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Biomedical subjects

M Schiff

Publications and source records attributed to M Schiff.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The temporal and pathological significance of perfusion failure following renal transplantation.

Serial dynamic studies with 99mTc-DTPA are a useful method of monitoring renal transplants. Radionuclide images obtained within 24 hours after surgery and at regular intervals thereafter can identify pathological conditions. The decline or absence of perfusion, coupled with the elapsed time following surgery, can be used to differentiate vascular occlusion or hyperacute rejection from acute rejection, acute tubular necrosis, or accelerated or chronic rejection. 99mTc-pyrophosphate can be used to simultaneously evaluate transplant function and locate possible aseptic necrosis of bone. Both studies are noninvasive and have been performed safely on numerous occasions over a period of several years.

Angiography↗
PubMed1975

Rejection episodes and patient and graft survival after renal transplantation.

The occurrence of acute rejection episodes following renal transplantation was correlated with one-year patient mortality and graft failure rates in a series of 102 consecutive transplant recipients. Twenty-one patients had two or more rejection episodes in the first two months post transplantation; 17 of these expired or lost their kidney compared to only 5 of 28 patients with no rejection episodes in this time period. Similarly, of the 14 patients who developed a second rejection episode 2--6 months post transplantation, 8 died or lost the graft compared to only 2 of 21 patients who had no rejection episodes in this time period. Thus, the development of a second rejection episode early after transplantation necessitating treatment with high dose prednisone therapy carries an ominous prognosis and suggests that serious consideration must be given to graft removal and subsequent retransplantation.

Cell Biology↗
PubMed1975

Influence of rejection on graft survival after renal transplantation.

The clinical course was reviewed of 102 renal allograft recipients between December 1967 and December 1973. Only 4 of 21 patients (19 per cent) who had 2 or more episodes of rejection during the first 2 months had a functioning graft at the end of 1 year, compared to 24 of 30 patients (83 per cent) who had no rejection episodes. A similar trend was seen 2 to 6 months after transplantation. During the first 2 years vigorous immunosuppressive therapy for rejection in the first few months resulted in 12 deaths (44 per cent) of 27 patients. Subsequent to this immunosuppressive therapy was modified and grafts were removed if there was not a prompt recovery of function after treatment, which resulted in a significant decrease in mortality rate to 16 per cent. There also was improvement in the over-all survival of patients with functioning grafts from 37 to 56 per cent. Serious complications and mortality could be related to high dosage of steroids and severe leukopenia. A white blood count of less than 1,000 m m.3 on 3 successive days was associated with a mortality rate of 52 per cent, compared to 15 per cent in those without leukopenia. Serious consideration should be given to early graft removal in patients who have 2 or more episodes of rejection in the first few months after transplantation, particularly when there is not a prompt improvement in renal function after immunosuppressive therapy. High doses of steroids (greater than 1 mg. per kg. for more than 26 days during the first 60 days) should be avoided to decrease morbidity and mortality rates from serious infections. The results of histocompatibility (HL-A) matching in 72 donor-recipient pairs indicated an improved graft survival when there was a match of 2 or more antigens, which is supported by the results recently reported by the Transplant Registry. The results of mixed lymphocyte reactions in 20 live donor-recipient pairs showed a marked improvement in graft survival when there was less than 20 per cent stimulation and it appeared that this reaction was of more important prognostic significance than the results of histocompatibility (HL-A) matching in these patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1971

Human auditory attention: a central or peripheral process?

The click-evoked electrical responses of the human cochlear nerve were recorded from the external ear canal concurrently with the cortical evoked potentials from the scalp. Paying attention to the clicks during a discrimination task resulted in a highly significant enhancement of the cortical response but no change in the cochlear nerve response. Hence no evidence was obtained for the operation of a peripheral gating mechanism during attention in man.

Action Potentials↗