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Biomedical subjects

M Schlaak

Publications and source records attributed to M Schlaak.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Immunologic parameters in lung tuberculosis].

In patients with pulmonary tuberculosis serum immunoglobulin levels are found to be increased, quantitative deviations from the norm are observed on analysis of the mononuclear cells, there is an increase in the number of circulating immune complexes, and, in the event of extensive pulmonary involvement, an attenuation of cell-mediated cutaneous reactions is seen. In accordance with the chronic course of the disease, a return to normalcy of these parameters in the healing phase occurs only gradually.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1990

[Initial results of a controlled study of small cell and squamous epithelial bronchial cancer: polychemotherapy and interferons].

We investigated a combination of polychemotherapy with beta- and gamma-interferon in patients with small cell and squamous cell bronchial carcinoma. Immunological monitoring was designed to detect systemic and local immunomodulatory effects of interferon therapy. Small cell carcinoma was treated every three weeks with adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine, squamous cell carcinoma was treated every three weeks with mitomycin, vindesine and ifosfamide. In one group of patients polychemotherapy was combined with beta- and gamma-interferon. In the event of no change or tumour progression cisplatin and etoposide were administered. In the case of PR and CR the initial schedule was continued. Treatment was stopped on achieving CR after 6 cycles, or in the case of no response. To date, 40 patients have been evaluated. Results indicate a slight increase in the response rate in patients with small cell carcinoma, extensive disease, in the interferon group, and an unchanged response rate in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Besides the common "flu-like" symptoms there was considerable myelosuppression in patients under additional interferon therapy. In the interferon group we found measurable gamma-interferon serum levels, an increase in the spontaneous production of IL 2 by peripheral lymphocytes, and an increase in the spontaneous production of IL 1 and an in the phagocytic capacity of monocytes. In contrast, alveolar macrophages as part of local immunity show a decrease in the spontaneous and LPS-induced production of IL-1.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

[Atypical mycobacterioses: diseases caused by Mycobacterium malmoense].

M. malmoense, once a rarity among the atypical mycobacterial infections, is presently being detected with ever greater frequency in human examination material. Strains of this organism apparently belong to the facultative pathogenic mycobacteria, as the cases described in this article show. Apart from other patients with mycobacterial infections of the lungs, the first case of infection of the lymph nodes in the neck is described.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Exogenous allergic asthma following pectin exposure--a new occupational allergen].

In a 51-year-old male worker, workplace-related dyspnoea in the sense of bronchial asthma, was observed. On the basis of the medical history, the results of serology, inhalatory provocation and histamine release tests, despite a negative skin test, pectins were established to be the precipitating substances; in experiments on animals (Wistar rats), the instillation of pectins led to the development of bronchiolitis. An exogenous, allergic asthma following exposure to pectin may be considered to have been proven.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

[Increased serum IgE concentration in lung tuberculosis].

In about one-half of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, elevations of the IgE serum concentrations are found which, under anti-tuberculous therapy, reveal a tendency to regress. Aetiologically, in addition to an unspecific B-cell activation, a specific reaction of the immune system may be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Detection of pulmonary hypertension in patients with local circumscribed scleroderma].

In three patients with local circumscribed sclerodermia (duration of the disorder 6 months to 3 years), a latent or manifest pulmonary hypertension of the precapillary type in the presence of otherwise unremarkable lung function, radiological and ergometric data, was observed. The pulmonary involvement in this disease would appear to have a relatively early onset.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Monocyte long-term cultivation on microvascular endothelial cell monolayers: morphologic and phenotypic characterization and comparison with monocytes cultured on tissue culture plastic.

Human monocytes were cultured on monolayers of a newly established microvascular endothelial cell strain. As compared to monocytes cultured on plastic, these endothelium-"derived" monocytes (EDM) showed distinct morphology, higher motility, and different antigen-expression pattern for several surface markers, as detected by cytofluorimetry. The MO-1- and the Leu-M1-marker were maintained on EDMs while they were lost on plastic-cultured cells. The MAX 1-26-termed markers failed to increase on EDMs, in contrast to plastic-cultured monocytes. For seven additional markers, expression after two weeks in vitro was higher on EDMs than on plastic-cultured monocytes. Functionally EDMs showed typical monocyte/macrophage behavior and were easily removable from the culture system for further experimentation. Our data suggest that monocytes cultured on microvascular endothelial cells are maintained for several weeks in a more physiologic state than monocytes cultured on plastic.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against allergen components].

Monoclonal antibodies are useful tools for characterizing components causing type I allergy. Three aspects in production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies are discussed: 1. production of monoclonal antibodies raised against a special allergen of rye pollen extract. 2. investigation of monoclonal antibodies raised against peptide fragments of ovalbumin, 3. analysis of epitopes on allergenic components of timothy pollen extracts. The results indicate that monoclonal antibodies raised against certain allergens are useful for isolation of allergenic components and epitope mapping.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Use of monoclonal antibodies in allergy research--chance of a further development?].

In diagnostics and therapy of allergic diseases preparations of natural origin are mainly used. Standardizing these products monoclonal antibodies could play an important role. Furthermore, for monoclonal antibodies there is an analytical approach measuring allergen pollution, but also the possibility to use the antibodies modified in a therapeutic way or as an aid to raise monoclonal antibodies with certain properties (e.g. affinity).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Aspergillus fumigatus: evaluations of the standardization of diagnostic extracts].

Extracts of Aspergillus fumigatus used for serodiagnosis of allergic diseases are of unknown and nonstandardized composition. Applying immunoprint technique subsequent to isoelectric focusing commercial and self-prepared extracts are compared. By use of an ABPA-pool serum and monoclonal antibodies recognizing antigens of this fungus, different immunological reactivities of the extracts can be demonstrated. It is suggested to use monoclonal antibodies as secondary standards as well as to improve standardization.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Monoclonal antibodies in allergy research].

Allergen-specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) are of growing importance in allergen standardization, especially in setting up assays to measure quantitatively allergen content in therapeutic extracts and to establish secondary standards. MoAb are useful in measuring allergenic indoor pollution and in monitoring allergen clearance in cases of recommended allergen avoidance. In applied research MoAb are valuable tools in allergen purification providing primary standards. As a source for developing MoAb of the second generation they open new perspectives.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

[Extrinsic allergic alveolitis: IgG subclass reactivities and monoclonal antibodies against Micropolyspora faeni and Aspergillus fumigatus].

IgG-subclass reactivities to Micropolyspora faeni of farmer's lung patients and exposed persons were investigated. Additionally, specific IgG and IgE antibodies of patients suffering from IgE-mediated allergy and extrinsic allergic alveolitis to Aspergillus fumigatus and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) were examined. Antibody reactivities of patients were compared with reactivities of monoclonal antibodies raised against M. faeni and A. fumigatus, respectively. The results indicate a special importance of specific IgG2 reactivity for serologic diagnosis. Monoclonal antibodies raised against M. faeni and A. fumigatus recognize components which induce antibody production in patients as well. Reactivities of monoclonal antibodies with different batches of A. fumigatus extract show the variability of these antigen preparations and illustrate the need for standardization.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1989

[Immunoprint technic: a new method for planned production of allergen-specific monoclonal antibodies].

Working on the isolation of allergens from crude pollen extracts we were looking for a simple method to produce monoclonal antibodies (mab) specific for a major allergen of cultivated rye (S. cereale) with an isoelectric point (pl) of 5.9. We used immunization with allergen isolated from nitrocellulose blots. Allergen was obtained by isoelectric focusing (IEF) of a rye pollen extract followed by immunoprint and detection of allergen bound to nitrocellulose by a monoclonal antibody (mab). Fusion with myeloma cell line P3X63Ag8.U1 led to production of 7 different mab specific for the protein with pl 5.9. The method seems to be a simple way to produce mab specific for a certain component of a crude protein mixture as a pollen extract.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

[Farmer's lung: IgG-subclass reactivities against thermophilic actinomycetes].

IgG subclass reactivities of patients suffering from farmer's lung, healthy family members and blood donors were tested for specific binding to Micropolyspora faeni extract by means of immunoblot techniques (IEF-Print, Western Blot). In patients' sera IgG1 and IgG2 had shown the strongest reactivities while IgG3- and IgG4-reactivities were not found in all cases. Strong IgG2-reactivities against acidic proteins (pl 3-5) of M. faeni seem to distinguish between patients and exposed or not exposed controls, respectively.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1989

[Determination of immunologic parameters in patients with lung tuberculoses of various stages with special reference to serum IgE concentration].

In patients with lung tuberculosis--depending on the severity of the disease--delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction is weakened, also in cases of non-miliary tuberculosis. On analysing the mononuclear cells of peripheral blood, abnormalities are found, in particular an increase in the monocyte count. In addition to increasing levels of serum immunoglobulin A and G, circulating immune complexes were detected in 50% of the patients. In 50% of the patients we found elevated IgE-serum levels, which decreased in response to treatment but did not return to normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Analysis of rye pollen (Secale cereale) allergens using patients' IgE, immunoprint, Western Blot and monoclonal antibodies.

Rye pollen (Secale cereale) was investigated by Immunoprint and Western Blot analysis. Using Immunoprint, more than 30 proteins could be shown to be allergens in terms of their IgE binding, and 9 were determined as major allergens. In Western Blot 17 allergens were discovered, 3 of them major allergens. 4 monoclonal antibodies raised against a pollen extract of 6 grasses showed cross-reactivity to rye pollen, thus indicating common epitopes. 1 of 3 monoclonal antibodies produced against an extract of rye pollen was only reacting to this pollen. Looking at the overall binding pattern of the 7 monoclonal antibodies, they showed partial identity to patients' IgE in Immunoprint and Western Blot. The possibility of defining epitopes using preparative isoelectric focusing and monoclonal antibodies is discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

[Intragastric provocation and antigen-induced in vitro histamine liberation by the food additive E 102].

Adverse reactions to tartrazine have been known since 1958. The mechanism of this reaction, a not IgE-mediated, anaphylactoid reaction, is not fully understood. The demonstration of this adverse reaction by provocative challenge feeding may be problematic by a score of subjective symptoms because of the placebo effect. This report deals with the intragastral provocation under endoscopic control with tartrazine and tartrazine-induced histamine release in vitro from gastric mucosa and from blood. Two patients with anamnestically suspected adverse reactions to tartrazine were studied. Correspondence of in vivo and in vitro testing with tartrazine could be demonstrated.

Azo Compounds↗