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Biomedical subjects

M Sakurai

Publications and source records attributed to M Sakurai.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Respiratory muscle strength and gas exchange in neuromuscular diseases: comparison with chronic pulmonary emphysema and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

To examine whether or not the respiratory muscle weakness is correlated with decrease in arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), respiratory muscle and pulmonary functions in 14 patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMD) were studied and compared with those of 12 patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema (CPE) and 15 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by maximal static inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressure at three lung volumes (RV, FRC and TLC). Although mean pulmonary functions in NMD showed virtually normal function, respiratory muscle strength was significantly less than the corresponding values in CPE and IPF. In NMD, maximal inspiratory mouth pressure at RV level (PImax) correlated positively with %TLC and %VC (r = 0.652 and r = 0.536, respectively). Moreover, PImax was significantly correlated with PaO2 (r = 0.561), but not with PaCO2. Maximal expiratory mouth pressure at TLC (PEmax) correlated positively with %TLC and %VC. In CPE and IPF, respiratory muscle strength had no correlation with PaO2 and PaCO2. These findings suggest that inspiratory muscle dysfunction in NMD may be one of the factors responsible for determination of the level of hypoxemia and lung volume.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Two outbreaks of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 5a infection in Japan.

In the summer of 1984 there occurred 2 outbreaks of infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 5a. 58 persons ate meat products, vegetables and rice at a Japanese barbecue restaurant. 39/58 (67%) developed symptoms. In 19/39 persons an infection with Y. pseudotuberculosis could be diagnosed by stool cultures and/or serological techniques. Fever occurred in all patients, exanthema in 68% and abdominal pain in 68%. Thus, human yersiniosis due to Y. pseudotuberculosis 5a could be a febrile disease with exanthema and gastrointestinal disturbances. A transient acute renal failure developed around the 10th day of illness in 4 children. The source and mode of spread of this infection could not be clarified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Establishment of the new cell lines derived from the human renal cell carcinoma and study of the sensitivity test of anti-cancer drugs to cell lines].

We took cultures of many human renal cell cancers and established two cell lines in vitro which were derived from the spindle cell carcinoma of a 67-year-old woman (MR-1) and from the dark cell carcinoma of a 74-year-old woman (MR-2). Using a nude mouse, we established the cell line in vivo (MRV) which was derived from the same patient as that for MR-1. MR-2 was maintained through 140 passages and MR-2 110 passages. MRV was maintained through 7 passages. With passaging, the characteristics, the doubling times and the chromosomal numbers of these cell lines changed, these changes were caused by the transformation, the mutation and the selection of the passaging cells. The study of the sensitivity test of the anti-cancer drugs to the established cell lines was done using the radioisotope uptake assay in vitro and the tumor volume changes in nude mice in vivo. We considered there were differences between the effective drugs used in vitro assay and in vivo assay. As to radioisotope uptake assay, it is difficult to judge the exact effect of the plant alkaloids, which inhibit the cell division and are dependent on the contact time, and we may overestimate the effect of the cytotoxic antibiotics. Further investigation on the methodology of the sensitivity test of the anti-cancer drugs would be necessary for the clinical application.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Reverse occlusion diagnosed following angle SN to FH correction].

A 12-year-old boy was first seen with the chief complaint of reverse occlusion. His records allowed a class III malocclusion, crown fracture of 1 angle and -1.1 degrees angle SN to FH. Therefore, we corrected angle SN to FH from -1.1 degrees to 7 degrees and treated him with intermaxillary anchorage appliance and by the edgewise method.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Case of upper first molar (right side) distal movement].

The patient is a 10-year-old girl (Hellman's developmental stage IIIB) with a deficiency of upper second premolar (right side) erupting space caused by on upper first molar (right side) mesial shift). The treatment was proceeded with the looped lingual arch in the first place, the sectional arch and the open coil spring with the soldered lingual arch for reinforced anchorage in the second place. Consequently, the upper first molar (right side) was moved bodily without curve of the root in a short period, and upper second premolar (right side) erupted in a normal position.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1989

Chromosome pattern in juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and acute leukemia associated with neurofibromatosis.

We studied chromosomes of BM cells from four neurofibromatosis (NF) patients with leukemia. One patient had a normal diploid karyotype in the chronic phase of juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML). When the the leukemia evolved into the accelerated phase, she had cells with 46,XX,-7,+der(7)t(3;7)(q21;p22); the abnormalities resulted in a partial 7p deletion. In another patient with JCML, BM cells in the accelerated phase had 45,XY,-7. The abnormal cells with monosomy 7 disappeared from the BM after chemotherapy but reappeared later in the course. Another patient developed refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) and had cells with 46,XX,-6,+r(6)(p23?q21?); the abnormalities resulted in partial 6p and 6q deletions. The other patient with ANLL had cells with 45,XX,-7. Our findings and review of data on nine other patients suggest that BM cells of NF patients with JCML in chronic phase have no microscopically detectable chromosome changes and that cells with chromosomal deletion emerge when JCML evolve into the accelerated or blast phase. Thus, deletion of the whole or part of certain chromosomes, such as chromosomes 6, 7, etc., may be an important step towards the evolution of JCML cells or the development of de novo acute leukemias in NF patients.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Experience with clarithromycin in pediatric patients].

Clarithromycin (TE-031, A-56268), a newly synthesized macrolide antibiotic, was administered to children and its efficacy was examined. The clinical efficacy rate of TE-031 was 88.5% in 26 patients with pediatric infections. This rate was regarded as quite high. A side effect, transaminase elevation, was observed in 1 out of the 26 patients but it was subsided after a cessation of the antibiotic treatment. TE-031 was considered to be effective antibiotic for the infectious disease in the pediatric fields because of highly efficacy rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Experience of fluconazole in pediatric patients].

Fluconazole is a triazole agent and possesses a potent antifungal activity against fungi such as Candida, Cryptococcus and Aspergillus. Fluconazole is well absorbed following oral administration and shows bioavailability almost comparable to that attained in intravenous administration. The serum half-life is as long as about 30 hours and distributed widely into organs and tissues. Because of these it is expected to exhibit good clinical efficacy in the deep-seated mycosis. We evaluated the efficacy of fluconazole given orally to 3 pediatric patients with deep mycosis and also with aim of evaluating its prophylactic effect, gave fluconazole to 4 patients who had high risks of mycotic infections. Pathogenic fungi isolated from the 3 patients with mycosis were all Candida albicans and diagnoses made were Candida pneumonia, oral candidiasis and gastrointestinal candidiasis. Clinical efficacies were judged to be good in all of the 3 patients and C. albicans were found eradicated following the treatment. In the 4 patients to whom fluconazole was given prophylactically, no mycosis developed. Fluconazole was well tolerated and no incidence of side effects or clinical laboratory parameter abnormalities were seen any of the patients involved in the study.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Prognostic factors in small cell lung cancer: multivariate analysis in the National Cancer Center Hospital (Japan).

Consecutive series involving 172 patients with small cell lung cancer were analyzed retrospectively using eight pretreatment and two treatment-related prognostic factors in respect of their influence on survival. All the patients received chemotherapy with or without chest irradiation, according to phase II or phase III trial protocols of the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, from 1970 to 1987. The influence on survival of the various factors was investigated using univariate methods and Cox's proportional hazards model. In patients who survived for more than one year, a performance status of 0-1, limited disease, an age greater than 60 years, the absence of liver metastasis, radiotherapy to primary site and response to chemotherapy were determined by univariate analysis to be favorable prognostic factors. By multivariate analysis, performance status (P = 0.005), age (P = 0.026) and response to induction chemotherapy (P = 0.0001) proved to be valuable prognostic survival factors. The extent of disease which had been considered one of the most significant prognostic factors, was shown not to be a significant independent variable by multivariate analysis. Staging procedures may influence the prognostic analysis. Although classifying the limited or extensive stage of disease is still recommended, the current staging system lacks stringency and may not, in fact, reflect the tumor burden accurately. A simpler and meaningful staging system needs to adopted universally in order to continue the build-up of data for comparison from all institutions.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of adult Wilms' tumor].

A 49-year-old women who presented with right upper abdominal mass and back pain had a nephroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, in the right kidney. After radical nephrectomy the patient was treated with chemotherapy in the form of actinomycin D and vincristine. Despite the intensive chemotherapy, the patient died of respiratory failure by multiple metastasis at chest wall and lung. The pathology and treatment of adult Wilms' tumor were discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Chromosomal and immunophenotypic patterns in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL).

In this study of 33 T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T ALL) and 17 lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) patients, no relevant differences between the two groups were observed in clinical characteristics, response to therapy, and survival. We found translocations involving 14q11, 7q35, or 7p15, where T cell receptor alpha and delta, beta, and gamma subunit genes reside, in 20 patients (40%). Most of these translocations were seen with equal frequency in T ALL and LBL, indicating that, in a large proportion, the two diseases are different manifestations of the same lymphoblastic disorder. However, other translocations, such as t(9;17)(q34;q23), occurred only in LBL, perhaps pointing to the existence of subsets of LBLs that are distinct from T ALL. On the basis of karyotype, 50 patients could be classified into three groups: 20 patients with 14q11, 7q35, or 7p15 translocations (group A); 20 with other translocations, and/or deletions (group B); and 10 with normal diploidy (group C). There was no difference in survival time between any two of the three groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Lymphoblastic lymphoma associated with subcutaneous nodules, intramuscular mass, pericardial effusion and peripheral lymphadenopathy].

A 14-year-old boy was admitted to Department of Pediatrics at Mie University Hospital with a 12-day history of facial cervical edema associated with venous dilatation on the upper chest wall. On admission anterior mediastinal mass was found on chest X-ray film and computed tomography. A needle biopsy revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse lymphoblastic type and he was staged as III. He was treated with High-risk lymphoma protocol and achieved complete remission. At relapse he developed various manifestations unusual for lymphoblastic lymphoma including peripheral lymphadenopathy, an intramuscular mass of the lt-lower leg, multiple subcutaneous nodules at anterior chest wall and upper abdomen, and pericardial effusion. No lymphomatous infiltration into bone marrow or central nervous system was observed throughout his clinical course. Immunological phenotype of lymphoma cells from pericardial effusion was quite compatible with that of common thymocytes. However cytogenetic analysis showed unique translocation: (2; 5) (q 33; q 35). Translocations with a break at 5 q 35 have been reported in peripheral T-cell lymphoma and malignant histiocytosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatments for coronary artery disease associated with cancer: a consideration of simultaneous procedure of coronary artery revascularization and surgery for cancer].

There were 14 patients with a mean age of 65 years (ranged from 47 to 77) who had severe coronary artery disease associated with cancer of other organs. Stomach cancer was in 8 patients, breast cancer in 2, lung cancer in 2, rectum cancer in 1, and esophagus cancer in 1. They were treated with sequence of coronary artery revascularization and surgery for cancer; 9 patients in a two-staged fashion and 5 recent patients in a simultaneous one. In the series of simultaneous procedure, A-C bypass was combined with left ventricular aneurysmectomy in one patient and closure of ASD in another. There was no cardiac complication in both series, but one death from the complication of surgery for cancer in the staged series. Three patients in the staged series could not help being postponed the surgery for cancer by slow recovery from A-C bypass. In conclusion, coronary artery revascularization should anticipate surgery for cancer and simultaneous combined procedures should be chosen when possible.

Aged↗