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Biomedical subjects

M Sakatani

Publications and source records attributed to M Sakatani.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

A histologically distinctive interstitial pneumonia induced by overexpression of the interleukin 6, transforming growth factor beta 1, or platelet-derived growth factor B gene.

Interstitial pneumonia is characterized by alveolitis with resulting fibrosis of the interstitium. To determine the relevance of humoral factors in the pathogenesis of interstitial pneumonia, we introduced expression vectors into Wistar rats via the trachea to locally overexpress humoral factors in the lungs. Human interleukin (IL) 6 and IL-6 receptor genes induced lymphocytic alveolitis without marked fibroblast proliferation. In contrast, overexpression of human transforming growth factor beta 1 or human platelet-derived growth factor B gene induced only mild or apparent cellular infiltration in the alveoli, respectively. However, both factors induced significant proliferation of fibroblasts and deposition of collagen fibrils. These histopathologic changes induced by the transforming growth factor beta 1 and platelet-derived growth factor B gene are partly akin to those changes seen in lung tissues from patients with pulmonary fibrosis and markedly contrast with the changes induced by overexpression of the IL-6 and IL-6 receptor genes that mimics lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1995

[A clinical study of non-tuberculous pulmonary mycobacteriosis].

We studied the clinical features of sixty-one patients with non-tuberculous pulmonary mycobacteriosis (NTM), who were newly diagnosed at five national hospitals in Kinki area during 1993. The study subjects were composed of 31 patients with M. avium complex (MAC) disease (20 males and 15 females), 21 with M. kansasii (MK) disease (19 males and 3 females), 2 males with M. szulgai (MS) disease and 2 females with M. chelonae (MC) disease. The rate of NTM to all culture proven mycobacteriosis was 20.2% and the rate of NTM to all culture proven, newly discovered mycobacteriosis was 18.2% and the rates were higher than Sakatani's report in 1994 (14% in 1991). The ratio of MK to MAC was 22:35, and the ratio of MK was higher than the report of Sakatani. The mean age of patients with MK was 57.9 in male and 76.7 in female, that with MAC was 71.0 in male and 70.1 in female, that with MS was 57.0 in male and that 72.5 with MC in female. The proportion of elderly patients was higher than the former reports in Japan, especially in female with MK. The main lesions on chest X-ray was found in bilateral S1, 2(S1+2), particularly in the cases with cavitary lesions, but right middle lobe and left lingular lobe were mainly affected in some patients with MAC and S6 was often affected in elderly patients with MK. The chemotherapy with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and/or streptomycin (or kanamycin) w as highly effective in case with MK and MS disease, the efficacy was similar to pulmonary tuberculosis. Some patients with MAC were treated with combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs and new quinolons and/or clarythromycin, but the efficacy was not yet revealed.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1995

[Primary pulmonary cryptococcosis with pleural effusion, and clinical studies of five cases].

A 35-year-old man was admitted with fever and right-sided chest pain. A chest X-ray film showed an apple-sized mass shadow in the right lower lobe and minimal pleural effusion Cryptococcus neoformans was identified by culture of the pleural effusion. Transbronchial lung biopsy was done, and pulmonary cryptococcosis was diagnosed. The patient's condition improved after treatment with fluconazole and miconazole. Two months after discharge he was readmitted with a massive ipsilateral pleural effusion. The serum cryptococcal antigen titer was almost normal, and examination of the effusion for cryptococcal antigen was negative. The effusion resolved with thoracic drainage and administration of imipenem. The second effusion was believed to have resulted not from cryptococcosis, but from another bacterial infectin. This case indicates that determination of cryptococcal antigen in serum is useful for diagnosis of pleural effusion and for monitoring pulmonary cryptococcosis. Clinical studies of five patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis indicated that symptoms and abnormal laboratory data were positive only in those with rather large lesions. In all cases the diagnosis was made after transbronchial lung biopsy, and treatment with antifungal agents including fluconazole was successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma with Castleman's disease.

A case of pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG) with Castleman's disease in a 43-year-old man is presented. He was asymptomatic, but the disease was recognized due to a routine chest roentgenographic study. Anemia, multiple lymphadenopathy, hypoalbuminemia and polyclonal hypergamma-globulinemia were observed. Histological examination of cervical lymph nodes revealed the plasma cell type of Castleman's disease. The diagnosis of PHG was confirmed by video-assisted thoracoscopical lung biopsy, and the immuno-histochemical staining of lamellar fibrosis for types I and III collagen was positive.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Epidemiology of non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) in Japan].

An epidemiologic study of NTM was conducted by the Mycobacteriosis Research Group of the Japanese National Chest Hospital. The case cards of patients with NTM disease from 97 sanatoriums were studied. The total number of NTM patients newly admitted to these sanatoriums was 3,057 in the 8 years from 1985 to 1992. The number of NTM patients increased each year, and the prevalence was estimated at 2.99 per 10(5) population in 1992, which was double what it had been in 1985. In contrast, the rate of tuberculosis (Tbc) announced officially by the Ministry of Public Welfare was 15.2 (the rate was almost unchanged over the 8 years from 1985 to 1992). A total of 3,731 patients were supposed to be newly afflicted with NTM in 1992, and they accounted for 16% of all bacilli-positive patients infected with acid-fast bacilli. Of all NTM patients, 80% were infected with Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) and 10% were infected with M. kanaasii. In MAC cases, M. avium was predominant in the northern half of Japan (from Kinki to Hokkaido) and M. intracellulare was predominant in the southern half (from Chugoku to Kyushu). Of all the MAC patients, 52.7% female, the average age was 68 years, and in 52.3% of these patients the MAC infection accompanied other diseases such as bronchiectasis. Of the patients with M. kansasii, 92.7% were male, the average age was 53 years, and only 32.5% of the patients had other diseases. To obtain treatment with anti-tuberculosis drugs at public expense, many patients with NTM may be registered officially as Tbc patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

[Nontuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) in Japan--epidemiologic and clinical study].

The epidemiologic study for NTM was conducted among 211 national, provincial and private sanatoriums in Japan. The case cards of patients with NTM disease from 97 hospitals were collected by questionary method. The total number of NTM patients newly admitted in these hospitals were 2,873 in 7 years from 1985 to 1991, and the culture positive tuberculosis patients were 22,836 cases in the same period. The number of NTM patients with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and with Mycobacterium kansasii were 1,675 and 240 respectively. The NTM patients were increasing year by year and the prevalence rate was estimated at 2.45 per 10(5) population in 1991, while on the other hand the rate of tuberculosis announced officially by the Ministry of Public Welfare was 15.0 in 1991 (rates were almost the same in these 7 years). The almost 3,000 patients were supposed to be affected by NTM in 1991, and one out of 7 patients infected by acid fast bacilli may be NTM case. The 3 out of 4 NTM patients are MAC cases and another one is M. kansasii case. In MAC cases M. avium are predominant in the northern half (from Kinki to Hokkaido) and M. intracellulare are predominant in the southern half (from Tyugoku to Kyushu) of Japan. For MAC cases, the number of patients were almost the same in male and female, the average age was 66 and 67 years respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Asbestosis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1993

Acute interstitial pneumonia: radiographic and CT findings in nine patients.

The radiologic findings were reviewed in nine patients with biopsy- or autopsy-proved acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP). All patients had bilateral air-space opacification on radiographs and bilateral, symmetric areas of ground-glass attenuation on computed tomographic (CT) scans. The areas of ground-glass attenuation had a patchy distribution in six patients (67%) and were diffuse in three patients. Air-space consolidation was seen at CT in six patients (67%) and involved mainly the lower lung zones in three patients and upper lung zones in one patient and was diffuse in two patients. A predominantly subpleural distribution of the consolidation was present in two patients. Eight of the nine patients died within 3 months of presentation. The authors conclude that the radiographic and CT features of AIP are similar to those of adult respiratory distress syndrome and represent acute alveolar damage. AIP differs from the more chronic forms of interstitial pneumonia in clinical presentation and in pathologic and radiologic findings.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Diffuse panbronchiolitis: follow-up CT examination.

PURPOSE: The authors reviewed serial computed tomographic (CT) scans obtained in 19 patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) to evaluate changes in disease pattern over time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen patients with DPB were entered into the study. After initial CT examination, 12 patients were randomly assigned to receive long-term low-dose (200 mg three times daily) erythromycin therapy; seven patients received no treatment. RESULTS: Follow-up CT scans revealed that centrilobular areas of high attenuation observed initially had progressed to dilatation of the proximal airway in some patients in the untreated group. In the treated group, the centrilobular and branched linear areas of high attenuation were decreased in number and size, although the airway dilatation and decreased lung attenuation in the peripheral areas remained unchanged or were slightly increased. CONCLUSION: CT scans are valuable in the study of the disease process and response to therapy in DPB.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: progression of honeycombing at thin-section CT.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the progression of honeycombing at computed tomography (CT) and to determine serial changes in the pattern of disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scans, obtained in 29 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who had undergone at least two serial CT examinations 1-52 months apart, were reviewed. Twelve patients had received no treatment, and 17 patients had received corticosteroids. Initial and follow-up CT scans were evaluated independently and then directly compared with each other. RESULTS: Twenty-six of the 29 patients showed progression of honeycombing, which was variable at CT (median, 0.4% [range, 0%-11%] per month) but not significantly different between untreated and treated patients. Areas of ground-glass attenuation on CT scans preceded and were predictive of the development of honeycombing in that location. Corticosteroid treatment reduced areas of ground-glass attenuation, but honeycombing on CT scans was irreversible. CONCLUSION: Low-dose therapy with corticosteroids does not suppress alveolitis sufficiently to prevent continued deterioration of the alveolar structures.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[The epidemiology of pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium avium complex in Japan].

The number of the patients of active lung tuberculosis and nontuberculous lung mycobacteriosis (NTM) admitted to the 97 sanatoriums in Japan were studied. The number and the prevalence rate of tuberculosis did not decrease during the years from 1985 to 1990, indicating the prevalence rate of 43.1 in 1990 per 100,000 population. Nevertheless, the number of NTM has gradually increased in these 6 years. The prevalence rate of NTM and pulmonary M. avium complex disease (MAC) calculated were 4.18 and 2.46 in 1985, increasing to 6.90 and 4.53 in 1990. Consequently, annual number of the patients newly infected with MAC was suspected to be approximately 5500 in 1990 in Japan. These infections occurred principally in South-West of Japan in the previous years, and were not so common in northern part of Japan. However, a remarkable increase in the number and the prevalence rate of MAC infection has also been noted in northern part of Japan in these 6 years. The number of MAC patients distributed equally in both sexes and the average age was 67 years. The 60% of the patients had some underlying diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis: comparison of high-resolution CT and plain radiographic findings.

Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis is an immunologic disease that occurs only in Japan. It is a form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in which the clinical symptoms appear in the summer and subside spontaneously in mid autumn. The purpose of our study was to determine the CT findings in this condition, to compare the CT findings with those on chest radiographs, and to assess the variations in the CT findings over time. Accordingly, high-resolution CT scans and chest radiographs of 15 patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis were retrospectively studied. Seven patients had sequential CT examinations 18-37 days apart. The CT scans and chest radiographs were reviewed by two observers independently. CT findings included diffuse micronodules (n = 15), slightly elevated lung density (n = 13), and patchy air-space consolidation (n = 13). In one patient, the findings on a chest radiograph were normal, while CT showed parenchymal abnormalities. In two cases, follow-up CT showed micronodular abnormalities after findings on the chest radiograph had returned to normal. Our results show that high-resolution CT findings of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis include pulmonary micronodules, increased lung density, and air-space consolidation. High-resolution CT appears to be more useful than plain chest radiographs in the evaluation of pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities in this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Therapeutic effect of ofloxacin on intractable pulmonary tuberculosis and ofloxacin resistance of tubercle bacilli isolated from the patients. Chest DIsease Cooperative Study Unit of National Sanatoriums in Kinki District].

Ofloxacin, a synthetic antibacterial pyridone-carboxylic acid derivative, was used in the treatment of intractable pulmonary tuberculosis. In this study, the therapeutic effect of Ofloxacin on pulmonary tuberculosis and Ofloxacin resistance were analyzed. All patients had been hospitalized in eight national sanatoria in Kinki district, and were excreting tubercle bacilli resistant to various anti-tuberculosis drugs agents. Ofloxacin was given to 118 patients orally at a daily dose of 300 mg to 600 mg for more than 3 months. A few anti-tuberculosis drugs, which had failed in the negative conversion of bacilli previously, were used in combination. By Ofloxacin, 23 patients (19.5%) showed negative conversion of tubercle bacilli in sputum culture within 5 months, and they remained culture-negative for at least 6 months after conversion. Side-effects were observed in 2 patients. One complained of arthralgia and the other felt abdominal fullness. But both were not serious. From these results, it was concluded that Ofloxacin was effective for intractable pulmonary tuberculosis. The resistance of tubercle bacilli to Ofloxacin increased significantly after it was used.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Extrapulmonary lesions of sarcoidosis].

Varieties of extrapulmonary sarcoidosis lesions have been detected in Japan, mostly in the past ten years, including heart, CNS, liver, spleen, bone marrow stomach, colon, esophagus, pancreas, gall bladder, abdominal lymph node, kidney, muscle, bone, joint and others. Most of these were detected mainly at onset with sarcoid changes on chest film. Hepatic lesions have frequently been found by peritoneoscopy and liver biopsy, irrespective of the age of patients or stage of sarcoid change on chest film. Therefore hepatic lesions are very important in the diagnosis and following the clinical course of sarcoidosis. Recent diagnostic procedures of extrapulmonary lesion include abdominal, cardiac and muscle echography; brain, chest, abdominal and muscle CT; cardiac and muscle MRI; gallium scan; thallium myocardial scan, cardiac pool scan and Holter ECG. Extrapulmonary sarcoidosis lesions causing disability were located in the heart, CNS, eye, liver, kidney, muscle and bone. These disabilities were found predominantly in cases older than 40 years old, and were mainly detected at onset in the past 10 years. The duration of some of these disabilities was more than 10 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effect of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton on augmentation of cytotoxicity function in human pleural macrophages.

The ability of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) to augment macrophage cytotoxicity function was examined using human pleural macrophages prepared from 32 malignant pleural effusions and 53 pleural washings. The cytostatic activity of pleural macrophages for human lung cancer cells (PC-9) was augmented following incubation of pleural mononuclear cells with 10 micrograms/ml N-CWS for 24 h. Macrophage activity was increased by direct interaction of macrophages with N-CWS or by incubation of macrophages with supernatant culture fluids from pleural lymphocytes with N-CWS. The cytotoxic potential of the pleural macrophages obtained from patients treated with 500 micrograms of N-CWS intrapleurally was also increased. The heat and acid stability studies revealed that the culture fluids from pleural lymphocytes treated with N-CWS contained macrophage activation factor in addition to interferon-gamma. These results suggest that direct and indirect macrophage activation is part of the mechanism in which N-CWS has a clinical effect on malignant pleural effusions.

Adenocarcinoma↗