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Biomedical subjects

M Shifrine

Publications and source records attributed to M Shifrine.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Copper and zinc levels in serum from human patients with sarcomas.

Serum copper levels (SCL) and serum zinc levels (SZL) were evaluated in 19 patients with sarcomas, 12 of which were osteosarcomas at various stages. Patients with primary or metastatic osteosarcoma had elevated SCL, whereas amputated osteosarcoma patients who were clinically tumor-free had nearly normal SCL. Patients with primary osteosarcoma had elevated SZL, those with metastases had depressed zinc levels, and amputated patients who were clinically tumor-free and nearly normal SZL. Thus, the ratio of SCL:SZL in metastatic osteosarcoma patients is higher than in patients with primary osteosarcoma. SCL and SZL are compared to clinical histories for selected patients. Patients with the more advanced disease and poorest prognoses had the most elevated SCL and highest SCL:SZL ratios. It appears that the determination of SCL and SZL in osteosarcoma patients may be of value in prognosis and therapy evaluation; furthermore, the ratio of SCL:SZL may be useful in discriminating between patients with primary and metastatic osteosarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Ceruloplasmin levels in sera from human patients with osteosarcoma.

Ceruloplasmin (Cp) levels in sera of osteosarcoma patients, women on chemical contraceptives, and normal individuals were determined by radial immuno-diffusion (RID) and rocket electroimmunophoresis (REP) techniques; serum copper levels (SCL) were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Ratios of SCL/Cp were constant in all groups tested, indicating that the ratio of bound to unbound copper in the serum is maintained relative to normal levels both in osteosarcoma patients and in women receiving chemical contraceptives. There was a highly significant increase over normal levels in Cp concentration in sera from patients with osteosarcoma and from women on chemical contraceptives, in agreement with our previous data on SCL. Either RID or REP can be used to measure serum Cp. The latter method appears to be faster and more sensitive, whereas the former is easier to perform. It appears that the determination of serum Cp in osteosarcoma patients may be of value in differential diagnosis of the disease in selected patients, and in evaluation of the efficacy of therapy.

Ceruloplasmin↗
PubMed1976

Leukemia allotransplants in canine fetuses: influence of host age and immune responsiveness.

Myelomonocytic leukemia cells allografted prenatally in some developing purebred Beagle fetuses elicited tumors postnatally in some of the pups. The later in gestation that the inoculum was delivered, the less was the disposition to eventual leukemia, indicating that fetal host age at the time of grafting and tumorigenesis are correlated. The leukemogenic transplants may have grown because of fetal immunoinsufficiency or because they were tolerogenic in the developing immune system. Limited immunologic data for exclusion of the latter possibility are reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Transfer factor - hypotheses for its structure and function.

Transfer factor (TF) is a dialyzable extract from primed lymphocytes that is able to transfer specific delayed hypersensitivity from one animal to another. On the basis of available data we suggest that TF is a polypeptide with a molecular weight below 15,000 daltons. We hypothesize that TF is the variable light or heavy chain domain of immunoglobulin: such a molecule conforms with the accepted properties of TF and also has the necessary specificity requirements. We also hypothesize that TF is part of a receptor site. beta-2-microglobulin, a molecule that is an integral part of cell surfaces, could be the anchor for TF. beta-2-microglobulin has homologies with the constant portion of immunoglobulin light or heavy chain and thus would combine with the variable domain (TF) to form a complete receptor site for a specific antigen. The properties of TF suggest its mode of action, which is discussed in detail in the text. The biologic advantages of TF is its ability to confer immediate (immunologie specific) protection while the 'normal' immune response develops.

Binding Sites, Antibody↗
PubMed1975

Canine osteosarcoma karyotypes from an original tumor, its metastasis, and tumor cells in tissue culture.

Radiation-induced osteosarcoma, its metastasis, and cells grown in tissue culture were karyotyped. Both hypodiploid and hyperdiploid stem lines were observed. The hypodiploid line contained 45-55 chromosomes with 10-15 abnormal metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes and one subtelocentric marker. The hyperdiploid line contained 90-105 chromosomes with 20-30 abnormal metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes with two subtelocentric markers. Karyotypic analysis can be used to monitor osteosarcomas maintained in tissue culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Regression of feline sarcoma virus-induced sarcomas in dogs. I. Morphologic investigations.

In a study of morphologic changes in the development and regression of feline sarcoma virus (FeSV)-induced tumors in dogs, 27 weaned and newborn beagle and mongrel puppies were inoculated with FeSV in doses from 1.0 to 3.0 gEq; 2 beagle and 2 mongrel puppies were used as uninoculated contact controls. All animals were examined daily, and crude tumor volume was calculated from length, width, and depth measurements of the neoplasms. Biopsies were done at various stages of tumor development and regression. When tumors were no longer palpable, all puppies were necropsied. Two of 8 (25%) weaned beagle puppies, 10 of 12 (83%) newborn beagles, and 1 of 7 (14%) newborn mongrels developed tumors, all histologically confirmed fibrosarcomas. No metastatic tumor foci were detected. The tumor life-span was divided into approximately equal periods of growth and regression. The initial regression period was characterized by focal necrosis and accompanying neutrophil infiltration. The later stages of regression were characterized by lymphocytic or mixed mononuclear infiltrates. Thus the regression histopathology was not uniform and suggested that different immunologic mediation systems effect regression. Nonneoplastic morphologic changes consisted largely of lymphoid depletion and necrosis in lymph nodes and thymus after inoculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Regression of feline sarcoma virus-induced sarcomas in dogs. II. Immunologic investigations.

The serial development of cell-mediated immunity (CMI), cytotoxic antibody activity, serum blocking activity, and virus-neutralizing antibody levels were monitored in vitro for beagle and mongrel puppies inoculated with feline sarcoma virus (FeSV) and were compared to in vivo histologic markers of regression of induced sarcomas. CMI developed rapidly and maintained a high level of in vitro activity throughout the tumor life-span. Cytotoxic antibody levels similarly rose rapidly to peak just before clinically detectable regression and then declined during most of the regression sequence. This suggested antibody fixation at the tumor site, correlating with the histologic finding of focal necrosis and neutrophilic infiltrates. Inactivation of antibody by circulating antigen with subsequent immune complex formation was a possibility. Levels of virus-neutralizing antibody in sera paralleled those of cytotoxic antibody; their relationship in the circulation was not clear, but each related to virus-determined antigenic specificities. Serum blocking activity rose rapidly, leveled off during most of the tumor life-span, and rose slightly during the last stages of regression. This partly explained the lack of in vivo tumor lymphoid infiltrates to correlate with the striking in vitro CMI. Blocking activity was also present, however, when lymphoid infiltrates were seen histologically. Thus in vitro-in vivo correlation was best for cytotoxic antibody, which suggested that antigen-antibody reactions involving neutrophil-mediated regression sequences were important in effecting tumor-cell destruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Double electroimmunodiffusion: a rapid diagnostic test for canine coccidioidomycosis.

Double electroimmunodiffusion (EID) was adapted for detection of antibodies to Coccidioides immitis. In a limited experiment with canine serums, the test was found to be qualitatively as sensitive as the complement-fixation (CF) test. Advantages of EID over CF are that EID takes only 30 minutes to perform and requires only 10 mul each of antigen and antibody.

Animals↗