Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to M Satoh.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Accelerated radiotherapy for T1, 2 glottic carcinoma: analysis of results with KI-67 index.

PURPOSE: Hyperfractionated and accelerated radiotherapy without a split was performed to improve the local control probability of early glottic carcinomas. We analyzed the results of this regimen by using the Ki-67 index. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Over a 12-year period, 85 T1N0M0 glottic cancers and 50 T2N0M0 glottic cancers were treated with conventional fractionation (CF) from 1984 to 1989 and with accelerated fractionation (AF) since 1990. The CF program consisted of five daily fractions of 2 Gy per week, for a total of 64 Gy. The AF program consisted of 1.72 Gy per fraction, two fractions per day, 5 days a week, for a total of 55 or 58 Gy. The specimens, taken before radiotherapy, were immunohistochemically stained with anti-Ki-67 antibody. RESULTS: The 5-year local control probability for T1 tumors was 79.6 +/- 6.9% with CF treatment, whereas with AF it was 86.9 +/- 5.6%. For T2 tumors it was 62.7 +/- 12.2% with CF, whereas it was 74.7 +/- 7.8% with AF. The difference between CF and AF did not reach the point of statistical significance. However, when T1 tumors had a Ki-67 index lower than 50%, the local control rate achieved with AF was significantly better than that with CF (p = 0.018). When the tumors had a Ki-67 index that was 50% or more, there was no difference in the local control rate between CF and AF, whether they were T1 or T2. The peak mucosal reactions at the larynx and/or hypopharynx were much more severe and appeared at smaller doses and earlier in AF than in CF. The patients with AF showed no severe late complications. CONCLUSIONS: AF could not obtain statistically significant improvement in local control probability of T1 or T2 glottic carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Localization of calcitonin receptor mRNA in the mouse brain: coexistence with serotonin transporter mRNA.

To elucidate the sites of and mechanisms of analgesic effect of centrally injected calcitonin, we examined expression of calcitonin receptor mRNA in the mouse brain by in situ hybridization techniques. Calcitonin receptor mRNA was expressed in various brain regions, including the preoptic area, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, periaqueductal gray, dorsal raphe nucleus, locus coeruleus, lateral parabrachial nucleus, gigantocellular reticular nucleus alpha part, lateral paragigantocellular nucleus, raphe magnus nucleus and solitary tract nucleus, which are known to play important roles in pain modulation. In addition, a double in situ hybridization technique demonstrated the intense expression of calcitonin receptor mRNA on serotonergic neurons in some raphe nuclei and the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus, suggesting the involvement of central serotonergic pathways in analgesic effect of calcitonin.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Possible involvement of the locus coeruleus in inhibition by prostanoid EP(3) receptor-selective agonists of morphine withdrawal syndrome in rats.

We examined the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of prostanoid EP(3) receptor agonists on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent rats. Rats were rendered morphine dependent by subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation of two pellets containing 75 mg morphine for 5 days. Morphine withdrawal syndrome was precipitated by i.p. injection of naloxone (3 mg/kg). Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of (+/-)-15alpha-hydroxy-9-oxo-16-phenoxy-17,18, 19,20-tetranorprost-13-trans-enoic acid (M&B28,767: prostanoid EP(3) receptor agonist) or sulprostone (prostanoid EP(1)/EP(3) receptor agonist) significantly suppressed many withdrawal signs. Northern blotting and in situ hybridization studies revealed that i.c.v. administration of M&B28,767 (1 pg/rat) attenuated the elevation of c-fos mRNA during naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in many brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and locus coeruleus. Double in situ hybridization analysis revealed that in the locus coeruleus most of the tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA-positive neurons expressed mu-opioid receptor mRNA and more than half of these neurons were positive for prostanoid EP(3) receptor mRNA. These results indicate that the suppression by prostanoid EP(3) receptor agonists of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal syndrome can be attributed to the inhibition of neuronal activity in several brain regions, including the locus coeruleus, the largest source of central noradrenergic neurons.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed2000

Preparative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with agarose gels in the first dimension for high molecular mass proteins.

A two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) method that uses an agarose isoelectric focusing (IEF) gel in the first dimension (agarose 2-DE) was compared with an immobilized pH gradient 2-DE method (IPG-Dalt). The former method was shown to produce significant improvements in the 2-D electrophoretic separation of high molecular mass proteins larger than 150 kDa, up to 500 kDa, and to have a higher loading capacity, as much as 1.5 mg proteins in total for micropreparative runs. The extraction medium found best in this study for agarose 2-DE of mammal tissues was 6 M urea, 1 M thiourea, 0.5% 2-mercaptoethanol, protease inhibitor cocktail (Complete Mini EDTA-free), 1% Triton X-100 and 3% 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS). Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) treatment of the agarose gel after IEF is to be carefully weighed beforehand, because some high molecular mass proteins were less likely to enter the second-dimensional polyacrylamide gel after TCA fixation, and proteins such as mouse skeletal muscle actin gave pseudospots in the agarose 2-DE patterns without TCA fixation. As a good compromise we suggest fixation of proteins in the agarose gel with TCA for one hour or less. The first-dimensional agarose IEF gel containing Pharmalyte as a carrier ampholyte was 180 mm in length and 2.5-4.8 mm in diameter. The gel diameter was shown to determine the loading capacity of the agarose 2-DE, and 1.5 mg liver proteins in total were successfully separated by the use of a 4.8 mm diameter agarose gel.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Autoantibodies to DEK oncoprotein in human inflammatory disease.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the specificity of anti-DEK antibodies for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). METHODS: Anti-DEK autoantibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using affinity-purified his6-DEK fusion protein. Sera from 639 subjects (417 patients with systemic autoimmune disease, 13 with sarcoidosis, 44 with pulmonary tuberculosis, 125 with uveitis, and 6 with scleritis, and 34 healthy control subjects) were screened. Reactivity was verified by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation studies using baculovirus-expressed human DEK. RESULTS: Anti-DEK activity was found at the following frequencies: JRA 39.4% (n = 71), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 25.1% (n = 216), sarcoidosis 46.2% (n = 13), rheumatoid arthritis 15.5% (n = 71), systemic sclerosis 36.0% (n = 22), polymyositis 6.2% (n = 16), and adult Still's disease 0% (n = 21). Autoantibodies also were detected in 9.1% of tuberculosis sera (n = 44), but were undetectable in sera from the 34 healthy controls. Western blot and immunoprecipitation assay results correlated well with the ELISA findings. In general, levels of anti-DEK autoantibodies were higher in SLE than in other patient subsets, including JRA. CONCLUSION: Anti-DEK autoantibodies are less specific for JRA than previously believed. They are produced in association with a variety of inflammatory conditions, many of which are associated with granuloma formation and/or predominant Thl cytokine production. Anti-DEK antibodies may be a marker for a subset of autoimmunity associated with interferon-gamma production rather than a particular disease subset.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Decreased body temperature dependent appearance of behavioral despair in the forced swimming test in mice.

Effects of body temperature on the immobile response and brain glucose metabolism were examined in the forced swimming test in mice. The first experiment was performed to study behavior, after initial periods of vigorous activity, a characteristic immobile posture occurred when the water was 25 and 35 degrees C. However, several minutes after forced swimming at 25 degrees C, significantly decreased spontaneous motility occurred in a time-dependent manner, but no changes was observed at 35 degrees C. Our interpretation was that mechanisms of acquisition and retention of the forced swim-induced immobile response differed. Body temperature was also significantly decreased at 25 degrees C but not at 35 degrees C in the forced swimming test. This lowering of body temperature almost paralleled the immobile response. The second experiment was a biochemical study in which the uptake of [(14)C] 2-deoxy-d-glucose into the brain significantly decreased after forced swimming at 25 degrees C but did not change in the forced swim loaded mice when the water was 35 degrees C. These results suggested two types of immobile mechanisms in the forced swimming test: (1) an early phase acquisition of the immobile response which might be related to adaptive response and (2) a late phase to retain the immobile response which might be related to the decrease in brain glucose metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Assessment of renal toxicity by analysis of regeneration of tubular epithelium in rats given low-dose cadmium chloride or cadmium-polluted rice for 22 months.

To determine whether low-dose oral administration of cadmium (Cd) induces renal toxicity, six groups of female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a diet containing low amounts of CdCl2 or Cd-polluted rice at concentrations up to 40 ppm, and were killed after 12, 18, and 22 months (experiment 1). In addition to the determination of cortical Cd levels and histopathological assessment of kidneys, labeling indices (LIs) for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the renal cortical tubular epithelium of Cd-treated rats were determined as a measure of regenerative activity. For comparison, the kidneys of rats given diets containing small to large amounts of CdCl2 up to 600 ppm for 4 months were similarly examined (experiment 2). Animals in experiment 1 demonstrated spontaneous chronic nephropathy and fluctuation in the tubular PCNA LI, but these findings were not correlated with renal Cd levels at 22 months. PCNA LI on the other hand, appeared to be linked to the severity of chronic nephropathy. In experiment 2, levels of CdCl2 of 200 ppm or more clearly induced degeneration and apoptosis of proximal tubules with high correlations between renal Cd levels, PCNA LI, and the severity of tubular degeneration. The results demonstrated that, in contrast to high-dose Cd administration, treatment with 40 ppm or less for 22 months did not influence tubular regeneration as a component of nonspecific chronic nephropathy, suggesting that long-term oral administration of low levels of Cd does not injure renal tubules in female rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The immunohistochemical localization of Fas and Fas ligand in jaw bone and tooth germ of human fetuses.

The cellular localization and roles of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and apoptosis-associating factors in human orofacial development remain unclear. In this study, BMP-2, osteocalcin, and TGF-beta, which are bone-differentiating markers, apoptosis-associating factors (i.e., Bcl-2, Bax, Fas, and Fas ligand), apoptotic cells detected by the in situ 3'-end labeling method (TUNEL), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were immunohistochemically examined in the heads (in particular, the jaw bone and tooth germs) of human fetuses of 11-week pregnancy. BMP-2 was positive in osteoblasts and newly formed osteoid of the incisive and palatal bone of the maxilla and the mandible, which indicated that BMP-2 was exclusively involved in intramembranous ossification in the human fetal head. Fas was positive in the cytoplasm of osteocytes and a few osteoblasts. In contrast, Fas ligand was positive in the cytoplasm of osteoblasts and abundant in the stroma of the osteoblastic layer, periosteum, and perichondrium. The Fas ligand in the stroma was recognized as the soluble form, which was possibly produced by osteoblasts. TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were found in a few osteocytes and a few osteoblastic cells in new bone, and in monocytes of degenerate Meckel's cartilage. The induction of apoptosis observed in monocytes seems to be caused via a Fas-Fas ligand cell death system, because some of these monocytes were Fas-positive, and most of them were Fas ligand-positive. Interestingly, the abundant soluble Fas ligand observed in the periosteum probably protects the bone-formative zone from the invasion of the activated lymphocytes by binding to Fas expressing in these lymphocytes and killing these cells. Fas and Fas ligand were focally positive in the dental lamina and inner enamel epithelium and cusps of the enamel organ, nevertheless, the presence of TUNEL-positive cells was very rare. Bcl-2 was clearly and Bax was weakly positive in the cells throughout the dental lamina and enamel organ. These findings indicated that Fas-mediated apoptosis was inhibited by the Bcl-2 family in the development of teeth.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2000

Pigmented ameloblastic fibrodentinoma: a novel melanin-pigmented intraosseous odontogenic lesion.

This paper reports about an ameloblastic fibrodentinoma with macroscopically visible pigmentation, resulting in the clinical appearance of a melanotic lesion in a 21-year-old Japanese male. In addition to the characteristic histopathologic features of ameloblastic fibrodentinoma, various-formed and -sized cells, which were considered to be melanophages containing numerous aggregates of melanin pigment in their cytoplasm, were densely distributed throughout the mesenchymal component. In addition, melanin pigment was deposited in dentin. Some of the pigmented cells showed dendritic form and were regarded as melanocytes. Furthermore, pigmented cells were frequently distributed in the epithelial component, and melanin pigment was seen in some epithelial cells. Perusal of the English language literature revealed 30 cases of pigmented odontogenic tumors: 18 were calcifying odontogenic cysts, three were ameloblastic fibro-odontomas, three were adenomatoid odontogenic tumors, two were odontomas, one was an ameloblastic fibroma and one was an odontogenic fibroma. However, all of these reported lesions did not show macroscopically visible pigmentation. The possible histogenesis of melanocytes in the odontogenic lesions is discussed, although no firm conclusion could be drawn.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Characterization of the human nebulette gene: a polymorphism in an actin-binding motif is associated with nonfamilial idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) is characterized by a thin-walled heart with systolic dysfunction of unknown etiology. Because abnormalities in genes for cytoskeletal proteins related to Z-disc function have recently been reported to cause IDC, genomic organization of the gene for nebulette, a novel actin-binding Z-disc protein, was determined and its sequence variations were searched for in Japanese patients with IDC and healthy controls. The nebulette gene consists of 28 exons, and four sequence variations leading to amino acid replacement (Gln187His, Met351Val, Asn654Lys, and Thr728Ala) were identified in the patients. These variations were also found in the healthy controls and hence they were polymorphisms and not disease-specific mutations. Frequencies of Gln187His, Met351Val, and Thr728Ala variants were similar in the patients and controls. However, the frequency of homozygotes for Lys at codon 654, a variant at a relatively conserved residue in an actinbinding motif, was significantly increased in nonfamilial IDC patients (n=106) as compared with healthy control subjects (n=331) (7.54% vs 1.21%, OR=6.25, P=0.002, 95% CI=1.92-20.29), while this association was not found in familial IDC patients (n=24). These observations suggest that the nebulette polymorphism in the actin-binding motif was a novel genetic marker of susceptibility to nonfamilial IDC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Jejunal limb obstruction caused by a cholesterol stone 15 years after a total gastrectomy and 20 years after a cholecystectomy: report of a case.

We present herein the rare case of a 74-year-old woman found to have jejunal limb obstruction caused by a cholesterol stone 15 years after a total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y anastomosis, and 20 years after a cholecystectomy. The patient complained of repeated episodes of upper abdominal distress on three separate occasions over a period of 20 months, and jejunal limb obstruction was diagnosed by abdominal computed tomography scanning and (99m)Tc scintigraphy. Surgery revealed a stone incarcerated in the jejunal limb, where the anastomosis had become slightly stenotic. The removed stone was 3.5 cm in diameter and was subsequently demonstrated to be a cholesterol stone by chemical analysis. This report is thought to be the first to describe jejunal limb obstruction caused by a gallstone incarcerated in the jejunal limb after a total gastrectomy in a patient with a history of cholecystectomy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Ultracytochemical localization of Ca2+-ATPase activity in the endolymphatic sac of the chick.

The localization of Ca2+-ATPase activity was examined ultracytochemically in the endolymphatic sac (ES) of the 1-day-old chick. The reaction products showing Ca2+-ATPase activity were localized along the microvilli and the apical cell membranes of the epithelial cells of the ES. The lateral cell membranes also showed mild activity. These reactions were completely abolished when either Ca2+ or ATP was omitted from the incubation medium. The results suggest that Ca2+-ATPase plays a significant role as a Ca2+ pump for regulation of the Ca2+ concentration in the endolymph of the ES.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Age-related changes in the D-aspartic acid content of the teeth of the senescence-accelerated mouse.

It is known that D-aspartic acid increases with age in dentine. Here, age-related changes in the D to L-aspartic acid (D/L) ratios of the lower teeth of two different sublines of the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM), SAMP2/Iw (SAM, prone 2/Iwate) and SAMR1/Iw (SAM, resistant 1/Iwate) were measured by gas chromatography. The D/L ratio of the molars increased with advancing age, whereas that of the incisors did not. In mice younger than 6 months of age the D/L ratio of the molars from SAMP2/Iw tended to be higher than that from SAMR1/Iw, whereas the converse applied to older mice. Racemization in the molars occurred significantly faster in SAMR1/Iw than SAMP2/Iw (p = 0.01-0.001). Analysis according to the kind of tooth showed that the D/L ratio increased gradually in the order incisors < third molars < second molars < first molars, indicating that the ratio was higher the earlier the molars formed. As racemization depends upon the environmental temperature, the rectal temperatures of the mice were also examined. The rectal temperature of SAMP2/Iw was highest when they were 2 months old, but declined rapidly thereafter, whereas the rectal temperature of SAMRI/Iw was highest when they were 6 months old, after which it declined gradually. These results indicate that the D-aspartic acid contents of the molars of SAMR1/Iw and SAMP2/Iw increase with age in a different fashion and suggest that the fashion was determined by the body temperature, but not by the senescence-accelerated age.

Aging↗
PubMed2000

Role of IL-6 in the induction of hepatic metallothionein in mice after partial hepatectomy.

Metallothioneins (MT) are induced upon partial hepatectomy (PH), possibly mediated by various cytokines. In the present study, we studied cytokine-dependent MT synthesis in partially hepatectomized IL-6 gene knock-out (GKO) mice in the remaining lobe of the liver. We focused on IL-6, TNFalpha and IL-1beta, the major cytokines thought to be involved in MT synthesis. The IL-6 GKO mice and B6J129Sv (wild-type control) mice were subjected to 70% PH or laparotomy. We found that MT was significantly decreased in IL-6 GKO mice, although PH induced hepatic MT in both strains of mice. Laparotomy induced MT in the liver of wild-type mice but not in IL-6 GKO mice. Pretreatment of IL-6 GKO mice with rIL-6 (5 microg/mouse) restored hepatic MT synthesis. Serum IL-6 level in wild-type mice was maximal at 6 h after surgery and decreased thereafter. Serum IL-1beta was the same in both strains of mice. Serum TNFalpha basal level in IL-6 GKO mice was higher than in wild-type mice. PH caused an increase in serum TNFalpha level in both strains of mice, and it was two times higher in IL-6 GKO mice than in wild-type mice at 18 h after surgery. We conclude that IL-6 plays a predominant role in hepatic MT synthesis after PH, but that IL-6 GKO mice still reserve the capacity to synthesize MT by an as yet unidentified mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Proliferation and cell death of embryonic primitive erythrocytes.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is the principal regulator for the production of adult-type definitive erythrocytes (EryD). EPO not only stimulates both the proliferation and differentiation of EryD progenitors, but also maintains the viability of EryD progenitors. Compared to the abundant knowledge about the function of EPO in EryD production, the roles of EPO in the production of embryonic-type primitive erythrocytes (EryP) are less clear. The effects of EPO on EryP proliferation and differentiation were investigated using EryP purified from developing mouse embryos and the cells obtained from mouse embryonic stem cells using an in vitro differentiation induction. Immature EryP of both in vivo and in vitro origin responded to EPO stimulation and underwent apoptosis with EPO deprivation. In contrast, there were no significant differences between the cultures with and without EPO, when fully mature EryP were examined, that is, EryP lost its dependency on EPO stimulation with maturation. These results show that EPO functions as a survival factor for immature embryonic EryP as well as immature EryD progenitors.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha--converting enzyme and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human myocarditis.

OBJECTIVES: We determined whether tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE) is expressed with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in myocarditis. BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme, which has recently been identified as belonging to the family of metalloproteinase disintegrin proteins, is responsible for the conversion of TNF-alpha precursor to its mature form. METHODS: We examined TACE and TNF-alpha expressions in endomyocardial biopsy tissues obtained from 14 patients with myocarditis and five control subjects by using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Expression of TNF-alpha and TACE messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was significantly greater in the myocarditis group than in the control group. A positive correlation was found between TNF-alpha and TACE mRNAs (r = 0.83, p < 0.05). Six patients with severe myocarditis underwent repeat biopsies. Although TNF-alpha and TACE mRNAs were expressed at high levels in the initial biopsies, a marked decrease was noted in the repeat biopsies. The immunostainings for TNF-alpha and TACE were positive in the myocytes and interstitial cells of myocardium obtained from patients with myocarditis. Expression of TACE and TNF-alpha mRNAs was greater in the subgroup in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV than in the subgroup in class I or II. Expression of TACE and TNF-alpha mRNA was correlated positively with left ventricular volume (TNF-alpha: r = 0.85; TACE: r = 0.80) and negatively with left ventricular systolic function (TNF-alpha: r = -0.85; TACE: r = -0.85). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the expression of TNF-alpha and TACE may have important implications in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and may influence advanced cardiac dysfunction in myocarditis.

ADAM Proteins↗
PubMed2000

Association of 5' upstream promoter region of prostacyclin synthase gene variant with cerebral infarction.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between the promoter region of the prostacyclin synthase gene and cerebral infarction (CI). Using the polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) method, we found a variable-number tandem repeat polymorphism in the 5'-upstream promoter region of the prostacyclin synthase gene. This region contains transcriptional factors-binding sites of Spl (CCCGCC) and AP-2 (CCGCCAGCCCC). The alleles varied in size from three to seven repeats of nine base pairs (bp). We performed an association study using the polymorphism in 111 patients and 152 control subjects. The transcriptional activity of the abnormal promoter region allele was determined by luciferase assay. The overall distribution of alleles differed significantly between both groups. Logistic linear regression analysis revealed the small number repeat allele to be found more frequently with CI. Transcriptional activity increased with increasing numbers of repeats. This study provides consistent support for the association between CI and the PGIS gene.

Aged↗