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Biomedical subjects

M Schmidbauer

Publications and source records attributed to M Schmidbauer.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Serum melatonin levels: a new neurodiagnostic tool in pineal region tumors?

The pineal hormone melatonin (MLT) is secreted in a circadian rhythm with high serum levels during nighttime and low serum levels during daytime. Several authors have reported an altered secretion pattern of MLT in patients with pineal tumors and have proposed that MLT may be used as a tumor marker. In nine patients, a pineal region tumor was diagnosed by computer-assisted tomography. Before and after surgical removal of the tumor, several day- and nighttime serum samples were collected and MLT concentrations were estimated by radioimmunoassay. Before operation, five patients presented a normal circadian pattern of MLT secretion. In the remaining four subjects, MLT levels were undetectable or at the limit of detection, with no signs of a circadian secretion pattern. Eight patients were reexamined after tumor resection, when all but one had undetectable or very low MLT levels. The remaining subject, with a pineomesencephalic pilocytic astrocytoma, dislocating but not involving the pineal gland, presented a normal circadian secretion pattern of MLT after operation; in this case, tumor resection was possible without damaging the pineal gland. Thus, before operation, MLT deficiency rather than exaggerated serum levels may be used as a marker for pineal tumors that destroy the pineal gland. After tumor resection, serum MLT may serve to demonstrate complete pinealectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Glioblastoma developing at the site of a cerebellar medulloblastoma treated 6 years earlier. Case report.

The authors report the highly unusual development of a glioblastoma multiforme at the site of excision of a medulloblastoma 6 years earlier. The patient was operated on for a cerebellar medulloblastoma at the age of 13 years. Postoperative treatment included irradiation and chemotherapy. Six years later, a glioblastoma multiforme was found at the original site of the medulloblastoma. Intensive multimodality treatment is considered the likely cause for the later tumor development.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extra-CNS metastases of glioblastoma: CT and MR studies.

The case of a 29-year-old man with glioblastoma and multiple metastases outside the CNS is presented. Cervical lymph node involvement was ascertained with CT and magnetic resonance (MR), and numerous bone metastases were detected with skeletal scintigraphy. The extent of the cervical tumor and its relationship to the carotid artery could be better assessed with MR than with CT. The patient died despite repeat operations, radiotherapy, and intraarterial systemic chemotherapy. The importance of radiological screening for detecting glioblastoma metastases in patients with long survival is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

SPECT and MR imaging in herpes simplex encephalitis.

Two cases of necrotizing herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) were investigated with 99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime (HMPAO) SPECT and MR. The clinical course was compared with the neuroimaging results. In the acute stage, the increased HMPAO uptake matched the MR hyperintense signal in the limbic temporal lobe and in the basal ganglia. Protracted inflammation was accompanied by persistently high HMPAO uptake. The sequelae of HSE were characterized by decreased HMPAO uptake and postnecrotic widening of the temporal horns. The "limbic" pattern recognized in both SPECT and MR reflects the basic pathophysiology and neuropathology of HSE. Both methods may be useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of HSE.

Contrast Media↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subarachnoid haemorrhage: prognostic factors as related to working capacity.

Seventy-two adult patients suffering spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) were investigated concerning early mortality. Five patients died within 3 weeks after the onset of clinical symptoms. A demonstrable bleeding source and a Hunt-Hess score greater than 2 were found to be powerful predictive factors for early mortality. Sixty-seven survivors of SAH were examined at an average of 85 months after their first bleeding with regard to working capacity. Various clinical variables and different rating scales during the acute and subacute stage of SAH were identified retrospectively, and their prognostic value for working capacity was investigated. We found that all clinical features at the acute stage of SAH were not predictive of limited working capacity. At the time of discharge, however, organic brain syndrome, focal neurological deficits and a low Barthel Index proved to be significantly related to impaired working capacity. A Hunt-Hess score greater than 2 on admission, and a demonstrable bleeding source, were powerful predictors for early death, but not for impaired working capacity of survivors of SAH.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuroepithelial and ectomesenchymal differentiation in a primitive pineal tumor ("pineal anlage tumor").

A primitive tumor of the pineal region in a 9-year-old girl led to death after 5 months of increased intracranial pressure with occlusive hydrocephalus. Histological investigation including immunocytochemistry revealed a broad spectrum of neuroectodermal differentiation with neuroblastic, neuronal, ependymal and retinoblastomatous features. Melanotic epithelial formations were similar to those of the so-called retinal anlage tumor and of the developing pineal gland. Striated muscle fibers indicated additional ectomesenchymal differentiation reminiscent of the close topographical relationship between neural crest and neural tube on the prosencephalic level of the pineal anlage. This developmental situation seems to be neoplastically reflected by the differentiation features of this tumor.

Brain Neoplasms↗