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Biomedical subjects

M Shaffer

Publications and source records attributed to M Shaffer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Characterization of human serum spreading factor with monoclonal antibody.

Serum spreading factor is a glycoprotein isolated from human serum that promotes spreading of a variety of cell types on culture dishes. We developed mouse hybridoma lines secreting monoclonal antibody to serum spreading factor that markedly inhibited the rate of serum spreading factor-promoted spreading of both fibroblastic and epithelial cells in culture. Fibronectin-promoted cell spreading was unaffected by monoclonal antibody to serum spreading factor, and the factor appeared to be distinct by several criteria from fibronectin or laminin. Human serum-promoted cell spreading was partially inhibited by monoclonal antibody to serum spreading factor. The antibody recognized primarily two forms of serum spreading factor that migrated in NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in a manner consistent with molecular weights of 65,000-70,000 and 75,000-78,000. In addition to being found in plasma, serum spreading factor was also found associated with washed human platelets.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of experimental chronic osteomyelitis due to staphylococcus aureus with vancomycin and rifampin.

Vancomycin was used alone and in combination with rifampin in the treatment of experimental osteomyelitis due to Staphylococcus aureus in rabbits. Treatment with 60 mg of vancomycin/kg of body weight twice a day for 28 days was ineffective in sterilizing infected rabbit bones. Rifampin (40 mg/kg) injected once a day for 28 days sterilized 57% of infected rabbit bones. Treatment with a combination of vancomycin and rifampin for either 14 or 28 days was significantly more effective than either drug used alone, sterilizing 84% and 90%, respectively, of the infected bones of treated animals. A possible explanation for the failure of vancomycin when used alone may be that its in vitro activity against the infecting strain of S. aureus (as measured by minimal inhibitory concentrations or minimal bactericidal concentrations) was substantially less under anaerobic conditions (that is, at partial pressures of oxygen analogous to those in osteomyelitic bones) than under aerobic conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

In-vitro synergism between mezlocillin and isoxazolyl penicillins against beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative organisms.

Forty beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative organisms were tested with mezlocillin plus an isoxazolyl penicillin for synergy. With standard chequerboard techniques, the combination showed enhanced activity, when compared to either drug alone, against 30 strains. Eighteen of these 30 strains showed synergism at concentrations of mezlocillin and isoxazolyl penicillins which were attainable in the serum (7 strains of Morganella morganii, 8 strains of Eschericia coli and 3 strains of Serratia marcescens).

Bacteria↗
PubMed1981

Induction by butyrate of differentiated properties in cloned murine rhabdomyosarcoma cells.

A cell line derived from the murine rhabdomyosarcoma BW10139 (Dexter, Cancer Res. 37: 3136, 1977) was subcloned and examined with respect to growth and myogenic characteristics in the presence and absence of 1 mM butyrate. Without butyrate, these cells behave as typical transformed cells: they grow rapidly and chaotically, do not form multinucleated muscle fibers and have little or no creatine kinase activity. In the presence of 1 mM sodium butyrate or butyric acid, growth slows, cells become arranged in whorl patterns, and creatine kinase activities increase to levels comparable to those found in normal chick myoblasts immediately prior to cell fusion. The increase in creatine kinase activity is detectable within 2 h exposure to butyrate, reaches a maximum by 24 h, and the elevated level can be maintained for at least six weeks. The induction is reversible upon sequential addition, deletion, and readdition of butyrate to the culture medium. Isoenzyme analyses demonstrated that only the BB form of creatine kinase is induced; MM creatine kinase was not detected. Although formation of multinucleated cells increases after exposure to butyrate, no typical myotubes form. The results suggest that this rhabdomyosarcoma cell line can, under appropriate conditions, re-express some properties characteristic of skeletal muscle, but not the complete muscle phenotype.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Semi-automated ECG processing: A simple method to improve efficiency in ECG laboratories.

A method to expedite processing of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is described. The hardware configuration utilizes conventional equipment, and the ECG data is stored in magnetic data cards. The electrocardiographer's interpretation is made using a specially developed code of 253 diagnostic statements of 2 to 9 words each. A minicomputer converts the code into full alpha-numeric description and 2 characters into English statements. The diagnostic print-out appears in the same page as the reproduction of the original ECG data. This system has significantly reduced the ECG processing time, freed manpower to increase availability of technicians and decreased the size of permanent files.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Performance of reticulocyte counts in stored blood specimens in a pediatric population utilizing new methylene blue.

Although reticulocyte counts can be reliably performed for up to 48 h after storage in EDTA, it is unclear whether this is applicable to the pediatric age group. In order to evaluate this, manual reticulocyte counts were performed on 20 specimens from pediatric patients stored at 4 degrees C for up to 24 h post collection. Samples were evaluated at 1-3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after storage in EDTA vacutainer tubes at 4 degrees C. The age of the subjects ranged from 1 day to 9 years with a median age of 3 years. Patients' reticulocyte counts ranged from 0 to 27% (5.89 +/- 7.21). No clinically significant changes were evident in the reticulocyte count over 24 h after specimen collection. The mean of the 20 specimens at 1-3 h was 5.50 and at 24 h was 5.40 (P > .05). The standard deviation of the mean values ranged from 7.03 to 7.26 (P > .05). The results indicate that reticulocyte counts may be performed on previously drawn blood held at 4 degrees C for up to 24 h post collection in a pediatric population without significant difference from baseline values.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Courage to change.

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Education, Nursing, Continuing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical engineering education in the high technology hospital.

The application of high technology in the critical care field has created two potential approaches: (1) development of critical care technicians to coordinate clinical engineering educational support; and (2) modification of the hospital organization to streamline communications between the clinical engineers and those they support. At one university hospital studied from 1978 to 1982, both the use of high technology equipment and the number of critical care technicians approximately doubled. With emphasis on technician coordination of engineering support, the in-service education lectures increased 134%, while the engineering staff and the corrective maintenance workload remained unchanged.

Biomedical Engineering↗