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Biomedical subjects

M Shiba

Publications and source records attributed to M Shiba.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Incidence of lymph node involvement in pN2 non-small cell lung carcinoma and reevaluation of the lymph node dissection method].

We reported post operative survival rate of 134 pN2 squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma patients in our institute, and analyzed the level of the mediastinal lymph node metastasis to evaluate the standard lymph node dissection method (R2b). Post operative survival rate showed no difference between the left and right lung carcinoma but it showed significant difference between the upper lobe and lower lobe of the both side. Compared with the upper lobe lung cancer, the lower lobe cancer showed higher incidence of metastasis to #7, #8 or #9 lymph node. It is suspected that lymph node dissection of ipsilateral #12 (U), contralateral hilar and #4 lymph node should be considered for the lower lobe cancer especially with #7 lymph node metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Factors influencing survival after endoscopic Nd:YAG laser surgery for unresectable advanced malignancies of the trachea.

The effects of endoscopic Nd:YAG laser surgery were studied in 36 patients with unresectable advanced primary and metastatic malignancies in the trachea with special reference to the factors influencing long-term survival. Overall effectiveness of YAG laser treatment was demonstrated in 34 of the 36 patients (94 per cent), while the overall 1, 3 and 5 year survival rates after the first laser treatment were 25 per cent, 13 per cent and 13 per cent, respectively. Neither histologic type nor the severity of clinical symptoms before laser treatment showed any significant influence on the survival curves, however, endoscopic findings of stenosis, the effect of laser treatment and irradiated longitudinal length were all significantly correlated with the survival curves. In other words, endoscopically protruding type tumors with a longitudinal length of irradiation of 3.0 cm or less, and good responses not only to laser treatment but also to other combined modalities are favorable factors for achieving long-term survival in patients with tracheobronchial malignancies undergoing endoscopic Nd:YAG laser treatment. Endoscopic Nd:YAG laser surgery is considered to be a promising part of the multi-modality treatment for unresectable advanced primary and metastatic malignancies of the trachea.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

A study of biohazard protection for farming modules of lunar base CELSS.

For the Closed Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) of a manned lunar base which is planned to be built on the moon early in the 21st century, several proposed programs exist to grow vegetables inside a farming module. At the 40th IAF (Malaga, 1989) the author et al presented a proposal for supplying food and nutrients to a crew of eight members, a basic concept which is based on growing four kinds of vegetables. This paper describes measures for biohazard protection in farming modules. In this study, biohazard protection means prevention of the dispersion of plant diseases to other plant species or other portions of farming beds.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1992

Growth behavior of low passage cultured cells derived from human non-small cell lung carcinoma in deepithelialized rat tracheas transplanted into nude mice.

Proliferation behavior of six low passage cell lines derived from human non-small cell lung carcinoma was investigated both by cell inoculation into deepithelialized Fisher 344 rat tracheas xenotransplanted into nude mice and by direct cell injection into the subcutis of nude mice. In the tracheal transplants, all the cell lines showed a comparable or higher degree of differentiation than in the primary lesion, while most cell lines showed a lower degree of differentiation in the mouse subcutis. The surfaces of the tracheal transplants repopulated with the cells derived from squamous cell carcinomas were initially lined with a layer of flattened cells, two to three cells thick, while those repopulated with the cells from the three adenocarcinoma cases (HKT-3, HKT-5, HKT-6) were initially lined with simple epithelia comprising cuboidal-, round-and columnar-shaped cells, respectively. Subsequently, the cells from HKT-3 increased in height and proliferated in a pseudostratified pattern, those from HKT-5 proliferated in a papillary growth pattern and those from HKT-6 proliferated in a cribriform pattern. Ultrastructurally, they resembled ciliated bronchial epithelial cells, non-ciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells and bronchial goblet cells, respectively. Histological examination of cultured cells using this system was considered to be advantageous in the evaluation of differentiation since it provided unique proliferation patterns unobserved in primary tumors or tumors formed after s.c. direct cell injections.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Visuo-postural control of schizophrenics--variations of sway area during horizontal eye movement].

In the present study, we investigated the neurological mechanism of commonly known specific or unnatural postures in schizophrenic patients. Using a gravimeter, body sway studied in 26 chronic schizophrenic patients, 10 schizoaffective disorder patients and 21 normal subjects. During eye fixation at a target while keeping an upright posture, schizophrenic patients presented a larger gravimetric area than the normal subjects and the patients with schizoaffective disorder. There was a negative correlation (r = -0.509) between the standard deviation of the sway gravimetric area during fixation and the dose of neuroleptics in schizophrenic patients, but no correlation was found in patients with schizoaffective disorder (r = -0.01), although they took neuroleptics in a similar regimen to that for the schizophrenics. There was no correlation between the standard deviation of the sway gravimetric area during fixation and the duration of illness. There was also no correlation between the former and the amplitude ratio of saccades during smooth pursuit eye movements. When horizontal eye movements pursuing the target were loaded in this experiment, both the normal subjects and the patients with schizoaffective disorder showed a decrease in a loaded gravimetric area and a tendency towards postural stabilization. However, schizophrenic patients having higher SANS scores (Andreasen) presented an increase in gravimetric area. This suggests that schizophrenic patients with higher SANS score may have organic cerebellar changes related to impairment of the mechanism of visual and postural coordinations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA ploidy pattern of primary lung cancer--its prognostic and biological implications].

In order to clarify the significance of the nuclear DNA ploidy pattern in primary lung cancer, recent reports of flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA are discussed. It has been reported in many institutes, that nuclear DNA ploidy pattern was a significant and an independent postsurgical prognostic factor in lung cancer, statistically. Diploidy tumors showed a better post-surgical outcome than aneuploid tumors. This fact is more evident in stage I tumor than in advanced cases and was more in squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas. Some papers reported that tumors with a high DNA index showed more invasive character than that with a low DNA index with flow cytometric and histopathological examination. As the percentage of aneuploid tumor was much higher in primary lung cancer than in other cancers, more detailed characterization is believed to be needed in aneuploid tumors by means of other oncological analysis, e.g. growth factors or expression of oncogene products.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[An indication for surgery of the advanced small size lung carcinoma: results of surgical therapy of pT1N2 non-small cell lung carcinoma].

A clinico-pathological study of the advanced small size lung carcinoma was performed to clarify its surgical indication. In 31 pT1N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients, postoperative survival time was compared with their surgical curativity, histologic type, histologic differentiation, cellular atypia and extent of mediastinal lymph node metastasis. In general, postoperative outcome was poor in pT1N2 non-small cell lung cancer. But postoperative survival is over 40% in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of relative curative resection in which mediastinal lymph node metastasis proved in only one station. It is suspected that surgery would be indicated in this group.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of spontaneous regression of lung cancer with skin metastasis].

Spontaneous regression of a malignant tumor is a rare phenomenon, especially in advanced lung cancer. We reported a case of spontaneous regression of lung cancer with tracheal stenosis due to tumor invasion and multiple skin metastases. A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on September 10, 1985, because of a dry cough. A chest roentgenogram showed a mass shadow in the right upper lung field. Bronchoscopic examination revealed tracheal stenosis due to the tumor mass, and transbronchial aspiration cytology (TBAC) yielded a diagnosis of large cell carcinoma of the lung. In spite of treatment by chemotherapy with cisplatin and vindesin and irradiation, dyspnea deteriorated and multiple skin metastases appeared. After Nd-YAG laser irradiation via a broncho-fiberscope to maintain his airway and ethanol injection into the skin metastases, his dyspnea improved and he was discharged on February 6, 1986. Two months after discharge all skin metastasis had completely disappeared, and the primary lesion also regressed and finally disappeared on chest roentgenogram until August, 1986. The mechanism of regression is unclear, but now he has been free of tumor clinically for four years.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

[A clinicopathological study of thymomas, with special reference to evaluation of malignant grade by morphometric analysis].

To determine the factors influencing the extent and recurrence of thymoma, 31 cases of thymoma who had undergone complete resection were analyzed clinicopathologically with special reference to the nuclear area of epithelial cells. The mean tumor size and incidence of recurrence of stage III thymomas were significantly larger and higher than those of stage I thymomas. The nuclear area of epithelial cells of stage III thymomas (72.9 +/- 29.2 micron 2) was significantly larger than that of stage I thymomas (48.4 +/- 13.2 micron 2) or stage II thymomas (49.4 +/- 11.6 micron 2). The nuclear area of thymomas with recurrence (70.2 +/- 21.5 micron 2) was significantly larger than that of those without recurrence (50.2 +/- 12.8 micron 2). In 16 cases who were followed up for 5 years or more, the nuclear areas were over 50 micron 2 in all thymomas with recurrence, while in 8 of 11 thymomas without recurrence it was under 50 microns 2. These results indicated that the tumor size and nuclear area increased step-wisely in association with the advance of clinical stage and that the incidence of recurrence was related to not only clinical stage but also nuclear area. Thymomas with large nuclear area (over 50 microns 2) are considered to be a high-risk group of recurrence and should be carefully followed up.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A comparative study of weight of regional lymph nodes in association with the presence of metastasis in primary lung cancer patients].

The weight of regional lymph nodes was measured in 173 patients who underwent surgical resection of the primary lung cancer and lymph nodes from January, 1986 to January, 1989 in our hospital. Histological examination was also performed and correlation of metastasis and the weight of lymph nodes were studied. The average weight of metastatic lymph nodes was 2.34 g while that of non-metastatic ones was 0.83 g indicating a significant (p less than 0.05) increase of weight in metastatic lymph nodes. Although the percentage of metastasis increased as the weight of lymph nodes increased, 7.6% of lymph nodes weighing less than 0.5 g was positive for metastasis. On the other hand, 66.7% of the lymph nodes weighing more than 3.0 g in adenocarcinoma and 34.5% in squamous cell carcinoma were positive for metastasis indicating the difference of the metastatic tendency to the lymph nodes between the two histological types. The comparative study of the weight of each lymph node station according to the JJC criteria demonstrated the difference of average weight of non-metastatic lymph nodes among each lymph node station. The average weight of pretracheal (#3), subcarinal (#7), interlobar (#11), and segmental (#12) lymph nodes without tumor metastasis were more than 1.0 g, however those of anterior mediastinal (#3a), paraesophageal (#8), and pulmonary ligament (#9) were less than 0.5 g. The average weight of metastatic lymph nodes in each lymph node station was in proportion to those of non-metastatic ones.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Results of noncurative resection of primary lung cancer].

Out of 1099 cases of primary lung cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in our department from 1952 to 1988, 374 cases were divided as noncurative by the post surgical examination. We divided the causes of noncurative resection as follows; I) absolute noncurative resection 1) tumor rest in a) lymph nodes (Ly rest), b) chest wall or diaphragma (Ch + Dia rest), c) bronchial stump (Bro rest) 2) intra-pulmonary metastasis (pm), 3) dissemination or pleuritis carcinomatosa (Dis + pl) II) relative noncurative 1) incomplete dissection of lymph nodes (Ro) 2) group 2b lymph node metastasis (2b Ly). Ly rest was the commonnest (103 cases 27.5%) in noncurative resection and Ch + Dia rest (94 cases, 25.1%) and p.m. (54 cases 14.4%) followed thereafter. Two thirds of the noncurative cases were classified into these 3 groups, and the rest of the causes were Dis + pl, Bro rest. RO and 2b Ly groups. p.m. and Ly rest groups were the most common causes of noncurative resection in adenocarcinoma cases whereas Ly rest and Ch + Dia rest groups were common in squamous cell carcinoma cases. Five year survival rate of the total noncurative cases was 12.1% although those of Dis + pl groups was 22.9% and those of p.m. group was 18.8%. Five year survival rate of the other groups were around 10%. A slightly better survival rate was observed when relative noncurative resection was performed in RO (19.7%) and 2b Ly (18.7%) groups.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic Nd:YAG laser surgery on malignant and benign lesions of the trachea and carina.

A total of 47 patients with malignant and benign lesions in the trachea and carina were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of endoscopic Nd:YAG laser surgery. The histology consisted of 37 malignant and 10 benign lesions, and 23 of the patients had severe symptoms with laser surgery being performed as a lifesaving emergency. Endoscopic Nd:YAG laser treatment was able to dilate the tracheal calibers from 2.6 +/- 0.9 mm to 6.1 +/- 1.4 mm in the emergency cases with a remarkable effect and brought relief from wheezing and dyspnea, with an objective improvement of more than 25 per cent in peak expiratory flow rate being demonstrated. Furthermore, the tracheal diameters were able to be dilated from about 7 mm to 10 mm in the non-emergency cases. A remarkable effect was achieved in patients with intraluminal or mixed types of tumors among both the emergency and non-emergency cases. The survival rates of the emergency patients in whom a remarkable effect was achieved were definitely better than those in whom only fair or poor effects were achieved and, in the non-emergency cases, similar results were demonstrated. In conclusion, the application of endoscopic Nd:YAG laser surgery to tracheal stenotic diseases has an instantaneous and definite effect on luminal dilatation and shows significance as a lifesaving procedure. Moreover, the resultant improvement in the patients' general condition could make it possible for them to undergo other combined therapy and prolong their life span. Endoscopic Nd:YAG laser surgery is thus considered to be a very effective and established procedure for the treatment of tracheal stenotic lesions.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1990

Experimental cedar pollinosis in rhesus monkeys.

In order to develop an experimental model for human cedar pollinosis, 4 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were subcutaneously immunized with crude cedar pollen antigen, which contained 1.0 microgram or 10 micrograms protein with aluminium hydroxide gel, six times every month. All 4 animals showed immediate-type cutaneous reactivity. Serum IgE antibody responses against the pollen antigen, as quantitated by the Prausnitz-Küstner reaction, were seen in 3 of 4 monkeys. Radioallergosorbent test scores increased in 2 monkeys and remained at higher levels throughout the study. Histamine release from leukocytes was positive in all animals. In conjunctival provocation tests, they showed clinical signs such as eye-scratching after the antigen was dropped into their eyes. This reaction is similar to that observed in humans and suggests this animal model might be useful in studying human cedar pollinosis.

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

[Present status and problems of surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer].

Surgical treatment and combined chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancers during the last 10 years were analyzed. Overall 5 year survival rate of non-small cell lung cancer was 37% and those in stages I, II, IIIA and IIIB were 59%, 33%, 21% and 12%, respectively. Poor outcome in IIIA cases depended strongly on surgical respectability, however, adenocarcinoma cases depended more on the T factor and squamous cell carcinoma depended more on the N factor. IIIA cases, even though resected curatively, showed 10-20% local recurrence, indicating the importance of further improvement of the surgical procedure. In the cases with absolutely non-curative resection tumor remained in mediastinal lymph nodes or organs adjacent to the mediastinum, indicating the necessity of extended combined resection including contralateral mediastinal lymph nodes or organs adjacent to the mediastinum for better results of surgical treatment. Preoperative chemotherapy for the suppression of local recurrence and distant metastasis was significant only in very limited circumstances.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Significance of superior vena cava reconstruction with EPTFE grafts in the surgical treatment of superior and anterior mediastinal invasive malignant tumors].

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the significance of superior vena cava (SVC) reconstruction in the surgical treatment of superior and anterior mediastinal invasive malignant tumors, by using a total of 48 cases consisting of 36 invasive thymomas, 3 thymic cancers, 3 carcinoids, 2 germ cell tumors, 2 malignant lymphomas, 1 intrathoracic thyroid cancer and 1 malignant melanoma. In 22 of 48 cases there was only mediastinal pleural invasion or tumor capsule invasion, on the other hand, 26 cases had high ratios of invasion to adjacent organs, including lung, pericardium, great veins and the phrenic nerve. Sixteen of 26 cases had invasion to 1-2 adjacent organs, but 10 had 3-6 organ invasion. Among 12 cases invading SVC or brachiocephalic veins, 9 cases during the last 7 years underwent SVC resection and reconstruction with EPTFE grafts. The patency was good in the grafts with external ring support and no SVC symptoms were observed in all cases postoperatively. The longest patent and functional graft is 40 months postoperative. No statistically significant difference were demonstrated in the survivals between cases with SVC reconstruction and those with resections of other adjacent organs, furthermore, remarkable difference of survival was demonstrated in SVC reconstructed cases with complete resection and incomplete resection. The survivals in cases with combined resection of 1-2 adjacent organs was statistically significantly better than those with combined resection of 3-6 adjacent organs (p less than 0.05, Cox-Mantel test).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of effective chemotherapy with CDDP and VDS for metastatic lesions of the lung and spleen and simultaneous resection].

A case of 51-year-old woman, she was suffered from primary parotic cancer and the right parotic gland was resected in 1980, and pulmonary metastatic nodule was also operated in 1982. She was admitted in our institute with complaint of bloody sputum and cough in 1989, and diagnosed as pulmonary and splenic metastasis of parotic cancer. Two courses of combined chemotherapy, with CDDP by administration through bronchial artery, with CDDP and VDS by a systematic intravenous injection, was done. With these therapies, partial responses were obtained in the metastatic lesions, so spleen and left lower lobe of lung were resected. In the histological examination of the resected tumors, tumor cells were nearly disappeared, and we obtained Ef-2 effect according to the general rule for clinical and pathological record of lung cancer. She was discharged after one more chemotherapy and with no sign of recurrence now. We reported this case because of the possibility of the effective adjuvant therapy of the case with multiple lesions of cancer metastasis, and the rare case of splenic metastasis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

[Limited operation of carcinoma of the lung].

A clinical study on 207 patients was performed to evaluate partial or wedge resection for lung carcinoma in our institute. Although forced vital capacity decreased 300 ml in cases with poor lung function, blood gas analysis and performance status showed no change due to limited operation. Relative non-curative cases undergoing limited operation showed a relatively good result compared to standard lobectomy, and the 5-year survival rate was 42% postoperatively, but absolute non-curative cases showed a much poorer postoperative prognosis. Reduction surgery by limited operation did not have significant effect on the survival of the patients. Limited operation for recurrent lung cancer showed good results and 5-year survival was 60% postoperatively. It was suggested that limited operation for such selected patients can be a beneficial therapeutic modality. In conclusion, limited resection is not indicated for peripheral lung cancers of more than 3 cm in diameter, poor differentiation or marked cell atypia, because of higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and early postoperative recurrence, especially in adenocarcinoma.

Aged↗