as corticobasal degeneration (CBD). A 56-year-old Japanese woman slowly developed parkinsonism, dementia, character change, followed by vertical gaze palsy and dystonia. Brain MRI demonstrated diffuse cerebral atrophy with severe shrinkage of the brain stem tegmentum. The SPECT images using 123I-IMP disclosed symmetrical hypoperfusion in the frontal lobes. She died of respiratory failure at the age of 71. Gross inspection of the brain showed diffuse, symmetrical atrophy of the cerebrum and marked atrophy of the Luysian body, globus pallidus, substantia nigra and nuclei of the brain stem tegmentum. Microscopically, neuronal loss and fibrillary gliosis were observed in the Luysian body, globus pallidus, substantia nigra and nuclei of the brain stem tegmentum. The cerebellar dentate nucleus showed mild neuronal loss with some grumose degeneration. Neurofibrillary tangles were found only in the Luysian body, substantia nigra and raphe nuclei, whilst tau-positive inclusions were observed more extensively. Astrocytic plaques and swollen achromatic neurones were found in the postcentral gyrus. There were no tuft-shaped astrocytes in the brain. The clinicopathological similarities and differences between PSP and CBD are discussed.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathologic differences between early gastric remnant cancer and early primary gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was designed to clarify the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival in early gastric remnant cancer and compare with early primary cancer in the upper third of the stomach. METHODOLOGY: Twenty-five patients with early gastric remnant cancer, who underwent resection at Kanagawa Cancer Center and First Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University between 1974 and 1996 were evaluated in this study. Various clinicopathologic characteristics, such as age, sex, symptoms, size of tumor, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, cell differentiation, and survival were investigated and early gastric remnant cancer was compared with early primary cancer in the upper third of the stomach. RESULTS: According to the macroscopic type, protruded type such as I or II type accounted for a great majority in early gastric remnant cancer, while II c depressed type was common in early primary cancer in the upper third of the stomach, comprising 64.2% of all cases. Pathological examination disclosed that well-differentiated carcinoma and mucosal carcinoma were more frequently observed in early gastric remnant cancer than in early primary cancer in the upper-third of the stomach. The 5-year survival rate was 83.5% for early primary cancer in the upper-third of the stomach. In contrast, no patients experienced recurrence after operation for early gastric remnant cancer. CONCLUSIONS: From the view point of clinicopathological evaluation, gastric remnant cancer is a special from of gastric cancer. A follow-up program is important in order to detect early gastric remnant cancer. A low incidence of lymph node metastasis suggests that endoscopic mucosal resection of the tumor or limited operation could be performed under strict indication.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Enhancement of CDDP cytotoxicity by caffeine is characterized by apoptotic cell death.

Through the use of STKM-1 human stomach cancer cells, we investigated the enhancement of the anti-tumor effect and the apoptosis induction of the CDDP and caffeine combination. Even when the concentration of CDDP was low, CDDP significantly decreased the proliferation of STKM-1 human stomach cancer cells, thus confirming the synergistic effect of the CDDP and caffeine group. The apoptotic labeling index of the CDDP plus caffeine combination was significantly higher than that of the CDDP group. In conclusion, caffeine enhanced the effect of CDDP by not only inhibiting DNA repairs but also inducing apoptosis.

Apoptosis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathologic differences between gastric remnant cancer and primary cancer in the upper third of the stomach.

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of gastric remnant cancer is considered to be poor compared with that of primary cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted to elucidate the differences of clinicopathologic findings and treatment results between 59 patients with gastric remnant cancer (GRC) and 579 patients with primary proximal gastric cancer (PGC). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the incidence of lymph node metastasis between GRC and PGC. However, changes in the metastatic pattern to lymph nodes were observed in GRC. In GRC, the tumor easily invaded the neighboring organs due to the adhesions around the remnant stomach, resulting in a low resectability with curative intent. The 5-year survival rate after curative resection for advanced GRC was 50.9%. GRC patients without serosal invasion had a good prognosis. CONCLUSION: Although the survival rate after curative resection for GRC patients was similar to that of PGC, GRC patients without serosal invasion had a better prognosis. Therefore, early detection is an important way to improve overall survival in GRC.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric emptying after gastric interposition for esophageal carcinoma: comparison between the anterior and posterior mediastinal approaches.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Close observation and evaluation of the function of the transposed stomach after esophagectomy is essential. The present study uses the sulfamethizole capsule meal test to evaluate differences in gastric emptying between the anterior and posterior mediastinal approaches in patients undergoing esophagectomy. METHODOLOGY: Thirty-eight patients who underwent the esophagectomy and esophagogastrostomy for esophageal cancer were randomly divided into 2 groups: Group 1: anterior mediastinal approach, and Group 2: posterior mediastinal approach. Gastric emptying was studied using the sulfamethizole capsule meal test. Patients received sulfamethizole food capsules, 65 g of bread, and 150 ml of water. Plasma sulfamethizole levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: Gastric emptying in both groups was significantly accelerated compared to healthy volunteers. Gastric emptying did not differ significantly between groups 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS: The present data show that the sulfamethizole capsule meal test is an effective means of evaluating the emptying of the transposed stomach. Furthermore, when the stomach is used as an esophageal substitute following esophagectomy, gastric emptying does not differ according to the access route.

Aged↗