Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Saitoh.
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Whether to determine the urinary kallikrein (UKK) levels in the second trimester of pregnancy is valuable in predicting of gestosis, especially of hypertension, was studied using samples of urine obtained from 500 cases of pregnant women without gestosis, 50 pregnant women with gestosis and 50 cases of pregnancy with a variety of complications other than gestosis. The main results obtained were as follows: In normal pregnancy, UKK levels elevated with pregnancy for a peak in the first to the second trimester of pregnancy, tapering off thereafter. The UKK level was significantly lower in 20 pregnant women with gestosis especially in hypertensive type than in pregnant women without gestosis (p less than 0.001). Pregnant women with normal blood pressure who suffered no gestosis and had an extremely low UKK level, accounted for 9.8% of all pregnant women studied. This figure includes a large number of those who were in a high risk group for the onset of gestosis. From these findings, UKK was considered to be useful as one of the factors used in predicting the onset of hypertension in association with gestosis and we are now studying pregnant women in the 20th and 30th week of pregnancy in more detail.
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In our previous study, we reported that pregnant blood was hypercoagulable and hypo-fibrinolytic. However, localized fibrinolytic activity, e.g. in the placenta, seemed to be present, because of increased FDP and fibrinopeptide B beta 15-42 during pregnancy. In this study, we tried to find out the changes in the coagulation-fibrinolysis system as well as cold insoluble globulin when stress such as operative procedure is being added. In 25 cases of cesarean section in full term pregnancy without onset of labor, blood samples were collected before operation, during operation and 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours post-operatively for estimation of the coagulation factors (FXII, IX, VIII, VII, X, V, II. XIII. Fbg), fibrinolytic factors (plg-Act, plg, SFMC, FDP), prekallikrein, plasma serin protease inhibitors (AT-III, alpha 2-PI, alpha 2-M, alpha 1-AT) and cold insoluble globulin. 30 normal term-pregnant women as well as 30 non-pregnant women were studied as the control. The result showed that the activities of both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation factors were markedly increased while the Fbg and AT-III were markedly decreased from during operation to 3 hours after operation. FXIII was markedly decreased and FII was slightly decreased from during operation. The marked decreases in prekallikrein, plg, alpha 2-PI, alpha 2-M, alpha 1-AT together and marked increases in plg-Act and FDP were noted from 3 to 12 hours after operation. A marked decrease in CIG was demonstrated immediately after the operation and continued until 48 hours after operation. These findings suggested that hypercoagulable state and secondary hyperfibrinolysis were associated during and after cesarean section. Decreases in Factor XIII and CIG seemed to be a general reaction in the mechanism of wound healing.
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An experimental study of puncture technology for the kidney: We investigated the strength characteristics of tissues which are penetrated by the puncture needle for the kidney using a tension test. The tensile strength of the fascia, the muscle, the renal capsule, the renal parenchyma and the renal pelvis were 13.9, 1.1, 29.5, 0.5 and 21.4 kg/cm2, respectively. As the strengths differ, the needles for each tissue clearly need to be changed. Needle tip shape and needle material for kidney puncture were investigated by compression test, acryl resin injection into the renal vasculature, stereo-microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. These investigations revealed that the most suitable needle tip was a sharp cone shape, and material with a smooth surface and some flexibility such as Derlin seemed to be the most appropriate for the puncture needle for the kidney. Using the acryl resin injection method, stereo-microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, we studied the relative safety of single stage puncture and the repeated dilatation method to establish percutaneous nephrostomy. Single stage puncture seems to cause less damage to the kidney than the repeated dilatation method. Selective renal biopsy: A new puncture system using real-time ultrasound was developed at our clinic in 1978. The puncture procedure is monitored in 2 dimensional real-time images by a mechanical sector scanner equipped with an attachment for needle guidance. The application of the system to percutaneous renal biopsy is called "selective renal biopsy" because the specimen can be obtained selectively from any portion of the kidney.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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We developed a new scanner for transrectal ultrasonotomography of the canine prostate. Using this scanner, a clear horizontal tomogram of the canine prostate was obtained for cross sections at every 2 mm. Prostatic volume was estimated as the sum of the volume of each section. Accordingly, the weight of the canine prostate could be accurately calculated from the volume and the specific gravity of the prostate.
A mobile unit for mass screening of prostatic disease using transrectal ultrasonotomography was developed in December 1980. In the following years we screened 1,396 males over 55 years of age. We have detected 463 cases [33.2%] of benign prostatic hypertrophy [BPH] and eight cases [0.6%] of prostatic cancer. The detection rate of BPH and malignancy of the prostate was shown to be very high. Thus, the unit promises to be of value in preventative medicine projects for prostatic disease in Japan.
A new technique for performing renal biopsy using ultrasonic real-time guidance was developed at our clinic in 1978. The puncture procedure is monitored in 2-dimensional real-time images by a mechanical sector scanner equipped with an attachment for needle guidance. The technique is called "selective renal biopsy" because tissue can be obtained selectively from any portion of the kidney. During the last 4 years, 150 such procedures have been performed on 148 patients. The success rate has been 96%. No serious complications occurred.
Frank vectorcardiograms recorded on magnetic tape were analyzed by a computer. The study population was 835 normal children aged from 6 to 16. Magnitudes, angles (azimuth, elevation) of the maximal spatial QRS vector and QRS duration were calculated. The magnitude of maximal spatial QRS vector increased significantly in males compared to those in females at ages 9-10, 11-12 (p less than 0.01) and 15-16 (p less than 0.001). Though there was no significant difference of elevation in either sex, azimuth tended to move more anteriorly in females than in males. QRS duration in males became longer with increasing age, while in females at age 15-16, it decreased (p less than 0.001).
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In a case of primary reticulum cell sarcoma in the brain, histologically verified by biopsy, the tumor regressed twice on a CT scan without radiotherapy. The systemic freezing phenomenon was seen as a main clinical symptom. The patient, a 44 year-old male, first complained of decreased livido and festinating speech. He also showed frozen gait, micrographia, a decrease in spontaneity and urinary incontinence. Four months after onset he was hospitalized. Neurological findings on admission revealed freezing of gait, writing, and speech, but there was no weakness of muscles with normal tendon reflexes, and normal muscular tone. In the CT scan on admission, there were high density areas mainly in the head of the right caudate nucleus, the medial deep portion of the right frontal lobe, the right side of the hypothalamus, the anterior thalamus, the globus pallidus. There were also nodular-type enhanced effects in the same areas. Regression of the tumor was seen on the CT scans after administration of betamethasone. The tumor which had again increased in size regressed spontaneously without the use of steroids after 3 months. Thereafter, the tumor gradually became larger and an open biopsy was performed. Histopathological findings showed a reticulum cell sarcoma. There were no findings of systemic malignant lymphoma. Such intracranial malignant lymphomas showing repeated regression including spontaneous one are very rare in the literature. The freezing phenomenon in this case started with festinating speech and spread to writing and gait. L-DOPA had no effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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