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Biomedical subjects

M Saunders

Publications and source records attributed to M Saunders.

176 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
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A review of studies of the socio-familial backgrounds and educational facilities of the homes of moderately educationally subnormal children.

A search of the literature indicates the paucity of information on the backgrounds of ESN(m) children, despite the important contribution made by the home to the cognitive development and educational achievement of the children. The information that is available tends to support the notion of a syndrome of familial moderate educational subnormality. Evidence from one investigation points to certain ethnic differences which may be important in any programme of intervention.

Adolescent↗
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Gabapentin (Neurontin) as add-on therapy in patients with partial seizures: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The International Gabapentin Study Group.

A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluated the efficacy and safety of gabapentin (Neurontin, GBP) as add-on therapy in 272 patients with refractory partial seizures who were receiving one to two standard antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Efficacy assessments compared the frequency of partial seizures during the 12-week treatment phase (T) and the 12-week baseline period (B). The primary analysis compared data for patients receiving GBP 900 mg/day with placebo; the GBP 1,200-mg/day group provided dose-response data. Efficacy criteria were percentage of change in seizure frequency (PCH), responder rate (percentage of patients with > or = 50% reduction in seizure frequency), and response ratio, where RRatio = (T-B)/(T + B). Median PCH was -21.8% in the 900-mg/day group and -17.8% in the 1,200-mg/day group as compared with -0.3% in the placebo group. Responder rate was 22.9% in the 900-mg/day group and 10.1% in the placebo group (p = 0.020, Fisher's exact test). Adjusted mean RRatio was -0.136 in the 900-mg/day group and -0.025 in the placebo group (p = 0.0046, analysis of variance ANOVA). Results showed slightly greater improvement for the 1,200-mg/day than for the 900-mg/day group (RRatio = -0.157, responder rate 28.0%). Adverse events (AE) occurred in 69% of patients in the 900-mg/day group and in 64% in the 1,200-mg/day group as compared with 52% in patients receiving placebo as add-on therapy. The most frequent AE among patients treated with GBP were somnolence, dizziness, and fatigue. Clinical laboratory evaluations showed no clinically important trends and no evidence of hepatic or hematopoietic effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetates↗
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Audiovestibular system, fifth and seventh cranial nerve involvement in leprosy.

Thirty-nine patients with leprosy and fifteen sex- and age-matched controls were investigated for disorders of the fifth and seventh cranial nerves and that of the audiovestibular system. Sensorineural hearing loss found to be of cochlear origin was detected in eight (22%) of the patients with leprosy compared to none in the control group (p > 0.05). Vestibular dysfunction was noted in four patients (11.1%) compared to none in the control group (p < or = 0.05). Two cases were found to have fifth nerve involvement and one (2.8%) had seventh nerve involvement. None in the control group had fifth or seventh nerve deficit.

Adult↗
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Setting a new course.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Community Health Nursing↗
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The Sternotomy Hemopump. A second generation intraarterial ventricular assist device.

The first generation Hemopump is a VAD based on a catheter mounted intraarterial axial flow blood pump that is placed through the femoral artery. Blood is withdrawn from the left ventricle through a transvalvular inflow cannula and pumped into the aorta. Clinical trials have demonstrated hemodynamic efficacy, improved survival, and low hemolysis in cardiogenic shock. The incidence of non-insertion of the device and fracture of the flexible drive cable limited its utility, however. In addition, some processes used in pilot production could not be adapted to volume manufacturing. A second generation device, the Sternotomy Hemopump, has been developed for insertion through the ascending aorta. Design changes include a shortened inflow cannula, higher flow hydraulics, and a more durable flexible drive cable. In addition, more efficient manufacturing processes were implemented. In a pulsatile mock loop the flow was 5.7 L/min at 100 mmHg. In vivo experiments of up to 2 weeks demonstrated a mean plasma free hemoglobin of 8.7 mg/dl, minimal valve injury, and an acceptable incidence of renal infarction. In vitro endurance demonstrated a 7 day reliability of 99.9% with a 95% confidence. A new clinical trial will evaluate the use of the Sternotomy Hemopump for nonoxygenator support during aorto-coronary artery bypass surgery.

Animals↗