Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Sanna

Publications and source records attributed to M Sanna.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Angular velocity of the slow phase in experimental and clinical lesions of the vestibular apparatus.

The authors present the results of their experimental and clinical observations on the occurrence of regularity in the course of angular velocity of the slow phase of nystagmus. They have found that the regularity is rather distinctly pronounced in peripheral lesions of the vestibular apparatus. This observation may be complementary to the interpretation of electronystagmographic recordings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphometric evaluation of the infralabyrinthine approach to the internal auditory canal.

Morphometric evaluation of the infralabyrinthine approach to the internal auditory canal (IAC) was performed using 20 fresh human temporal bones in order to assess the exposure limitations, inherent risks and technical difficulties that may arise due to common anatomic variations of this region. While performing the infralabyrinthine approach to the IAC, minor problems such as an anteriorly placed sigmoid sinus were easily managed. However, in 50% of the specimens, this approach was limited due to variations of the jugular bulb, restricting access to the IAC. Sacrificing the endolymphatic duct in these specimens did not significantly improve the surgical access to the eighth nerve. Furthermore, it was noted that this approach puts the facial nerve and cochlea under the risk of inadvertent damage during drilling. The authors conclude that vestibular nerve sectioning using the infralabyrinthine approach may be performed only in few selected cases and extreme care is needed in order not to damage the structures that limit this approach.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molded tympanic heterografts. Histologic evaluation.

The histologic appearance of the molded tympanic heterograft developed at the ENT Clinic of the University of Parma, Italy, is investigated with light and electron microscopy. Evaluation of the graft before insertion disclosed a unique structure of interwoven collagen bundles. Examination of grafted tympanic membrane showed a structure closely resembling the normal human tympanic membrane. The fate of the heterologous material and the host reaction to it are discussed in relation to histologic findings.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of recurrent cholesteatoma in closed tympanoplasty.

Recurrent cholesteatoma in a series of 534 staged intact canal wall tympanoplasties performed over a 10-year period has been reviewed for the present study. Overall detected incidence of recurrent cholesteatoma is 5.2% (28 of 534 operated ears). A steady decrease of recurrent cholesteatoma was found, however, in the second period of our surgical experience (1978 to 1982) when prevention techniques were adopted in all operations, resulting in a 1.07% incidence (four of 373 operated ears). Our present policy for prevention of recurrent cholesteatoma in intact canal wall tympanoplasties with mastoidectomy includes the use of plastic sheeting with thick Silastic, the repair of bony sulcus defects with cartilage shavings, staging of the operation with preplanned reexploration of the middle ear and mastoid, and transtympanic ventilation tube insertion in cases of refractory tubal insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Degenerative changes in the distal stump of the severed human facial nerve.

Specimens of distal segments of the human facial nerve obtained at reinnervation surgery (hypoglossal-facial anastomosis) were studied by light and electron microscopy. Severance of the facial nerve led to the Wallerian degeneration in the distal segment. When the lesion was made at the intracranial level of the nerve, the sensory bundle remained intact. In a specimen 17 days after section, motor fibers either had disappeared or had loss of axons and advanced stage of myelin breakdown. Sensory fibers appeared intact. In two specimens three months after severance, many Schwann cells of degenerated fibers still possessed degraded myelin; most Schwann cells had ingested myelin and formed endoneurial tubes (bands of Büngner). Endoneurium showed proliferation of fibroblasts and increased collagen deposition. A specimen obtained seven months after section showed fibrosis only. The fifth specimen obtained 30 months after severance of the tympanic segment showed only mild collagenization and well formed, not appreciably shrunken Schwann tubes. The distal stump of human facial nerve appears to undergo less denervation atrophy than demonstrated in the peripheral nerves of experimental animals. The collagenization process appears to be essentially completed already after three months denervation with little change after that. The distal stump of the human facial nerve appears to provide a good structural basis for reinnervation even after prolonged denervation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On the bulky appliances and artero-venous anastomoses in the vascular district of the base of the brain.

It has been studied the vascular territory of the base of the brain and it has been pointed out the presence of characteristical structural arrangements of the vasal wall and artero-venous anastomoses. The just mentioned characteristical structures are placed in points where a vessel divides itself or creates a collateral branch and their functional engagement is target-oriented to control the blood flux.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphological characteristics and distribution of the autonomic and sensitive innervation of the prostate in some animal species.

The sensitive and autonomic innervation of the prostate was studied in some mammals (rat, rabbit, horse, donkey and bull) using gold chloride impregnation. In all the species considered the gland was supplied with conspicuous innervation located in the thickness of the capsule and in trabeculae. The autonomic innervation was constituted by ganglion cells of different sizes (small, medium and large), isolated or in groups of large ganglia also, always located along the course of nerve bundles. The sensitive nervous component, placed more frequently in the most superficial layer of the capsule, consisted of delicate networks originating by more fibres and, above all, of capsulated receptors such as Pacini and Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscles. A characteristic finding, but only present in the horse, donkey and bull, was the helicoidal disposition of thin collagen fibres around thin nervous bundles that ended up to the point where the nerve trunk divided.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgery of the base of the skull].

This is a review of the current status of the surgery of the skull base with special reference to the otolaryngological districts. The main topics are as follow: classification of pathology review of the clinical and surgical anatomy clinical and neuroradiological diagnosis surgical management of the pathology in the occipito-temporal area and in the rhinobase principles of management and operative approaches to the skull base in Neurosurgery principles of management and operative approaches to the skull base in Maxillo-Facial Surgery.

Humans↗