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Biomedical subjects

M Sawada

Publications and source records attributed to M Sawada.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Clinical studies on endometrial cancer].

One hundred and fifty-two cases with endometrial carcinoma were treated in our clinic between 1973 and 1985. The average age was 55.89 years, and the age range was from 29 to 76 years. Thirty-six cases (23.7%) were nulligravidas and 42 cases (27.6%) were nulliparas. One hundred and ten cases (72.4%) were postmenopausal and the average age at menopause was 49.1 years. The most frequent chief complaint was atypical genital bleeding which was noted in 128 cases (84.2%). The result of a cytologic examination of the uterine cervix was positive in 50.7% and suspicious in 16.9% but results for the endometrium were positive in 63% and suspicious in 21.9%. The cases in this study were classified into 88 cases (57.9%) of T1a, 36 cases (23.7%) of T1b, 12 cases (7.9%) of T2, 3 cases (2.0%) of T3 and 1 case (0.7%) of T4. As to the postoperative diagnosis, there were classified into 86 cases (56.6%) of pT1a, 30 cases (19.7%) of pT1b, 19 cases (12.5%) of pT2, 10 cases (6.6%) of pT3 and 5 cases (3.3%) of pT4. Histopathologically almost all 140 cases (91.41%) were of adenocarcinoma and classified into 88 cases (57.9%) of G1, 39 cases (25.7%) of G2 and 13 cases (8.6%) of G3. The cumulative survival rates after Kaplan-Meier were 95% in pT1a cases, 75.6% in pT1b cases, 67.3% in pT2 cases, 42.2% in pT3 cases and 0% in pT4 cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Effects of thyrotropin releasing hormone and its analogue, DN 1417, on biopterin concentration and tryptophan hydroxylation in rat raphe slices.

The effects of subchronic administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and its analogue, gamma-butyrolactone-gamma-carbonyl-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide citrate (DN 1417), on serotonin biosynthesis in situ were investigated in tissue slices of the midbrain raphe of rats. TRH or DN 1417 (10 mg/kg per day intraperitoneally) were administered to male Wistar rats for ten days. At twenty four hr after the last injection, tissue slices of the midbrain raphe were prepared and the rate of serotonin biosynthesis was estimated by measuring formation of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) from tryptophan during inhibition of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Total biopterin content was determined by a specific radioimmunoassay. 5-HTP formation was decreased 22% and 29%, and total biopterin content 69% and 72%, in TRH- and DN 1417-treated rats, respectively. However, tryptophan concentration in raphe slices did not change. In contrast, the Vmax of tryptophan hydroxylase in the homogenate of the raphe nucleus in the presence of a saturating concentration of (6R)-L-erythro-tetrahydrobiopterin, the naturally occurring pterin cofactor, was significantly increased after repeated administration of TRH or DN 1417. These results indicate that reduction of in situ serotonin biosynthesis in tissue slices from the rats treated with TRH or DN 1417 subchronically contray to the increase in in vitro tryptophan hydroxylase may result from the decrease of the biopterin cofactor, and that changes in concentrations of the biopterin cofactor may play a regulatory role in serotonin biosynthesis in vivo under certain conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunosuppressive acidic protein in true histiocytic lymphoma.

Serum immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) was determined in patient with true histiocytic lymphoma. The change of serum level of IAP correlated well with the clinical course, i.e., increased at relapse and decreased during remission. Immunohistochemistry showed IAP was present in the cytoplasms of normal granulocytes and histiocytes but not in neoplastic histiocytes.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Changes in superoxide radical and lipid peroxide formation in the brain, heart and liver during the lifetime of the rat.

The free radical theory of aging was examined by measuring the formation of superoxide radical (SOR) and the level of lipid peroxides in various tissues of the aging rat. A significant increase in SOR production was seen in mitochondria prepared from the brain and the heart as rats aged. An elevation in the level of lipid peroxidation was also found in whole tissue homogenates of the brain and the liver. Vitamin E concentrations in the blood rose rapidly in young rats and remained steady except for a non significant drop in old animals. These results suggest that age-related degeneration of various tissues in the rat may be due to a rise in free radical production in the mitochondria.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Cytogenetic studies on 1,1-dichloroethylene and its two isomers in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo.

Chromosomal aberration and sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) tests in vitro on 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE), its two isomers, cis- and trans-1,2-DCE, and two possible metabolites of 1,1-DCE, chloroacetyl chloride and chloroacetic acid, were carried out using a Chinese hamster cell line, CHL. 1,1-DCE induced chromosomal aberrations in the presence of S9 mix prepared from the rat liver, but not in the absence of S9 mix. SCEs were also slightly induced by 1,1-DCE only in the presence of S9 mix. On the other hand, two isomers and two metabolites of 1,1-DCE induced neither chromosomal aberrations nor SCEs with and without S9 mix. 1,1-DCE, however, was negative even at a sublethal dose in the micronucleus test using mouse bone marrow, fetal liver and blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunosuppressive acidic protein in patients with testicular cancer.

Serum immunosuppressive acidic protein was compared to lactic dehydrogenase as a marker for testicular cancer in 54 patients with testicular cancer, 62 with benign urological diseases and 203 healthy controls. The mean value of serum immunosuppressive acidic protein in patients with testicular cancer (598 +/- 293 micrograms. per ml.) was statistically higher than that in patients with benign disease (429 +/- 163 micrograms. per ml.) and healthy controls (368 +/- 73 micrograms. per ml.). There were statistically significant differences in serum immunosuppressive acidic protein levels between controls and patients with stage 2 (p less than 0.0001) or stage 3 (p less than 0.001) testicular cancer, and between those with stage 1 and stage 2 (p less than 0.0001) or stage 3 (p less than 0.001) disease, respectively. The usefulness of immunosuppressive acidic protein as a marker for testicular cancer also was compared to that of lactic dehydrogenase. Immunosuppressive acidic protein and lactic dehydrogenase levels were elevated almost equally in patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (range 71 to 92 per cent). However, immunosuppressive acidic protein levels were elevated in only 3 of 25 patients with stage 1 cancer (12 per cent), compared to 11 of 25 (44 per cent) with elevated lactic dehydrogenase levels. Immunosuppressive acidic protein was correlated better with tumor stage. In conclusion, serum immunosuppressive acidic protein determinations may be useful in patients with testicular cancer for staging, monitoring treatment results and predicting recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Association between lipid peroxidation and life-modifying factors in rotifers.

The rate of lipid peroxidation (LP) was measured in rotifers reared under conditions of continuous darkness (D:D), dietary restriction, vitamin E supplementation, or elevated temperatures. D:D, diet restriction, and vitamin E supplementation increased life span and caused a significant decline in LP; elevated temperatures decreased life span and increased LP. The addition of physiological levels of malonaldehyde, a product of LP, did not alter life span. The dietary uptake of Paramecia, the food source for rotifers, did not change under the conditions of D:D, vitamin E supplementation, and elevated temperatures. These results suggest that the LP process is inversely related to longevity in the rotifer and that it appears to be involved in the aging process.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Tyrosine hydroxylase, tryptophan hydroxylase, biopterin, and neopterin in the brains of normal controls and patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

The activities of tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase, and the concentrations of the biopterin cofactor and the precursor neopterin were measured in 14 regions of postmortem brains from four histologically verified patients of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) and eight histologically normal controls. Neopterin concentrations were measured in the human brain for the first time. The activities of tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase in the brains of patients with SDAT were significantly reduced in the substantia nigra and in the lateral segment of the globus pallidus, locus ceruleus, and substantia nigra, respectively. The concentrations of total biopterin in the brains of patients with SDAT were significantly reduced in the putamen and substantia nigra, but the total neopterin concentrations did not change significantly. These results suggest that the reduction in biogenic amines in SDAT might be related to reductions in biosynthetic enzymes associated with biogenic amines, due to destruction of monoaminergic neurons.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Malignant lymphomas in patients with autoimmune diseases: a report of 6 cases and a review of the Japanese literature.

Six patients with malignant lymphomas in autoimmune diseases are described. Four patients who had Sjögren's syndrome (SS) alone or with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the B cell type. One patient who had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed a B cell lymphoma. Another patient with chronic thyroiditis (ChTD) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) had a T cell (OKT3/T4) lymphoma. In 5 patients, the autoimmune diseases (2SS, SS/PSS, SS/RA and SLE) preceded B cell lymphomas by one to 11 years. In the patient with ChTD/ITP, ChTD and a malignant lymphoma were found simultaneously. A review of Japanese reports on lymphoproliferative disorders associated with these autoimmune diseases is given. This report offers the suggestion that disorders in the immunoregulatory system caused by autoimmune diseases may predispose lymphoproliferative disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Forskolin mimics the dopamine-induced K+ conductance increase in identified neurons of Aplysia kurodai.

The ionic mechanism of the effect of micropressure ejection of dopamine (DA) and forskolin on the membranes of identified inhibition of long duration (ILD) neurons of Aplysia kurodai was investigated with conventional voltage-clamp and ion-substitution techniques. Ejection of DA and forskolin onto the neuropil of the ILD neuron produced a slow outward current (5-20 nA in amplitude; 10-60s in duration) associated with a conductance increase. The outward currents induced by DA and forskolin were consistently a linear function of the holding potential, reversing near the predicted potassium equilibrium potential (-80 mV), and were sensitive to changes in the concentration of extracellular K+ but not to extracellular Cl-. Bath-applied isobutylmethylxanthine (50 microM) prolonged the outward current induced by both DA and forskolin, but imidazole (5 mM) had an opposite effect on these currents. Tolbutamide (1-5 mM), a protein kinase inhibitor, reduced the current induced by both DA and forskolin. A antagonist for DA receptors in molluscan neuron, ergometrine maleate, (10 microM) completely abolished the outward current induced by DA, but the current induced by forskolin persisted in the presence of the DA-antagonist. Guanosine 5'O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDP beta S, 5-10 microM), an analogue of GDP inhibited the outward current induced by both DA and forskolin. These results suggest that dopamine acts on the ILD neurons of Aplysia kurodai by increasing K+ conductance. Forskolin can mimic the DA action, suggesting that the effect of dopamine is mediated by increased intracellular cAMP.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1987

Sensation of thirst in normal and laryngectomized man.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the larynx in sensation of thirst and to identify precise areas responsible for the sensation in normal and laryngectomized groups. The present analysis showed that the laryngectomized group was less aware of the sensation and less able to localize it than the normal group. Both groups localized the sensation from the base of the tongue to the larynx as well as in the pharynx.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Differences in drinking behavior between normal and laryngectomized man.

The properties of drinking in normal and laryngectomized groups were examined. Drinking associated with meals was more frequent in the 76 young and 37 older normal subjects than the 25 laryngectomized persons. The laryngectomized group preferred tea and coffee to water to alleviate thirst sensation, while such a preference was hardly seen in either normal group. Results suggest that the larynx may contribute not only to thirst sensation but may be associated with preference in drinking.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Studies on the metabolism of Inabenfide (a new plant growth regulator) in rats. I. Characterization of metabolites in rats.

1. The metabolism of 4'-chloro-2'-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl) isonicotinanilide (Inabenfide, IBF) was studied in the rat. After intraperitoneal administration of IBF to rats, eight metabolites were detected in urine by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry and a stable isotope technique. 2. The major metabolites were hydroxylated IBF, and minor metabolites were dihydrodiol IBF, methylated catechol IBF, IBF ketone, IBF N-oxide and an amine derivative. 3. Of these metabolites, IBF ketone was produced by oxidation of the carbinol between the benzene rings, which is an interesting metabolite since similar oxidation between benzene rings is not well known. 4. Metabolism involving an NIH shift of chlorine and an epoxide-diol pathway for IBF are presented.

Animals↗