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Biomedical subjects

M Sailer

Publications and source records attributed to M Sailer.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Characterization of the protein conferring immunity to the antimicrobial peptide carnobacteriocin B2 and expression of carnobacteriocins B2 and BM1.

Cloning of a 16-kb DNA fragment from the 61-kb plasmid of Carnobacterium piscicola LV17B into plasmidless C. piscicola LV17C restores the production of the plasmid-encoded carnobacteriocin B2 and the chromosomally-encoded carnobacteriocin BM1 and restores the immune phenotype. This fragment also has sufficient genetic information to allow the expression of carnobacteriocin B2 and its immunity in a heterologous host. The gene locus (cbiB2) responsible for immunity to carnobacteriocin B2 is located downstream of the structural gene for carnobacteriocin B2 and encodes a protein of 111 amino acids (CbiB2). CbiB2 was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion of the maltose-binding protein and CbiB2. The fusion protein was purified on an amylose column and cleaved with factor Xa, and pure CbiB2 was isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The N-terminal amino acid sequence and mass spectrometry (molecular weight [mean +/- standard error], 12,662.2 +/- 3.4) of the purified protein agree with the information deduced from the nucleotide sequence of cbiB2. Western blot (immunoblot) analysis indicates that the majority of the intracellular pool of this immunity protein is in the cytoplasm and that a smaller proportion is associated with the membrane. CbiB2 confers immunity to carnobacteriocin B2, but not to carnobacteriocin BM1, when it is expressed in homologous or heterologous hosts. No protective effect is observed for sensitive cells growing in the presence of the bacteriocin when the immunity protein is added to the medium. The purified immunity protein does not show significant binding to microtiter plates coated with carnobacteriocin B2 and is not able to inactivate the bacteriocin in solution.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

[Endorectal ultrasound for evaluating perirectal processes].

Between July 1992 and December 1993 we examined 258 patients by endorectal ultrasound at the Surgical Department of the University of Würzburg. In 24 (9.3%) patients we found 27 perirectal lesions. These comprised abscesses, cysts, primary and secondary malignancies, as well as various benign tumours. All lesions but one underwent histological and/or microbiological examination. Endosonographic assessment with regard to size, location and anatomical structure was correct in 24 (89%) cases. We performed ultrasound-guided, transrectal aspiration in six patients. Endorectal ultrasound is a useful complementary imaging device in the assessment of pararectal disease. Owing to its high resolution it may be superior to other methods (e.g. CT or MRI). Another advantage is the possibility of ultrasound-guided aspiration biopsy. Precise knowledge of the topographic anatomy and its endosonographic appearance is of great importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Chemical and genetic characterization of bacteriocins produced by Carnobacterium piscicola LV17B.

Carnobacteriocins BM1 and B2 are thermostable class II bacteriocins produced by Carnobacterium piscicola LV17B. These bacteriocins were purified by a three-step procedure that included hydrophobic interaction, size exclusion, and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The purified peptides and fragments derived by enzymatic digestion were analyzed by Edman degradation, amino acid analysis, and mass spectrometry. An oxidized form of carnobacteriocin BM1 (carnobacteriocin B1) was also purified and characterized. Probes synthesized using information from the N-terminal amino acid sequences for the purified bacteriocins were used to locate structural genes for the carnobacteriocins. A 1.9-kilobase (kb) HindIII fragment from a 61-kb plasmid (pCP40) containing the carnobacteriocin B2 structural gene and a 4.0-kb EcoRI-PstI genomic fragment containing the carnobacteriocin BM1 structural gene were cloned and fully or partially sequenced, respectively. Expression of the chromosomal bacteriocin and its immunity function requires the presence of the 61-kb plasmid. The results indicate that both bacteriocins are synthesized as prebacteriocins. Post-translational cleavage of an 18-amino acid N-terminal extension at a Gly-Gly (positions -2 and -1) site takes place in each prepeptide to yield the mature 43-amino acid carnobacteriocin BM1 (molecular mass 4524.6) and the mature 48-amino acid carnobacteriocin B2 (molecular mass 4969.9). These two peptides showed significant amino acid homology to each other and with those class II bacteriocins which contain the YGNGV amino acid motif near the N terminus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Characteristics and genetic determinant of a hydrophobic peptide bacteriocin, carnobacteriocin A, produced by Carnobacterium piscicola LV17A.

Carnobacteriocin A is a hydrophobic nonlantibiotic bacteriocin that is detected early in the growth cycle of Carnobacterium piscicola LV17A and encoded by a 49 MDa plasmid. The bacteriocin was purified using hydrophobic interaction and gel filtration chromatography, and reversed-phase HPLC. Three different active peaks (A1, A2 and A3) were detected, but the purified samples had identical N-terminal amino acid sequences for the first 15 amino acids as determined by Edman degradation analysis. Only a 2.4 kb fragment of the EcoRI digest of the plasmid pCP49 hybridized with a 23-mer oligonucleotide probe derived from amino acids 5 to 13 of the amino acid sequence. The structural gene for carnobacteriocin A is located 600 base pairs into the 2.4 kb EcoRI fragment, but no other genetic information was detected on this unit. The structural gene includes an 18 amino acid N-terminal extension of the bacteriocin, ending with Gly-Gly residues in the -2, -1 positions with respect to the cleavage site. The bacteriocin consists of 53 amino acids that differ markedly from the majority of hydrophobic peptide bacteriocins characterized to date. Based on the amino acid sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence a molecular mass of 5052.85 Da was calculated. Mass spectrometric analysis showed that the molecular mass of the major component (A3) was 2 Da lower, thereby indicating the presence of a disulphide bridge between Cys 22 and Cys 51. Carnobacteriocin A2 has a similar structure except that Met 52 is oxidized to a sulphoxide, whereas A1 appears to be a mixture of peptides derived proteolytically from A3 or A2.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

15N- and 13C-labeled media from Anabaena sp. for universal isotopic labeling of bacteriocins: NMR resonance assignments of leucocin A from Leuconostoc gelidum and nisin A from Lactococcus lactis.

A procedure for universal 13C and/or 15N labeling of microbial peptides which are produced by fermentation in complex media and its application to two food-preserving bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria are described. Isotopic enrichment of nisin A (from Lactococcus lactis) and of leucocin A (from Leuconostoc gelidum) is readily achieved using a soluble peptone derived from enzymatic hydrolysis (pepsin and chymopapain) of Anabaena sp. ATCC 27899 cells grown on sodium [13C]bicarbonate and/or sodium [15N]nitrate as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. Combustion of this peptone followed by mass spectrometric analysis indicates that 45% of the labeled carbon and 65% of the labeled nitrogen added to the Anabaena culture are utilized in the amino acids of the peptone and that the isotopic purity for both 13C and 15N remains essentially unchanged provided that the cells are grown under argon atmosphere to avoid nitrogen fixation. NMR analyses of [13C,15N]nisin A using H[13C]MQC, H[13C]MBC, 2D INADEQUATE, and H[15N]MQC techniques confirmed 1H spectral assignments previously reported for unlabeled material and readily provided carbon and nitrogen assignments. The results show that universal but not uniform 13C labeling occurs unless the nutrient source is completely isotopically enriched at high level (> or = 98%) because of differential levels of de novo amino acid synthesis. Application of NMR techniques such as TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, and H[13C]MQC to unlabeled and [13C]leucocin A afforded the complete 1H and 13C assignment. Leucocin A does not possess clearly defined conformational structure in DMSO or aqueous solutions.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic value of clinical, laboratory, and histological characteristics in multiple myeloma: improved definition of risk groups.

Follow-up data of 320 multiple myeloma (MM) patients entering the German Myeloma Treatment Group (GMTG) trial MM01 were analysed for factors predicting overall (OAS) and tumour related survival (TRS). Response to primary induction chemotherapy was relevant for prognosis if a limit of 25% tumour cell mass (TCM) reduction was used to separate responders from non-responders. Furthermore, TCM, histological grading of myeloma cells, degree of bone marrow infiltration, haemoglobin, platelet counts, calcium, creatinine, albumin, beta 2M, and Bence Jones proteinuria correlated to both OAS and TRS. Age was relevant for OAS only. The multivariate analysis revealed histological grading, TCM and platelets as the most reliable prognostic factors. Based on these data the Durie/Salmon classification could be improved by defining poor prognosis patients (50% TRS: 16 months) characterised by pretreatment platelets of < or = 150,000 and/or poorly differentiated myeloma cell morphology. Patients lacking both risk factors displayed 50% survival times of 46 months in stage III and 88 months in stage II.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1993

[The psychosocial status of HIV-positive mothers and their children].

We studied the psycho-social circumstances of HIV-positive women and their children, who were born between January 1, 1984 and June 30, 1991 and are being treated at the Department of Pediatrics. We interviewed 19 women out of 21 families using the problem-centered interview technique according to Witzel. 29 out of 30 children were older than 18 months. Four children were HIV-positive and the serology of one patient aged 12 months who had been perinatally exposed was yet unclarified. The study showed massive problems within these families, such as considerable partner problems, drug abuse and social isolation. Furthermore, there was a lack of child care to relieve the mothers. The predominance of drug problems and insufficient experience of social institutions with the problematic nature of HIV-infection in mothers and children require more efficient preventive measures.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of leucocin A-UAL 187 and cloning of the bacteriocin gene from Leuconostoc gelidum.

Leucocin A-UAL 187 is a bacteriocin produced by Leuconostoc gelidum UAL 187, a lactic acid bacterium isolated from vacuum-packaged meat. The bacteriocin was purified by ammonium sulfate or acid (pH 2.5) precipitation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, gel filtration, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with a yield of 58% of the original activity. Leucocin A is stable at low pH and heat resistant, and the activity of the pure form is enhanced by the addition of bovine serum albumin. It is inactivated by a range of proteolytic enzymes. The molecular weight was determined by mass spectrometry to be 3,930.3 +/- 0.4. Leucocin A-UAL 187 contains 37 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 3,932.3. A mixed oligonucleotide (24-mer) homologous to the sequence of the already known N terminus of the bacteriocin hybridized to a 2.9-kb HpaII fragment of a 7.6-MDa plasmid from the producer strain. The fragment was cloned into pUC118 and then subcloned into a lactococcal shuttle vector, pNZ19. DNA sequencing revealed an operon consisting of a putative upstream promoter, a downstream terminator, and two open reading frames flanked by a putative upstream promoter and a downstream terminator. The first open reading frame downstream of the promoter contains 61 amino acids and is identified as the leucocin structural gene, consisting of a 37-amino-acid bacteriocin and a 24-residue N-terminal extension. No phenotypic expression of the bacteriocin was evident in several lactic acid bacteria that were electrotransformed with pNZ19 containing the 2.9-kb cloned fragment of the leucocin A plasmid.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Incidence of congenital heart disease in Tyrol, Austria 1979-1983.

The congenital heart disease incidence study was designed to collect valid data with respect to new diagnostic methods and to an improved system of preventive health care in order to compare the results with former studies. In the years 1979-1983 there were 41,725 live births in the Tyrol. Among these, 341 cases of congenital heart disease were recognised giving an incidence of 8.2 per 1000. This does not imply a real increase in congenital heart disease, but can be explained by differences in methodological bias. As in previous investigations as well in our study, ventricular septal defect has been noted as the most common cardiac lesion. A remarkable result is a 56% incidence of spontaneous closures. Within five years, 81 children died; 89% of them died by the age of one year.

Austria↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of health and medical undertreatment on the clinical status and social behavior of infants and small children in a Romanian orphanage].

The homage of 135 abandoned children in the city of Resita, south west Rumania, has been checked by a medical team from the University of Innsbruck for social, clinical and hyginical situation. The local government had applied for such an investigation. Most of the infections and other diseases are based on a dramatically bad hygienical situation. 52% of checked sera were HIV positiv by RIA and Western Blot, moreover 60% Hepatitis B antigen positiv. We assume a high rate of horizontal transmission of the HIV virus. One of the main clinical symptoms was maternal-deprivation syndrome, with an incidence of 80%. Consequences in personal policy of the homage as well as medical strategies have to follow.

Child Health Services↗
PubMed1989

Flavovirin--a new antifungal antibiotic produced by the pyrenomycete Melanconis flavovirens.

The pyrenomycete Melanconis flavovirens was found to produce a mixture of two antifungal antibiotics. The first has been already described; the antibiotic is identical with thermozymocidin (myriocin). The second antibiotic is a new compound, whose isolation and identification is presented in this paper. The chemical structure of this substance (C21H37NO5) was determined to be 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-3,4-trans-epoxy-14-oxo-eicos-trans-6-enoic acid. After the producer it was named flavovirin and it possesses strong activity against yeasts and a moderate effectivity against filamentous fungi.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

Production of thermozymocidin (myriocin) by the pyrenomycete Melanconis flavovirens.

Submerged culture of the pyrenomycete Melanconis flavovirens produces a strongly active antifungal antibiotic. The antibiotic was isolated from the culture mash. In purified compound the physico-chemical characteristics, including 1H NMR spectrum, were estimated. The antibiotic was found to be identical with thermozymocidin (myriocin) as confirmed by comparison with synthetically prepared thermozymocidin.

Amino Alcohols↗
PubMed1988

[Pulmonary complications following bone marrow transplantation as seen on the x-ray].

In a retrospective study chest radiographs of 87 bone marrow transplant recipients were analysed. 36 patients had pulmonary complications with lung opacifications. Interstitial changes were more frequent than airspace pneumonias. The latter were caused by bacteria and fungi only. The most common cause of pulmonary complications was cytomegalovirus pneumonia. It was characterised uniformly by a bilateral diffuse interstitial pattern. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias were indistinguishable from CMV infection. Pneumonias caused by Epstein-Barr virus and protozoa, diffuse radiation pneumonitis and leukaemic infiltrates were rare and also associated with interstitial changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Continued cell cycling ability of HL-60 cells following 3HaraC incorporation: a combination of "double-labeling" and sister chromatid analysis.

This study was designed to determine if HL-60 cells could undergo one or more cycles of DNA synthesis despite containing 3H-cytosine arabinoside (3HaraC) in their genome. HL-60 cells were incubated with 3HaraC for 2 hours, washed and maintained in a medium containing bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). At fixed time points, cells were arrested in metaphase and prepared for chromosomal analysis. Treatment of the sample by an immunofluorescent monoclonal anti-BrdU antibody allowed us to determine the differential fluorescent pattern of sister chromatids in metaphase cells that had undergone two or more rounds of DNA synthesis in the presence of BrdU. Processing the samples by autoradiography demonstrated the presence of black grains (3HaraC) overlying the chromosomes. Thus, we were able to examine each metaphase for the presence of 3HaraC as well as the number of cycles it had completed in the presence of BrdU. We showed that despite the presence of 3HaraC in their DNA, some HL-60 cells were able to undergo two or more complete rounds of DNA replication.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1987

[Sonographic findings in 133 malignant breast tumors in relation to their connective tissue content].

The sonographic results of 133 histologically proven breast malignancies are reviewed retrospectively and compared with the physical, mammographic and histopathologic findings. All tumours are classified in three groups according to their cell-fibrous tissue relation. The ultrasound features that are typical of each category are demonstrated and discussed. A close relationship is found between the sonographic findings and the amount of connective tissue in breast carcinomas. Tumours with a predominance of fibrous tissue show sonographic characteristics regarded as typical of malignancy, such as irregular form, hazy contours, heterogeneous internal echos, and dorsal acoustic middle shadow. In contrast, ultrasound findings suggestive of benign lesions--regular form, smooth contours, increased dorsal echos--prevail in carcinomas with little connective tissue. Because of its superior accuracy in detection of carcinoma in radiodense breasts, sonography is a useful complementary method to mammography. On the other hand, echography cannot replace mammography as a screening method, since its sensitivity in detecting non-invasive and small carcinomas is distinctly lower.

Adult↗