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Biomedical subjects

M Sawicki

Publications and source records attributed to M Sawicki.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A comparative study of two nutrient data bases.

Reported dietary intake records of 18 infants, 22 young children, and 20 women were analyzed using the nutrient data base systems of the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II) and the Nutrient Dietary Data Analysis (NDDA) System. Significant differences between the nutrient data bases were found in the calculations of potassium and niacin for infants and of energy and nine nutrients for women and children. The energy and nutrient composition of many commonly consumed food items in the two nutrient data base systems was different, even though the systems shared common data sources. Differences in the nutrient data bases were primarily due to the timing of data base updates, as well as to the differential use of industry, private, and government food analysis sources, procedural differences in data base updating, and random data entry error. Resolution of differences among nutrient data base systems may depend upon comprehensive reviews of all data base systems or the establishment of a national nutrient data base to serve as a standard for the professional.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Dietary assessment of pregnant adolescents participating in a supplemental-food program.

We analyzed the energy-, nutrient- and food-intake patterns of pregnant adolescents before and during participation in a supplemental-food program. The dietary data on the pregnant adolescents were compared to those on older pregnant women and non-pregnant adolescents. Weight gain per trimester, hemoglobin and hematocrit values were reported. In general, the mean energy and nutrient values calculated from the diets of diet-supplemented, low-income pregnant adolescents as compared to other groups from the same area were not significantly different; however, the values calculated as a percentage of the recommended daily allowances (RDA) were significantly higher for the other groups. Mean weight gain per trimester for all the pregnant groups was within the recommended ranges. Mean hemoglobin and hematocrit values were within normal limits and comparable to values reported in other studies. The energy and nutrient values for the diets of the supplemented group were less than the RDA for several nutrients. However, when compared to the findings of most earlier studies, the mean values were greater.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Energy and nutrient calculations using an Optical Character Reader system.

A new application of the Optical Character Reader (OCR) system for dietary data tabulation has been presented. Comparison of the reproducibility of energy and nutrient values, when hand calculation, on-line computer, and OCR methods of calculation are used, revealed no significant differences. The OCR system increased turn-around time for obtaining results, but use of a clinician's time was greatly reduced in comparison to either the hand calculation or the on-line computer method. Once the initial investment for an OCR system had been made, a significant reduction was realized in the cost of a clinician's time used for energy and nutrient calculations. When the factors of reproducibility, time, and cost were considered, this study found the OCR method for dietary calculations as acceptable as either hand calculation or on-line computer methods. Clinicans using the OCR or hand calculation method did not need computer facilities, but computer keyboard terminals were required for the on-line method.

Computers↗
PubMed1981

Dietary assessment of pregnant women in a supplemental food program.

A sample of the WIC population in Illinois during FY 1978 was surveyed by using a 24-hour dietary recall system developed at a midwestern university. The reported dietary intakes of pregnant women who were visiting a WIC clinic for the first time were compared with those of women who had already been using WIC supplemental foods for at least six months. Reported dietary intakes were analyzed for nutrient consumption in terms of RDA, nutrient density of the diets, and frequency of use of specific WIC-approved foods. This study demonstrated that those pregnant women participating in the WIC supplemental food program had significantly higher intakes of nutrients and energy than those not participating in the WIC program. When kilocalories were controlled for, there was no significant difference in the nutrient composition of the diets reported by the two groups. The reported diets did not become more nutrient dense with receipt of the WIC food package, although the WIC participants did use more of the WIC-approved foods.

Dietary Services↗