Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Schlumberger

Publications and source records attributed to M Schlumberger.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical study of adrenocortical carcinoma. Predictive value of the D11 monoclonal antibody.

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) may be difficult with conventional light microscopy, especially when the tumor is nonfunctioning. Until now, no specific adrenocortical tumor marker was available. The current study was undertaken to investigate the interest of the D11 MoAb for the diagnosis and prognosis of ACC. METHODS: Eighteen adrenocortical carcinomas, 10 primary adrenomedullary tumors, 20 primary hepatocellular carcinomas, 50 primary renal cell carcinomas, 5 primary lung carcinomas, and 18 intraadrenal metastases were analyzed immunohistochemically with the D11 monoclonal antibody. ACC were also evaluated for the expression of other tumor markers, including neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A, S-100, Leu-7, vimentin, KL1, AE1AE3, and epithelial membrane antigen. Relationships between clinical features and results of immunohistochemistry were also sought. RESULTS: Nuclear D11 staining appears to be highly specific for normal adrenocortical cells and related tumors. Nuclear D11 positivity was demonstrated in 44% of ACC and was restricted to well-differentiated tumors. No cytoplasmic or nuclear D11 staining was observed in adrenomedullary tumors. D11 reactivity confined to the cytoplasm was found in 5 of 18 adrenal metastases, in all 20 hepatocellular carcinomas tested, in 3 of 5 lung carcinomas, and in 1 of 50 primary renal cell carcinomas. Patients with nuclear D11 immunostaining were initially seen with metastases less often and survived longer than those with no nuclear D11 immunostaining (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nuclear D11 immunoreactivity may help to differentiate ACC from intraadrenal metastases and adrenomedullary tumors. This also selects a group of ACC patients with a more favorable outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Usefulness of technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate scans in localizing bone metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Iodine-131 is uniquely able to demonstrate iodine uptake of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), but precise localization may be difficult, especially in the thorax, due to the quality of image resolution with 131I and the lack of anatomical landmarks. When bone metastases do not show radioiodine uptake bone scintigraphy can be used to detect them. We studied two groups of patients. In group 1, 15 patients with known bone metastases of DTC were treated with 3.7 GBq 131I. After 4 or 5 days, technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HMDP; 740 MBq) was injected and a whole-body scan with simultaneous acquisition of 131I and 99mTc-HMDP images was carried out using a large field of view gamma camera fitted with a high-energy collimator. Technetium uptake was abnormal in 47 of 63 localizations, being increased in 29 foci, decreased in 7 and heterogeneous in 11. The superimposition of 131I and 99mTc-HMDP scans permitted an accurate localization in 80% of spine metastases and in 46% of osseous thoracic localizations, even in the presence of lung metastases. In group 2, 9 patients, who had bone pain, neurological signs or elevated serum thyroglobulin, had DTC bone metastases without iodine uptake. They received a diagnostic dose of 99mTc-HMDP 3h prior to scintigraphy with a large field of view gamma camera fitted with a low-energy collimator. Technetium uptake was abnormal in 37 of 38 localizations, being increased in 34 foci and decreased in 3. One false-negative was found in a skull metastasis. In both groups of patients, 99mTc-HMDP scans were useful.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1993

Intraoperative detection of pheochromocytoma with iodine-125 labelled meta-iodobenzylguanidine: a feasibility study.

We evaluated the feasibility of intraoperative detection of pheochromocytoma sites after injection of meta-iodobenzylguanidine labelled with iodine-125. Six patients with multiple or recurrent pheochromocytoma were injected for intraoperative detection. During surgery, all count rates were recorded using a CdTe detector diode. Tumour foci were found in all cases. Tumour count rates ranged from 50 to 1000 counts per second (mean approximately 400). Blood activity, used as a reference level, ranged from 10 to 50 counts per second (mean approximately 35). In all patients, the intraoperative probe was helpful to the surgeon and facilitated the discovery of the pathological foci even when they were small (< or = 1 cm). Complete resection under probe control was correlated with postoperative normalization of urinary normetanephrine excretion. The use of a probe designed to detect low-energy gamma-ray radionuclides bound to a highly specific molecule provides an accurate detection tool which is well adapted for ectopic localizations and for small foci.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1993

Cytogenetic characterization of a new human papillary thyroid carcinoma permanent cell line (GLAG-66).

A new permanent cell line (GLAG-66) has been established from the metastases of a papillary thyroid carcinoma in a male patient. Herein are reported the cytogenetic characteristics of this new cell line, which is tumorigenic in athymic mice. An aneuploid chromosomal pattern was observed (48 chromosomes) with various chromosomal abnormalities. The karyotype was: 48,XY,der(1)t(9;1;9), +der(8)t(1;8),der(9)t(1;9),der(9)t(1;9), +14. This cell line should prove to be of great value in the study of the biology of human papillary thyroid carcinomas.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1993

Serological evaluation of a simplified immunization schedule using quadruple DPT-polio vaccine in Burkina Faso.

The immunogenicity of quadruple DPT-polio vaccine used in a two-dose regimen was investigated in a cross-sectional serological survey involving 355 children under 5 years of age. This schedule is currently applied in the EPI programme in three provinces in Burkina Faso, West Africa. It was found that two doses of quadruple DPT-polio vaccine induced antibodies at protective levels to diphtheria and tetanus toxin, and to the three types of polioviruses in over 90% of 179 children. The persistence of antibodies to tetanus and polioviruses is good, since over 90% of the children studied still had antibodies more than 2 years after their last vaccination. The antibodies to diphtheria toxin tend to decline in the first 6 months after vaccination, which is not uncommon. However, our data indicate clearly that a very high percentage (98%) of children have been primed to diphtheria toxin. Of 176 non-vaccinated children, up to 25% of the older ones had antibodies to polioviruses, most of them only to one type. This appears to be a sensitive parameter for the circulation of wild polioviruses in the environment. As the vaccination coverage in the study area was low (< 60%), it was to be expected that the circulation of polioviruses in the community could not be interrupted. The present study demonstrates the applicability of a two-dose strategy for primary immunization with a quadruple DPT-polio vaccine especially for poliovirus components and the toxoids. To induce pertussis immunity, however, a third vaccination is recommended.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1992

[Neuroendocrine tumor of the trachea of the intermediate type. Value of its individualization].

Tracheobronchial neuroendocrine tumours can be divided into 4 main groups: typical carcinoid; well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (atypical carcinoid); neuroendocrine carcinoma of the intermediate type, and small-cell carcinoma. Typical and atypical carcinoids are differentiated tumours, whereas intermediate neuroendocrine tumours and small cell carcinomas are little or not differentiated. Morphological or architectural criteria usually suffice to distinguish between carcinoid tumours and small cell carcinomas. In some cases, however, the neuroendocrine nature of poorly differentiated and non-small cell carcinomas is suggested by morphological criteria, but it can be confirmed only by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Tracheobronchial neuroendocrine tumours of the intermediate type have been studied from a first, well-documented clinical case which demonstrated two important points: the prognosis of these tumours seems to be worse than that of carcinoid tumours, and they favourably respond to chemotherapy. In view of the therapeutic consequences, it is necessary to investigate, by the appropriate techniques, the neuroendocrine nature of these poorly differentiated carcinomas.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

[Neuroendocrine tumors].

The original classification of neuroendocrine tumours proposed by Pearse was based on a common embryologic origin in the neuroectoderm. This is being replaced by other classifications based on results of modern techniques: secretory granules shown by electron microscopy, neuroendocrine tumour markers (NSE, chromogranin A, NPY ... ) shown by immunocytochemistry and blood measurements. Most endocrine tumours are single and sporadic, but in some patients they are multiple and/or occur as a familial disease such a multiple endocrine neoplasia or other disease, the transmission of which is autosomal dominant. This permits a more reliable classification of tumors, that can be used to determine their prognosis and response to therapy.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1992

Cytogenetic studies on 19 papillary thyroid carcinomas.

Short-term cultures from 19 papillary thyroid adenocarcinomas revealed clonal numerical and/or structural chromosomal changes in 13 tumors, nonclonal abnormalities in one tumor, and only normal karyotypes in five tumors. Clonal abnormalities of chromosome 10 were present in three tumors, two of which had the translocation t(7;10)(q35;q21). Numerical abnormalities of chromosome 17 were detected in two tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1992

Malignant pheochromocytoma: clinical, biological, histologic and therapeutic data in a series of 20 patients with distant metastases.

Twenty patients, 16 males and 4 females, aged 11-76 yr, were treated for a metastatic pheochromocytoma at our institution between 1985 and 1990. A neurofibromatosis was associated in 4. Thirteen patients had a unilateral adrenal tumor, 3 had an extraadrenal retroperitoneal tumor, 2 had a bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma, one had a unilateral tumor with a contralateral medullary hyperplasia and one an adrenal and an extraadrenal pheochromocytoma. Metastases occurred in all patients, at presentation in 11, 10 to 30 months later in 7, and 9 and 28 yr later, respectively in two. Histology did not afford conclusive evidence for malignancy. Catecholamine hyperproduction was present in all, predominantly affecting norepinephrine. Neuron Specific Enolase level was elevated in 11, Neuro-Peptide Y level in 9 and procalcitonin level in 11/18. High dopamine, methoxytyramine and homovanillic acid excretion levels seemed to correlate with large tumors or terminal stage. MIBG uptake was found in 16 after a diagnostic dose and in 1 only after a therapeutic dose. Surgery was performed on primary tumor in 18 and on distant metastase in 10. Iodine-131 MIBG therapy was performed in 11, among whom 9 were evaluable. Cumulative activity ranged from 100 to 711 mCi, in 1 to 6 courses. Symptomatic improvement occurred in 5 patients, stabilization was observed in 3 and tumor partial response in two, which lasted for 28 and 9 months, respectively terminating in a rapidly progressing disease with bone marrow involvement. Moderate myelosuppression occurred in 4 patients. Chemotherapy gave no response in 7 evaluable patients. Fourteen patients died with a median survival of 16 months from diagnosis of metastases (range 3-60). Response to therapy was poor and warrants further cooperative trials.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1992

Epidemiological evidence for a common mechanism for neuroblastoma and differentiated thyroid tumour.

Because genetic predisposition probably plays an important role in the aetiology of most of childhood cancers, studies of second primaries occurring after these cancers may be particularly informative about possible common genetic mechanisms in both of these cancers. We have studied the incidence of thyroid tumours occurring after cancer in childhood in a cohort of 592 children treated before 1970. Among these children, six later developed a thyroid carcinoma, and 18 developed a thyroid adenoma. Radiation doses received to the thyroid by each of the irradiated children have been estimated using individual radiotherapeutic technical records. Thyroid carcinomas and thyroid adenomas were five times more frequent after irradiation for neuroblastoma than after irradiation for any other first cancer. This ratio did not depend on sex, nor on time elapsed since irradiation, nor on dose of radiation received for the thyroid gland. This result suggests that there is a common mechanism for the occurrence of neuroblastoma and of differentiated thyroid tumour.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Community-based evaluation survey of immunizations in Burkina Faso.

A cluster sample survey was conducted in January 1989 in 3 provinces of Burkina Faso to evaluate an immunization programme (based on two contacts, providing inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine plus DPT) that had been launched in 1982-84. The objectives were to estimate neonatal tetanus (NNT) mortality and poliomyelitis prevalence in the study area. The target population (using the same sample of households comprised 2107 live infants born during the preceding year for the NNT survey, and 17,154 children aged 0-9 years for the poliomyelitis survey. The NNT mortality rate was 3.3 per 1000 live births, and the poliomyelitis prevalence rate was 2.8 per 1000 children aged 5-9 years. Dates of onset of poliomyelitis cases among children aged 0-9 years and the numbers of children at risk during the 10-year recall period, reconstituted with demographic indicators taken from standardized life-tables, were used to calculate the incidence rates of poliomyelitis. These rates could be compared in the 5-year period preceding the survey, and showed a decreasing trend consistent with routine surveillance data.

Burkina Faso↗
PubMed1991

5-Fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cisplatin as treatment for adrenal cortical carcinoma.

Fourteen patients with progressive metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma were treated with a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin, and cisplatin (FAP). All had a large tumor burden. Six patients had a hormone-producing tumor; mitotane treatment was given to five of them during chemotherapy for its possible antihormonal effects. Treatment could be evaluated in 13 patients. The overall response rate was 23% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5% to 54%). A complete remission, which lasted for 42 months, was achieved in one patient. Partial remissions, which lasted for 6 and 11 months, were achieved in two patients. Cardiotoxicity appeared in three patients, myelotoxicity in four, and nephrotoxicity in one. This confirms that this regimen is an active combination for the treatment of metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma.

Adolescent↗