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Biomedical subjects

M Sata

Publications and source records attributed to M Sata.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemistry of the hepatic extracellular matrix in acute viral hepatitis.

The distribution of several extracellular matrix components in the liver of patients with acute viral hepatitis was studied by light and electron microscopy using indirect immunoperoxidase methods. Light microscopy revealed type III and type V collagen and fibronectin in the portal tracts and the area of focal necrosis, showing cell infiltration. Type III and type V collagen were more strongly stained in the periphery of focal necrosis. Type IV collagen was seen around the vessels and hepatocytes near the focal necrosis. Electron microscopy showed many transitional Ito cells in the area of focal necrosis and fibroblasts were observed in the portal tracts, showing collagen fiber deposition. Numerous collagen fibrils were observed around fibroblasts, Ito cells and hepatocytes. Using immunoelectron microscopy, type III and type IV collagen and fibronectin were observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of Ito cells and hepatocytes localized near the area of focal necrosis or fiber deposition. In addition, type IV collagen was seen in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of endothelial cells forming capillary vessels. These results suggest that several extracellular matrix components such as types III, IV and V collagen and fibronectin, produced by Ito cells, hepatocytes or endothelial cells, play important roles in the healing of liver damage in acute viral hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Kinetics of C-reactive protein in acute viral hepatitis.

The significance of C-reactive protein (CRP) in acute viral hepatitis was studied by measuring the serum CRP level in patients with acute hepatitis type A (AHA), B (AHB), and non-A, non-B (AHNANB) and examining its localization in liver biopsy specimens by the immunohistochemical method. The mean value of the serum CRP level determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), was markedly increased in the acute phase of AHA and AHB, particularly the former. It decreased rapidly in both AHA and AHB during the convalescent phase, but was generally low in AHNANB with no marked difference between the acute phase and the convalescent phase. Under light microscopy, CRP was stained in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, and immuno-reactive products were observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) by electron microscopy. In the acute phase, the intensity of staining was slightly greater in AHA, decreasing during the convalescent phase in AHA and AHB, but only weak staining was observed in all patients with AHNANB. Evaluation of CRP may be useful for clarification of differences in clinical manifestations and the mechanisms of inflammation among different types of hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Hepatitis B vaccination in alcoholics].

The immune response after HB vaccination (20 micrograms, 3 times) was investigated in 15 alcoholics and the immunological background was also studied before the vaccination in some of these cases. Anti-HBs was detected in only 8 (53.3%) out of 15 vaccinated alcoholics and the anti-HBs titers of these 8 responders were less than 16 cut off index at the last observation. Immunologically, peripheral lymphocyte count and/or the OKT4/OKT8 ratio of lymphocytes in 2 alcoholics (non-responders to vaccination) were lower than those in a control case (good responder). But, there were no differences in serum anti-HAV, anti-EBNA positive rates, immunoglobulin levels and blastogenesis by PHA, Con-A between responders and non-responders. These data suggest that poor response to HB vaccination is probably due to an impaired cellular immunity in alcoholics and the necessity of re-vaccination for no or low responders should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Immunological studies on the patients with Crohn's disease and a new attempt of interferon treatment].

Natural Killer cell activity and lymphocyte subset in peripheral blood were studied in 16 patients with Crohn's disease. The effect of interferon administration was evaluated in 4 patients with Crohn's disease. In the patients with active Crohn's disease, natural killer cell activity was significantly lower in level compared to that in normal controls. Those without increase of natural killer cell activity in non-active stage, had trend of early relapsing. Peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations of OKT4, OKT8, OKIal, OKT4/8 and Leu7 by flow-cytometry showed no significant differences between the patients and the normal controls. Clinical remission was maintained in 2 out of 4 patients for the period from 7 to 21 months after the interferon administration. Benefit of interferon administration was suggested in patients with Crohn's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Detection of hepatitis A antigen in human liver.

For the first time, hepatitis A viral antigen (HAAg) was shown in liver biopsy tissue from a patient in the acute phase of hepatitis type A by light and electron microscopy, using the peroxidase-antibody technique. Under light microscopy, the staining for HAAg appeared as a fine, granular reaction product, scattered throughout the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and sinusoidal lining cells. Standard thin-section electron microscopy revealed virus-like particles, 24 to 27 nm in diameter, in cytoplasmic vesicles of hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. By immunoperoxidase electron microscopy, HAAg was detected on particles aggregated within cytoplasmic vesicles of hepatocytes, thus demonstrating that the virus-like particles (24 to 27 nm) are hepatitis A virus. The surrounding membrane of the vesicles was also positive for HAAg. The distribution patterns of HAAg in human liver were virtually identical to those described for experimentally infected marmosets. It is notable that most HAAg was detected within vesicles of liver cell cytoplasm, suggesting the possibility of vesicle-oriented morphogenesis of hepatitis A virus.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Light microscopic findings of liver biopsy specimens from patients with hepatitis type A and comparison with type B.

We compared the light microscopic features of liver biopsy specimens taken within 15 days of onset of symptoms from 17 patients with serologically verified hepatitis type A and 10 patients with serologically verified hepatitis type B. On admission, patients with hepatitis type A experienced higher serum transaminase concentrations and lower total serum bilirubin concentrations than patients with type B. On examination of H & E preparations, specimens from both type A and type B displayed simultaneous hepatocellular degeneration, parenchymal and portal tract inflammatory cell infiltration, and sinusoidal lining cell activation. Hepatitis type A was characterized by conspicuous, mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration of the portal tract with frequent disruption of the limiting plate, and periportal hepatocyte focal necrosis with virtual sparing of parenchyma about the central vein tributary. Specimens from 10 patients also displayed mild cholestasis. In contrast, hepatitis type B was characterized by modest portal tract infiltration, and extensive parenchymal changes and infiltration, particularly about the central vein tributary.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Negative regulation of inflammation by Fas ligand expression on the vascular endothelium.

It is generally believed that the vascular endothelium serves as a barrier to inflammation by providing a nonadherent surface to leukocytes. Recently, we reported that vascular endothelial cells (ECs) express Fas ligand, which functions to actively inhibit inflammation by inducing apoptosis in Fas-bearing leukocytes. The inflammatory cytokine TNF alpha downregulates Fas ligand expression with an accompanying decrease in EC cytotoxicity toward Fas-bearing cells in co-culture. Endothelial Fas ligand expression in arteries is also downregulated by the local administration of TNF alpha, and this correlates with robust mononuclear cell infiltration of the subendothelial space. This TNF alpha-induced mononuclear cell infiltration is inhibited by pre-infecting the endothelium with a replication-defective adenovirus that constitutively expresses Fas ligand. Under these conditions, adherent leukocytes undergo apoptosis rather than extravasation. These findings suggest that Fas ligand expression on the vascular endothelium functions to inhibit inflammatory responses that are often associated with vascular disorders.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electron microscopic observation of established chondrocytes derived from human intervertebral disc hernia (KTN-1) and role of macrophages in spontaneous regression of degenerated tissues.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Biological and pathological cell processes during the degeneration of intervertebral discs are as yet poorly understood. PURPOSE: An electron microscope was used to observe disc hernia degeneration at the cellular level as expressed in extruded tissue from a human intervertebral disc and in cultured chondrocytes. The mechanism of spontaneous regression was analyzed in order to investigate the effects of homologous macrophages, and the results of this analysis may be developed into a clinical therapy. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Extruded tissue specimens excised during surgery on human intervertebral disc hernia and cultured chondrocytes isolated from the excised tissue were observed by means of electron microscopy. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and its antagonist, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), were observed by means of immune electron microscopy. Macrophages confirmed by CD68 immunostaining were added to the chondrocyte culture and observed by means of electron microscopy. PATIENT SAMPLE: All control subjects and patients gave written consent to the study. OUTCOME MEASURES: KTN-1 was directly observed without culture, and nuclei degeneration, the development of chromatin granules, changes in the osmotic pressure of the nuclear membrane and rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and the development of fat droplets were observed. METHODS: Tissues excised during surgery were divided, a part of the tissues were fixed in various fixatives for electron microscopy and immune electron microscopy analysis, and the other part was treated with collagenase. In addition, chondrocytes were isolated and cultured. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated using the Ficoll method. After culturing the cells, macrophages were collected, added to the chondrocyte culture, and observed under an electron microscope. CD68 positivity of the macrophages was confirmed by CD68 immunostaining. RESULTS: Freshly isolated chondrocytes in the hernia's extruded region differed markedly from cultured chondrocytes. By means of immunoelectron microscopy, MMP-3 and TIMP-1 were localized at the endoplasmic reticulum of the cultured chondrocytes. Infiltration of macrophages among the chondrocytes was observed in the mixed culture. CONCLUSIONS: The tissue extruded from the intervertebral disc showed obvious signs of degeneration, such as changes in osmotic pressure. Macrophages were observed to be the mechanism of spontaneous regression.

Cell Line↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quick response of advanced cancer to chemoradiation therapy with antineoplastons.

Antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 exhibit growth inhibition of cancer cells by diverse modes of action. We observed antitumor responses within 2-3 weeks of a combination treatment of chemoradiation therapy and antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 in phase I clinical study being conducted in Kurume University Hospital. We reviewed 3 clinical cases of advanced cancer (multiple metastatic lung cancer, thalamic glioma and primary lung cancer) in which we believed antineoplaston A10 and AS2-1 may be contributing to the rapid antitumor response. The possible use of this combination for induction therapy in advanced cancer is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antineoplaston treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Antineoplaston A10 injection (antineoplaston A10 I) exhibited cystostatic growth inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro and showed minimum adverse effects in a phase I clinical trial. Advanced HCC is hard to control because the potent anticancer drugs or embolizations easily induce hepatic failure. We review herein 2 cases of advanced HCC treated with antineoplaston A10 I. Both cases showed interesting responses to antineoplaston A10 I. One showed massive coagulation necrosis of tumors after intra-arterial infusion of antineoplaston A10 I and the other showed resolution of portal vein tumor thrombosis with systemic infusion of antineoplaston A10 I. The usefulness of anti-neoplaston A10 I in terminal staged HCC is discussed.

Aged↗