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Biomedical subjects

M Sato

Publications and source records attributed to M Sato.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Thoracoscopic lung resection for a peripheral lung cancer by a single surgeon with a voice-controlled robot].

Thirty patients with a peripheral lung cancer underwent consecutive thoracoscopic lung resections with a voice-controlled robot between October 1998 and February 2001. The patients with a high risk such as cardio-pulmonary dysfunction or the patients aged 80 years or older were included. Patients with stage I cancer of the right lung in which lobectomy with lymph node dissection was anticipated were also included. Thirty thoracoscopic procedures were performed by a single surgeon using a voice-controlled robot. Thoracoscopic lung resection by a single surgeon with a voice-controlled robot was achieved in 27 patients. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 42 months. In all patients, thoracoscopic procedures without no need for a human assistant were achieved. There were no survival differences between the wedge resection group and lobectomy group, in the patients having adenocarcinoma and patients having squamous cell carcinoma, and elderly patients and young group patients. Complications related or unrelated to the maneuvers of a voice-controlled robot were not noted. Postoperative complications occurred in 4 patients (atelectasis 2, postoperative dementia 2). All of the events resolved within one week. Thoracoscopic lung resection such as wedge resection or lobectomy by a single surgeon with a voice-controlled robot may be feasible in selected patients with lung cancers. Its application must be confirmed by further studies.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Cancer-associated myofibroblasts possess various factors to promote endometrial tumor progression.

Myofibroblastic invasion associated with malignant epithelial cells of endometrial cancer as well as other cancers is often found in the interstitium. To assess the myofibroblastic-epithelial interaction, frozen sections from a total of 10 endometrial cancers with or without invasive myofibroblasts were immunohistochemically examined. Interestingly, the invasive myofibroblasts adjacent to malignant epithelial cells showed frequently intensive positive staining of several growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor I, and epidermal growth factor, the cognate receptors such as Fetal liver kinase-1/Kinase Insert Domain-containing receptor/VEGF receptor-2, fms-like tyrosine kinase-1/VEGF receptor-1, and epidermal growth factor receptor, several cell cycle regulators such as cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases, and estrogen receptor alpha. Moreover, we indicated that the majority of the myofibroblasts as well as cancer epithelial cells are proliferating because of their positive staining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67. Furthermore, the myofibroblasts were also positive of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, which is a marker protein of hypoxia, probably followed by activation of VEGF-Flk-1 and VEGF-fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 signals, which could initiate angiogenesis. These findings suggest directly that the myofibroblasts might participate in the progression of tumor cells in terms of cancer cell growth stimulation and also activated initiation of angiogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Cerebral arteritis and cerebritis caused by subdural empyema: two cases report].

We report two cases of cerebral angitis and cerebritis caused by subdural empyema. A 22-year-old man, who complained of a headache and high fever, suddenly developed unconsciousness and right hemiparesis. CT and MRI demonstrated left subdural empyema with diffuse brain swelling. CT angiography showed diffuse narrowing of the left internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, and anterior cerebral artery. Although we performed craniotomy, continuous irrigation with drainage, systemic injection of antibiotics for subdural empyema, antiplatelet therapy, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for angitis, his condition remained unchanged. A 67-year-old man who had previously undergone burr hole surgery presented to our hospital for the treatment of scalp infection. He suddenly developed unconsciousness and right hemiparesis. CT and MRI demonstrated left subdural empyema with diffuse brain swelling, but MR angiography did not show any abnormal findings. Hemiparesis improved after the surgery and systemic injection of the antibiotics. Subdural empyema with sinusitis or meningitis around the skull base sometimes causes cerebral angitis. We considered that the angiographical evaluation for the subdural empyema was necessary to detect angitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Survival and viral load in four groups of HIV-1 infected hemophiliacs compared by three-way data clustering.

We assigned a total of 131 hemophiliacs infected with HIV-1 into four clusters by applying a 3-way data analysis method. Sequentially acquired CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts obtained longitudinally over an observation period from 1986 to 1992 were analyzed. During the successive observation in this interval, a clustering of patients is not always coincident over all the times, because the cell counts vary with time. Therefore, the 3-way data clustering is to obtain the optimal result of the classification of patients through all the interval of observation. Examining patients' survival after that period, the cumulative mortality rate was highest among the 36 hemophiliacs in Cluster 1. Less mortality was found in Cluster 2, consisting of 49 hemophiliacs and none was reported in Clusters 3 and 4, which included 33 and 13 hemophiliacs, respectively. However, a significantly lower blood viral copy number was found in Cluster 3 than in Cluster 4. A total of six long-term non-progressors was found, five in Cluster 3 and one in Cluster 4, while none was found in Cluster 1 or 2. As demonstrated in this analysis, 3-way data clustering may represent a good data mining technique for handling various types of clinical data.

CD4 Lymphocyte Count↗
PubMed2001

Thiopental enhances human platelet aggregation by increasing arachidonic acid release.

Conflicting results have been reported regarding the effect of thiopental on aggregation and cytosolic calcium levels in platelets. The present study attempted to clarify these phenomena. Using platelet-rich plasma or washed suspensions, platelet aggregation, thromboxane (TX) B2 formation, arachidonic acid (AA) release, and cytosolic free calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) were measured in the presence or absence of thiopental (30-300 microM). Platelet activation was induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP, 0.5-15 microM), epinephrine (0.1-20 microM) arachidonic acid (0.5-1.5 mM), or (+)-9,11-epithia-11,12-methano-TXA2 (STA2, 30-500 nM). Measurements of primary aggregation were performed in the presence of indomethacin (10 microM). Low concentrations of ADP and epinephrine, which did not induce secondary aggregation in a control study, induced strong secondary aggregation in the presence of thiopental (> or = 100 microM). Thiopental (> or = 100 microM) also increased the TXB2 formation induced by ADP and epinephrine. Thiopental (300 microM) increased ADP- and epinephrine-induced 3H-AA release. Thiopental (300 microM) also augmented the ADP- and epinephrine-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in the presence of indomethacin. Thiopental appears to enhance ADP- and epinephrine-induced secondary platelet aggregation by increasing AA release during primary aggregation, possibly by the activation of phospholipase A2.

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMed2001

[Percutaneous hot ethanol injection therapy (PHEIT) for hepatocellular carcinoma].

Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) is widely performed as a local treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, PEIT must be repeated because only a limited amount of ethanol can be injected in a single treatment. In addition, PEIT is only indicated for up to 3 tumors of 30 mm or less in diameter. We therefore invented a percutaneous hot ethanol injection therapy (PHEIT) to enhance the antitumor effect of PEIT. For this, we developed a liquid-heating and injection device to heat the liquid to the intended temperature and inject it from the tip of the needle safely and accurately using a puncture technique under ultrasonographic guidance. An experiment on normal rat livers demonstrated that injected ethanol at temperatures over 60 degrees C enhances the necrotizing effect on tissue. The technique was clinically applied to patients with HCC using ethanol heated to 60 degrees C or 70 degrees C. The total volume of the ethanol injection was smaller in PHEIT than in PEIT, and the frequency of injection was lower in PHEIT than in PEIT, while the necrotic area obtained by a single treatment was larger with PHEIT than with PEIT. PHEIT is a potential radical treatment for patients with multiple hepatoma with 4 more lesions or those with large hepatomas exceeding 30 mm in diameter that do not respond to PEIT.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Deglucuronidation of a flavonoid, luteolin monoglucuronide, during inflammation.

In this study, we investigated whether luteolin monoglucuronide was converted to free aglycone during inflammation using human neutrophils stimulated with ionomycin/cytochalasin B and rats treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). beta-Glucuronidase activity was assayed using 4-methylumbelliferyl-glucuronide and methanol extracts of rat plasma containing luteolin monoglucuronide. The released 4-methylumbelliferone, a fluorescent molecule, was quantified by fluorometry. Deglucuronidation of luteolin monoglucuronide was examined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. HPLC analyses showed that the supernatants obtained from neutrophils stimulated with ionomycin/cytochalasin B hydrolyzed luteolin monoglucuronide to free luteolin. beta-Glucuronidase activity in human serum from patients on hemodialysis increased significantly compared with that from healthy volunteers. The beta-glucuronidase activity in rat plasma increased after i.v. injection of LPS. The ratio of luteolin to luteolin monoglucuronide in plasma of LPS-treated rats also increased. These results suggest that during inflammation beta-glucuronidase is released from stimulated neutrophils or certain injured cells and then deglucuronidation of flavonoids occurs.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Severe laryngeal edema after tracheal extubation--report of a case].

An 80-year old female underwent subtotal esophagectomy with neck lymphnode dissection for esophageal cancer. The tracheal intubation was done repeatedly. Anesthesia was maintained with O2-N2O-isoflurane. No complications were observed during the operation. About thirty minutes after tracheal extubation, she developed airway obstruction with tracheal tug and stridor. Severe laryngeal edema was found by bronchofiberscopy. Percutaneous minitracheostomy was performed under ventilation support by laryngeal mask airway. Seven days later, bronchoscopy examination revealed that the laryngeal edema had disappeared. It should be kept in mind that severe laryngeal edema could develop immediately after extubation.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Features of home care for patients with advanced breast cancer].

We examined the features of home care for patients with noncurable breast cancer. The patients were 21 women with advanced breast cancer who entered the home care program between April 1987 and May 2001. The first feature was that their young age: six of them were in their forties, five were in their fifties, and the mean age was 57.4 years old. The second feature was that the period home care was provided was long. The mean duration of home care from the beginning to their death was 143 days. This was because the period of sickness and the period until the breast cancer's relapsing were both long. The mean period until the relapse was 2.3 years, and the mean period of sickness was 4.1 years. The third feature was the great variety of symptoms. It is this cause that there are a lot of metastasis organs. The fourth feature was that no special treatment, such as infusion therapy, was really necessary to alleviate the symptoms. Pain control was important because there were a lot of patients whose main complaint was pain. However, pain could be controlled with morphine. In conclusion, if it is excluded not to have the nursing power because the age is generally young, home care can be comparatively offered to the person who has an advanced breast cancer for a long term.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Cunninghamella bertholletiae in a non-immunocompromised woman].

A 74-year-old woman was admitted for further examination because of an abnormal nodular shadow and thickening of the bronchovascular bundle in the left upper lobe on chest radiography and CT. The findings from a transbronchial biopsy specimen were not conclusive. A thoracoscopic lung biopsy specimen revealed a fungal infection, and partial resection of S1 + 2 of the left upper lobe was carried out. In the dilated bronchus, mucus of high viscosity was seen. Lymphocytes and plasma cells had infiltrated into the bronchioles and alveoli. Fungus was cultured from the mucus, and the morphological characteristics showed Cunninghamella bertholletiae. Pulmonary mucormycosis caused by C. bertholletiae in a non-immunocompromised person is very rare. Furthermore, this patient also had a wheeze, eosinophilia, elevation of the serum IgE level, and was positive for specific IgE to Mucor. We therefore consider that this case was an incomplete type of allergic bronchopulmonary fungusis (ABPF).

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[A case of combined squamous cell carcinoma and aspergilloma arising in a cyst wall].

A 76-year-old man in whom interstitial pneumonia and diabetes mellitus had been diagnosed complained of bloody sputum in August, 1998. Chest radiography disclosed irregular shadows in the left lower lung field. Chest computed tomography (CT) scans revealed a cyst and a small nodular lesion in the left S6 segment. Although primary lung cancer was suspected, we did not detect any malignant cells in the transbronchial lung biopsy specimen. CT scans in January 2000 showed a ball-like shadow in the thick-walled cyst in the left S6 segment. Cytologic examination of the sputum and the bronchial lavage fluid from the left B6 revealed squamous cell carcinoma. Left lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed. Pathological examination revealed that moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma had extensively invaded the wall of the cyst in the left S6 and S10 segments, and was accompanied with aspergilloma. Abnormal thickening of a cyst wall may in some cases suggest the presence of lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Amino acid residue penultimate to the amino-terminal gly residue strongly affects two cotranslational protein modifications, N-myristoylation and N-acetylation.

To examine the amino-terminal sequence requirements for cotranslational protein N-myristoylation, a series of site-directed mutagenesis of N-terminal region were performed using tumor necrosis factor as a nonmyristoylated model protein. Subsequently, the susceptibility of these mutants to protein N-myristoylation was evaluated by metabolic labeling in an in vitro translation system or in transfected cells. It was found that the amino acid residue at position 3 in an N-myristoylation consensus motif, Met-Gly-X-X-X-Ser-X-X-X, strongly affected the susceptibility of the protein to two different cotranslational protein modifications, N-myristoylation and N-acetylation; 10 amino acids (Ala, Ser, Cys, Thr, Val, Asn, Leu, Ile, Gln, and His) with a radius of gyration smaller than 1.80 A directed N-myristoylation, two negatively charged residues (Asp and Glu) directed N-acetylation, and two amino acids (Gly and Met) directed heterogeneous modification with both N-myristoylation and N-acetylation. The amino acid requirements at this position for the two modifications were dramatically changed when Ser at position 6 in the consensus motif was replaced with Ala. Thus, the amino acid residue penultimate to the N-terminal Gly residue strongly affected two cotranslational protein modifications, N-myristoylation and N-acetylation, and the amino acid requirements at this position for these two modifications were significantly affected by downstream residues.

Acetylation↗
PubMed2000

Fluorescent indicators for cyclic GMP based on cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase Ialpha and green fluorescent proteins.

We describe herein fluorescent indicators for cyclic GMP (cGMP) in single living cells. cGMP-dependent protein kinase Ialpha (PKG Ialpha), a receptor for cGMP, was fused with blue- and red-shifted green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) to its N- and C-termini, respectively. Using PKG lalpha delta1-47, in which the dimerization domain was deleted, fluorescence resonance energy transfer between the GFPs was found to increase upon cGMP-induced conformational change in PKG Ialpha delta1-47. We demonstrated that thus-developed fluorescent indicators reversibly responded to cGMP that was produced in nitric oxide-stimulated HEK293 cells. The present genetically encoded fluorescent indicators open a way not only for understanding the dynamics of cGMP signaling in single cells and organisms but also for discovering pharmaceuticals such as isoform-specific inhibitors for phosphodiesterases.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Synthesis and characterization of a potent and selective protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, 2.

The synthesis and biological activity of a series of 2-[(4-methylthiopyridin-2-yl)methylsulfinyl]benzimidazoles are described. These compounds have potent inhibitory effects against the protein tyrosine phosphatase activity of CD45. Enzymatic analysis with several phosphatases revealed that compound 5a had high specificity for CD45 compared with serine/threonine phosphatases (PP1, PP2A), tyrosine phosphatases (LAR, PTP1B and PTP-S2) and dual phosphatase (VHR).

Benzimidazoles↗
PubMed2000

A therapeutic approach to roentgenographically occult squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

BACKGROUND: The significance of limited resections, including wedge resection and segmentectomy, remains controversial because of their curability rates. In the current study, the objective was to determine a strategy for the treatment of patients with roentgenographically occult bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma (ROSCC) based on the pathologic findings from 184 patients with ROSCC who underwent resection. METHODS: In Miyagi Prefecture, 1422 patients with lung carcinoma were diagnosed during a mass screening program between 1982 and 1995. Among them, 236 patients had ROSCC, and 184 patients with ROSCC underwent pulmonary resection followed by systemic lymph node dissection. RESULTS: Pathologically, only 0.9% of the ROSCCs that were within the range of endoscopic visibility were revealed to have lymph node involvement, whereas 13% of patients with extracartilage invasion had lymph node involvement. Early ROSCC, which means ROSCC that is limited within the cartilaginous layer and is without lymph node involvement, comprised 90% of ROSCCs that measured <10 mm in longitudinal extension, comprised 77% of ROSCCs that measured 10-29 mm in longitudinal extension, and comprised 33% of ROSCCs that measured >30 mm in longitudinal extension. Eighty-nine percent of the tumors with lymph node involvement had extracartilaginous invasion. The 3-year survival rate of patients after undergoing photodynamic therapy was 100% when their tumor was regarded as early ROSCC (i.e., within 10 mm in longitudinal extension and within the range of endoscopic visibility). To date, 18 patients with ROSCC underwent segmentectomy, and all of these patients are alive without tumor recurrence. The incidence rate of multiple lung carcinomas, including synchronous and metachronous tumors, in patients with ROSCC was 22%. CONCLUSIONS: The authors concluded the following: 1) Patients with lesions that are within the range of endoscopic visibility and that measure <10 mm in longitudinal extension are candidates for photodynamic therapy. 2) Patients with lesions that are beyond the range of endoscopic visibility or that measure >10 mm in longitudinal extension are candidates for segmentectomy as long as intraoperative examination shows a tumor free bronchial stump and negative lymph nodes 11-13. 3) Patients with lesions that show bronchial obstruction or extrabronchial invasion should undergo standard resection.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2000

Nuclear translocation of TSC-22 (TGF-beta-stimulated clone-22) concomitant with apoptosis: TSC-22 as a putative transcriptional regulator.

We examined the alteration of the subcellular localization of TSC-22 (TGF-beta-stimulated clone-22) after induction of apoptosis and the transcription-regulatory activity of TSC-22. In the living cells, TSC-22-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein was clearly localized to the cytoplasm, however, in the apoptotic cells, the TSC-22-GFP fusion protein was translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. TSC-22 fused to GAL4-DNA binding domain (GAL4BD) did not show the transcriptional activity on the reporter genes in yeast and in HSG (salivary gland cancer cells) and Hela. However, in CHO cells, TSC-22-GAL4BD fusion protein strongly activated the reporter gene. The transcriptional activity of the leucine zipper structure of TSC-22 is greater than that of the full-length TSC-22. These findings suggest that after receiving the apoptotic stimuli, TSC-22 translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and shows the transcription-regulatory activity.

Animals↗