Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Sandler

Publications and source records attributed to M Sandler.

360 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Diagnostic value of detailed metabolic pathway investigations in two cases of phaeochromocytoma with minimal increase in total catecholamine output.

Two patients with phaeochromocytoma having atypical biochemical features are described. Total catecholamine excretion was normal in one and only slightly raised in the other; both had a diagnostic rise in output of metadrenaline and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid whilst 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol excretion was increased in one of them. During hypertensive attacks adrenaline excretion became greater than that of noradrenaline. The diagnostic usefulness of separate adrenaline and noradrenaline estimations in addition to catecholamine metabolite assay is discussed. A lack of relationship between tumour catecholamine content and urinary catecholamine output is emphasized.

Catecholamines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of alrestatin on alanine-stimulated release of insulin and glucagon in man.

Alrestatin, an aldose reductase inhibitor, was administered orally to 10 normal men. Its effect on basal plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon levels and on the response of glucose, insulin and glucagon to an oral alanine load was assessed and compared to that of a placebo. There was a significant suppression of both the mean basal insulin level and the mean insulin response to alanine in the group pretreated with alrestatin as compared to the placebo group (p less than 0.05 at 0 and 60 min). Glucagon levels rose slightly in both groups but tended to be lower in the alrestatin-treated subjects, and blood sugar levels fell slightly. There was a significant inverse correlation between the mean insulin and glucose levels in individual subjects. The possible significance and mechanisms of insulin suppression are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A genetic study of platelet phenolsulphotransferase activity in normal and schizophrenic twins.

In a series of 19 identical and 16 fraternal twin pairs, the activities of the two forms of the enzyme, phenolsulphotransferase, denominated M and P, were investigated in blood platelets. Both were shown to be under a high degree of genetic control. No differences were found between 11 schizophrenic patients from discordant twin pairs, compared with their well cotwins and 12 male and female volunteer twin pairs, for either form of the enzyme.

Arylsulfotransferase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Migraine and depression: biological aspects.

There is a considerable overlap in migraine and depression incidence, and both conditions may be associated with low levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). During a migraine attack there is evidence for low levels of platelet 5-HT and possibly also low Vmax for 5-HT uptake; both these findings are also associated with the depressed state. Both conditions can be treated by tricyclic and monoamine oxidase inhibiting antidepressants. However, there are also clear differences: migraine attacks are brief and self limiting. Part of the migraine cascade occurs outside the blood brain barrier, presumably involving blood vessels and, unlike depression, migraine attacks can be ameliorated by drugs which only act peripherally. In addition, migraine patients, especially males, often have permanently low levels of platelet monoamine oxidase activity, whereas patients with unipolar depression tend to have raised levels of this marker. This low enzyme activity may reflect part of the vulnerability to migraine, often associated in the prodromal phase with agitation or hyperactivity. Migraine may form part of a family of brief recurrent self-limiting disorders, which involve disturbances of both mood and monoamines; during the headache phase of the attack, the links with depression are most apparent.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The CT detection of thymic hyperplasia in association with thyrotoxicosis: case report.

A thymic mass was diagnosed by computed tomography in a young male with an anterior mediastinal mass demonstrated by chest X-ray. The association of thymic hyperplasia and thyrotoxicosis is discussed and the importance of CT in the evaluation of anterior mediastinal masses in patients with thyrotoxicosis is emphasized. Micronodular enlargement of the thymus is a common association of Graves' disease in contradistinction to the rare detection of radiologically visible thymic masses in this condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dynamic breath-hold 3D gadolinium-enhanced MRI of intraarterial masses: findings in two patients.

We describe the use of dynamic breath-hold gadolinium-enhanced 3D MRI for the evaluation of intraarterial masses and its potential use in differentiating thrombus from neoplasm. This rapid technique overcomes the flow artifacts that may obscure intraarterial masses on contrast-enhanced ECG-gated SE MR and can be performed on patients who otherwise cannot be ECG gated.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The destination and dependency of patients discharged from care of the elderly units in the West Midlands.

Between November 1988 and January 1989 a prospective survey was undertaken on patients aged 65 years and over who were discharged from the care of geriatricians in seven District General Hospitals. The survey aimed to provide a regional perspective on patient dependency by relating dependency at discharge to the discharge destination. The findings show that the majority of patients were relatively independent and most returned home. A significant number of the very dependent patients were discharged to the community with private residential and nursing homes making an important contribution to the placement of highly dependent patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Isatin: possible role in functional interaction of natriuretic peptides and monoamines].

Isatin is an endogenous compound recently discovered in mammalian tissues and body fluids. It has a distinct distribution in rat brain, with a highest concentration, in the hippocampus, of 0.1 microgram/g. Its origin and metabolic pathways remain unclear. In vitro, isatin selectively inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO) B (IC50 3-8 microM, Ki approximately 20 microM) and, more potently, atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) binding (IC50, 0.4 microM). Convulsant doses of pentylene tetrazole result in increased isatin level in the brain. Small amounts of isatin are anxiogenic in rodent models, but higher doses cause sedation and possess anticonvulsant action. Isatin administration also increases monoamine levels in the brain and reduces daily urine output.

Animals↗