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Biomedical subjects

M Schroeder

Publications and source records attributed to M Schroeder.

125 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Systemic histiocytosis: an unusual cause of perianal disease in a child.

A male child first presented with chronic perianal skin disease at 33 months of age and later developed gingival disease and loose teeth associated with alveolar bone erosion. Biopsy of gingival and perianal lesions showed histiocytic proliferation. Following therapy with vinblastine, prednisone, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide, the lesions healed but disease recurred in the mastoid and was successfully treated with vinblastine alone. Although the perianal area is an unusual site of skin involvement in systemic histiocytosis, this disorder should be considered in any child with chronic unexplained perianal disease, and biopsy of these lesions should be obtained.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1983

[2d interim evaluation of a chemotherapy study on patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head-neck area. A comparison of 2 therapy regimens: cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and bleomycin versus methotrexate and vindesine].

52 patients with epidermoid cancer of the head and neck region were either treated with cis-DDP and bleomycin (arm A) or with methotrexate and vindesine (arm B). In case of resistance patients were further treated with the alternative regimen (A leads to B or B leads to A). Treatment results are superior in arm A. Complete and partial remission were in A: 54%, in B: 31%, after crossover 46% and 0%, respectively. Status of pretreatment (operation and/or radiotherapy) is of minor importance for arm A than for the "soft" treatment of arm B. Preliminary analysis of survival and remission duration shows no significant difference in regard to A or B and status of pretreatment. However, those patients resistant to B and further treated with A have an increase of median survival from 3 to 9 months (p = 0.02). With primary chemotherapy inoperable tumors can be made operable with curative intention.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ecthyma gangrenosum.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Centrally and locally mediated thermoregulatory responses alter subcutaneous oxygen tension.

Mild perianesthetic hypothermia decreases resistance to infections. Decreased resistance likely results in part from direct immune inhibition. However, decreased tissue oxygen partial pressure also decreases resistance to infection by impairing oxidative killing by neutrophils and collagen deposition. Thermoregulatory vasoconstriction decreases skin blood flow and may also decrease subcutaneous tissue oxygen tension. Accordingly, we determined the influence of centrally and locally mediated thermoregulatory vasomotion on subcutaneous oxygen tension. We also compared subcutaneous oxygen tension to other potential markers of tissue perfusion: laser Doppler flowmetry and transcutaneous oxygen tension. Arterial oxygen tension was maintained near 325 mm Hg in five volunteers. Control subcutaneous oxygen tension values were recorded after 1 hour of euthermia (no sweating or vasoconstriction). Volunteers were then cooled with a circulating-water mattress positioned under the trunk and legs. After 1.5 hours of cooling sufficient to produce shivering, the right upper arm was covered for 1 hour with a small circulating water blanket set to 40 degrees C while systemic cooling continued. The volunteers were then systematically warmed to produce sweating, and the right arm was locally cooled. There was no correlation among laser Doppler flowmetry, transcutaneous oxygen tension, and subcutaneous oxygen tension. Systemic cooling significantly decreased subcutaneous oxygen tension, but subcutaneous oxygen tension in the right arm returned to control values during local heating. Systemic warming significantly increased subcutaneous oxygen tension, and 1 hour of local cooling failed to fully reverse the increase. These data indicate that thermoregulatory vasoconstriction significantly decreases tissue oxygen availability. Decreased subcutaneous oxygen tension may be one mechanism by which mild perianesthetic hypothermia facilitates development of surgical wound infections.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraoperative assessment of acute hemodynamic changes after partial left ventriculectomy.

Partial left ventriculectomy (PLV) has been introduced as an alternative surgical therapy for patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy. The physiological benefits of PLV are relatively unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the acute effects of PLV by measuring cardiac function before and after PLV. Aortic and left ventricular pressures and aortic flow were measured in eight patients. Continuous, beat-to-beat data were recorded and compared pre-PLV and post-PLV with and without inferior vena cava (IVC) occlusions. PLV increased cardiac output (0.93+/-0.5, p = 0.01) as a result of increased stroke volume (5.12+/-4.24, p = 0.06) and heart rate (14.5+/-8.44, p = 0.02). Contractility (+/- dP/dt, 240.33+/-74.28, p = 0.001) and external work (650.8+/-320.4, p = 0.01) were also improved. Left ventricular end-diastolic elastance (0.15+/-0.14, p = 0.10) nearly doubled after PLV. Our results indicated an improved cardiac function as measured by increased cardiac output, stroke volume, ejection fraction (EF), and contractility.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Promoting domestic violence education for nurses.

Domestic violence is one of the major health problems facing families today. Women in rural areas often are an overlooked population at high risk for this problem. Domestic violence is a concern for women, who may be patients or healthcare workers. Teaching about domestic violence is a very sensitive issue because it is often difficult for the abused to admit or confront that she is being abused. The authors developed an effective interactive workshop to teach nurses how to assess and intervene with women who have experienced domestic violence.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Noninvasive (13)C-octanoic acid breath test shows delayed gastric emptying in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons. However, ALS has been recognized to also involve non-motor systems. Subclinical involvement of the autonomic system in ALS has been described. The recently developed (13)C-octanoic acid breath test allows the noninvasive measurement of gastric emptying. With this new technique we investigated 18 patients with ALS and 14 healthy volunteers. None of the patients had diabetes mellitus or other disorders known to cause autonomic dysfunction. The participants received a solid standard test meal labeled with (13)C-octanoic acid. Breath samples were taken at 15-min intervals for 5 h and were analyzed for (13)CO(2) by isotope selective nondispersive infrared spectrometry. Gastric emptying peak time (t(peak)) and emptying half time (t(1/2)) were determined. All healthy volunteers displayed normal gastric emptying with a mean emptying t(1/2) of 138 +/- 34 (range 68-172) min. Gastric emptying was delayed (t(1/2) > 160 min) in 15 of 18 patients with ALS. Emptying t(1/2) in ALS patients was 218 +/- 48 (range 126-278) min (p < 0.001). These results are compatible with autonomic involvement in patients with ALS, causing delayed gastric emptying of solids and encouraging the theory that ALS is a multisystem disease rather than a disease of the motor neurons only.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An X-linked version of the affected-pedigree-member method of linkage analysis.

The affected-pedigree-member (APM) method of linkage analysis detects linkage by testing for increased marker similarity between affected individuals in a pedigree. Thus, the APM method poses a 'one-locus' question about the inheritance of the marker; it requires and makes no assumptions about the inheritance of the disease. It only requires that one be able to accurately determine who is affected. Since the APM method is model free, it is an important tool in testing for linkage of genetically complex diseases for which it is difficult to determine or define an accurate genetic model. In addition, the APM method may be used as a model-free confirmatory test to complement traditional lod score analyses. The X-linked version of the APM method developed here now permits researchers to apply this method to test for linkage of complex diseases to X-linked markers.

Alleles↗