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Biomedical subjects

M Sala

Publications and source records attributed to M Sala.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

In vivo and in vitro biological effects of the flame retardants tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate and tris(2-chlorethyl)orthophosphate.

Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (Tris-BP) and Tris(2-chloroethyl) orthophosphate (Genomoll P) were analyzed for mutagenic and carcinogenic activity in several in vitro and in vivo mammalian systems. In the in vitro tests both Tris-BP and Genomoll P increased sister chromatid exchanges in V79 cells with a dose-response relationship for Tris-BP. The mutation assays using the same cells (HGPRT locus) were negative. Both compounds showed positive results in the transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells. A very low frequency of transformation in the C3H10T1/2 cells was obtained; we consider this result essentially negative. In the in vivo assays Tris-BP gave positive and Genomoll P questionable results in the micronucleus test performed on Chinese hamsters. Both gave negative results in short-term skin tests. In the long-term skin tests, Tris-BP showed an initiating activity which was not observed with Genomoll P. When they were used as promoters both chemicals increased the incidence of lung adenomas in mice. Comparatively, Genomoll P is far less hazardous than Tris-BP.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Legionnaires' disease. First observations in Catalonia (author's transl)].

The authors report the first two cases of legionnaires' disease from Catalonia. Both patients were chronic bronchitic males, and the cases were sporadic. The onset of the disease was characterized by a febrile illness with muscle and joint pains, respiratory symptoms (cough and mucous sputum production), and mental changes. There were no digestive complaints. Pulmonary consolidation occurred in both patients in the left upper lobe. Blood chemistries disclosed the existence of an absolute lymphopenia, altered liver function tests, and elevated CPK levels. Bacterial cultures of blood and sputum, respiratory virus screening (influenza A and B, parainfluenza 1, 2 and 3, and adenoviruses), and tests for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Coxiella burnetti and Chlamydia psittaci were all negative. Antibody titers against Legionella pneumophila by indirect immunofluorescence were 1/1024 (positive) for serotype 1 and 1/1024 (positive) for serotype II in one patient, and 1/1024 (positive) for serotype I and 1/128 (negative) for serotype II in the other patient. The authors review the epidemiological, clinical, biochemical and diagnostic aspects of legionnaires' disease, which knowledge will undoubtedly allow to detect an increasing number of cases.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1981

[Hodgkin's disease presenting as an hepatic disease. Report of two cases (author's transl)].

During the course of Hodgkin's disease there is a low incidence of clinical manifestations of liver involvement: less than 15% of the patients present jaundice at some time during the evolution of their disease. The initial manifestation of Hodgkin's disease as an hepatic illness is a rare event. Two such cases are herein reported. The first patient was a 68 year-old male with a febrile illness of one month duration who 15 days before admission presented painless jaundice, dark urine, and discolored stools. The clinical work-up pointed to the possible existence of an extrahepatic cholestasis. At laparotomy a normal biliary tree was found, and surgical liver biopsy disclosed severe tissue cholestasis and a granulomatous portal reaction constituted by white blood cells, eosinophiles and histiocytes, most of them atypical and some showing features of Reed-Sternberg cells. The second patient was a 21 year-old male with a febrile illness of four months duration who developed jaundice and progressive mental obtundation one week before admission. The biochemical studies demonstrated severe pancytopenia and signs of advanced liver failure. Percutaneous liver biopsy disclosed a normal hepatic architecture and the presence of numerous atypical histiocytes in the portal areas. Lymphography showed sizeable pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodes. Subsequent laparotomy for lymph node biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis type. The authors suggest that hepatic Hodgkin's disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis of any febrile illness with jaundice.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Promoting effect of Roussin's red identified in pickled vegetables from Linxian China.

Roussin's red (dimethylthiotetranitrosodiiron) has been identified as a non-alkylating N-nitroso compound present in pickled vegetables from Linxian, a high risk area for oesophageal cancer in China. In vitro experiments showed that Roussin's red had no significant mutagenic and transforming activities at the doses used, but it did enhance transformation in C3H/10TI/2 cells initiated with 3-methylcholanthrene (0.1 microgram/mI) and it decreased the number of sebaceous glands and increased the epidermal thickness in short term skin tests. In this respect Roussin's red resembled 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate and the results indicate that it may be a new naturally-occurring tumour promoter. The in vitro promoting effect of extracts of pickled vegetables that has been previously reported can be explained, at least in part, by the presence of Roussin's red. The possible role of Roussin's red in the aetiology of oesophageal cancer is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Mutagenic, transforming and promoting effect of pickled vegetables from Linxian county, China.

A recent epidemiological survey in China showed that there is a regional distribution of esophageal cancer and a correlation between mortality for this cancer and environmental factors, especially the consumption of pickled vegetables. A series of experimental studies with pickled vegetable extract were done using different in vitro biological systems. The results showed that pickled vegetable extract induced 6-thioguanine-resistant mutants in V79 cells and increased sister chromatid exchanges in the same cells and in Syrian hamster embryo cells. Pickled vegetables extract induced transformed foci in Syrian hamster embryo cells and in 3-methylcholanthrene initiated C3H/10T1/2 cells. The mutagenic, transforming and promoting activities of pickled vegetable extract seen in vitro conform with in vivo results and provide evidence for the presence of a mutagen and/or a carcinogen in pickled vegetable extract. A possible role of pickled vegetables consumption in the etiology of esophageal cancer is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Metamorphic variations in the hemoglobins of Bombina variegata (L.).

1. The electrophoretic pattern of the anuran Bombina variegata presents one band only until the end of premetamorphosis. Afterwards three new bands appear which substitute the larval band within 15-18 days of metamorphosis. 2. The gradual change of larval and adult hemoglobin, correlated with the development, has been reported in a diagram. 3. In Bombina variegata the hemoglobin change is total, like in most amphibians, but starts earlier and develops slower than in most other species.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of fusion in pairs on the development of anurans Rana dalmatina and Rana esculenta.

Of 252 heterospecific, parabiotic pairs of Rana dalmatina and R. esculenta, fused during embryonic life, 87 died because the larva of R. dalmatina died at the beginning of its circulation. Later 89 pairs died when the R. esculenta larva died suddenly at the beginning of its independent feeding. Seventy-one pairs survived at the end of the metamorphic climax. Death in the first case is considered to result from some toxic effect, in the second from an immunological reaction. In the surviving pairs the duration of larval development in the rapidly developing species, i.e., R. dalmatina, was extended from two months to about four months, and in the more slowly developing species, i.e., R. esculenta, was reduced from about five months to about four. These changes in developmental rates are discussed in terms of changes in the concentration of the hormones controlling the rate of development due, in turn, to the parabiosis of embryos with different genetic constitution.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of intracerebroventricular administration of morphine upon intestinal motility in rat and its antagonism with naloxone.

Morphine, intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) or intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered to rats, inhibited intestinal propulsion as tested by a charcoal meal. Such an inhibition was shown to be linearly related to the log of administered doses for both routes of administration and the two linear regressions are parallel, so that morphine was calculated to be 206 times more potent when administered i.c.v. than i.p. A dose of morphine fully active by the i.c.v. route was completely inactive when injected by the i.v., i.p., i.m. and s.c. routes. Naloxone, administered i.c.v., blocked the antipropulsive effect of morphine i.c.v. or i.p. The pA2 of naloxone versus morphine, both administered i.c.v. was determined and calculated to be 7.14 (6.76-7.62).

Animals↗