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Biomedical subjects

M Said

Publications and source records attributed to M Said.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Intrahepatic spontaneous portosystemic venous shunt: value of color and power Doppler sonography.

Spontaneous portosystemic venous shunts (SPVSs) within the hepatic parenchyma are rare. Fewer than 50 cases have been reported, and most of them were diagnosed by angiography. We present a case of SPVS diagnosed by color Doppler sonography in a 5-year-old boy admitted for bleeding due to rupture of esophageal varices. Conventional color and power Doppler sonography as well as CT showed a large shunt between the posterior branch of the right portal vein and the inferior vena cava. We believe that accurate diagnosis and follow-up of SPVS can be done with color Doppler sonography without resorting to angiography.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

Endoplasmic reticulum contribution to the relaxant effect of cGMP- and cAMP-elevating agents in feline aorta.

The contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLB) to the relaxant effect of cGMP- and cAMP-elevating agents was studied in feline aorta. Sodium nitroprusside (NP, 100 microM) completely relaxed contracture induced by 10 microM norepinephrine. This NP-induced relaxation was partially prevented by tetraethylammonium, suggesting that a fraction of NP-induced relaxation was mediated by activation of K(+) channels. In the absence and presence of tetraethylammonium, the relaxant effect of NP was associated with a significant increase in Ser(16) phosphorylation of PLB immunodetected by phosphorylation site-specific antibodies. The relaxant effect of NP on aortic strips precontracted with 80 mM KCl was significantly reduced by 1 microM thapsigargin. This decrease, which represents the ER contribution to the relaxant effect of NP, reached 23 +/- 9% at 100 microM NP and was closely associated with a dose-dependent increase in Ser(16) phosphorylation (128 +/- 49% over control at 100 microM NP). Effects of NP were associated with a significant increase in activity of protein kinase G and were mimicked by 8-bromo-cGMP. Forskolin produced a dose-dependent relaxant effect on KCl-induced contracture, which reached 64 +/- 8% at 50 microM and was associated with an increase in phosphorylation of Ser(16) residue of PLB (88 +/- 18% over control). Thapsigargin reduced this relaxant effect by 38 +/- 9%. 8-Bromo-cAMP mimicked effects of forskolin. The ER-mediated relaxant effect and the increase in Ser(16) phosphorylation produced by forskolin were partially blocked by the protein kinase A inhibitor H-89 (5 microM). The results indicate that ER partially contributes to the relaxant effect of NP and forskolin in feline aorta. This effect may be mediated by the associated increase in Ser(16) phosphorylation of PLB.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2000

The biomechamcal and surgical solutions for patella implant in total knee arthroplasty.

A basic fault in designs of patella implants that calls for a prompt remedy is the inadequate polyethylene thickness in contact areas. The requirement for thickness of patella implants should be similar to the requirement set up by the FDA in 1993 regarding the tibial implants, that is, a minimal thickness of 8 mm. A solution is presented for the optimal design of the patella implant and for the appropriate surgical technique. The implant's undersurface that fixes to bone is concave and has a 1-cm wide but 5 to 6 mm short central peg that does not risk the integrity of the bone. Fixation of the concave aspect to the convex aspect of the bony patella strongly enhances resistance to medio-lateral and supero-inferior shear forces. The circumferential facet of the implant 8 mm thick assures uniform thickness of the entire implant and assures optimal mechanical properties of the polyethylene. The articulating surface is tailored to conform to the corresponding femoral trochlear groove and condyles. It can be made to fit any femoral component of any knee implant.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee↗
PubMed2000

Large bilateral adrenal incidentalomas complicating untreated 11B hydroxylase deficiency in the third decade of life. A case report.

The occurrence of bilateral giant adrenal incidentalomas is reported in a 22-year-old man who was evaluated for urinary tract infection. The right gland measured 16 cm, the left one 6 cm at computed tomography. Height was 145 cm, blood pressure 190/100 mm Hg. Testes were not palpable. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated levels of 17 hydroxyprogesterone:>50 ng/ml (n<1,1); 11 desoxycortisol: 919 nmol/l (n<30); testosterone: 19 ng/ml (n<0.7) and ACTH: 1 402 ng/l (n<48). Karyotype was 46 XX. The patient was a female pseudohermaphrodite with congenital adrenal 11 B hydroxylase deficiency. Adrenal masses responded to glucocorticoid therapy with marked reduction of their size after six months. We confirm previous recommendations that patients with adrenal incidentaloma should be checked for congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

Mechanisms involved in the acidosis enhancement of the isoproterenol-induced phosphorylation of phospholamban in the intact heart.

Previous experiments have shown that acidosis enhances isoproterenol-induced phospholamban (PHL) phosphorylation (Mundiña-Weilenmann, C., Vittone, L., Cingolani, H. E., Orchard, C. H. (1996) Am. J. Physiol. 270, C107-C114). In the present experiments, performed in isolated Langendorff perfused rat hearts, phosphorylation site-specific antibodies to PHL combined with the quantitative measurement of 32P incorporation into PHL were used as experimental tools to gain further insight into the mechanism involved in this effect. At all isoproterenol concentrations tested (3-300 nM), phosphorylation of Thr17 of PHL was significantly higher at pHo 6.80 than at pHo 7.40, without significant changes in Ser16 phosphorylation. This increase in Thr17 phosphorylation was associated with an enhancement of the isoproterenol-induced relaxant effect. In the absence of isoproterenol, the increase in [Ca]o at pHo 6.80 (but not at pHo 7.40) evoked an increase in PHL phosphorylation that was exclusively due to an increase in Thr17 phosphorylation and that was also associated with a significant relaxant effect. This effect and the phosphorylation of Thr17 evoked by acidosis were both offset by the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor KN-62. In the presence of isoproterenol, either the increase in [Ca]o or the addition of a 1 microM concentration of the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid was able to mimic the increase in isoproterenol-induced Thr17 phosphorylation produced by acidosis. In contrast, these two interventions have opposite effects on phosphorylation of Ser16. Whereas the increase in [Ca]o significantly decreased phosphorylation of Ser16, the addition of okadaic acid significantly increased the phosphorylation of this residue. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the increase in phospholamban phosphorylation produced by acidosis in the presence of isoproterenol is the consequence of two different mechanisms triggered by acidosis: an increase in [Ca2+]i and an inhibition of phosphatases.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1998

Mechanism of inhibition of rat liver bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase by triphenylalkyl derivatives.

A series of potent and competitive inhibitors of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase derived from 7,7,7-triphenylheptanoic acid has been synthesized in order to probe the active site of the isozyme involved in the glucuronidation of the endogenous toxic compound, bilirubin IX alpha. Like triphenylalkylcarboxylic acids, triphenyl alcohols were found to be very effective competitive inhibitors of the reaction (Ki 12 to 180 microM). Superimposition of the best inhibitors with bilirubin by computer modeling showed a marked spatial similarity, which accounts for the observed competitive-type inhibition. The bulky triphenylmethyl moiety of the inhibitor superimposed well on the part of the bilirubin molecule containing three of the four pyrrole rings. In agreement, substitution of the triphenylmethyl moiety by planar structures such as fluorenyl or indenyl rings completely suppressed the inhibition. In addition, the weak inhibition exerted by the shortest carboxylic acids could be related to the higher acidity of these molecules. The inhibition potency depended on the acidity of the molecules; the more acidic, the less inhibitory, suggesting that the presence of a negative charge on the inhibitor molecule prevents bilirubin glucuronidation. Based on these results, a reaction mechanism for bilirubin glucuronidation is postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Testicular microlithiasis].

Testicular microlithiasis is an uncommon condition in which calcified concretions fill the lamina of seminiferous tubules. It has a specific appearance on sonography with diffuse intra testicular echogenic foci without acoustic shadows. Testicular microlithiasis can be associated with various entities and frequently with primary testicular neoplasm. The authors report a new case of testicular microlithiasis diagnosed by sonography in a 14-year-old boy with epididymo-orchitis. Based on a review and discussion of the literature, the authors emphasize the importance of regular and protracted ultrasound follow-up and monitoring of serum tumour markers to allow early detection of primary testicular neoplasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Imaging of meconium peritonitis of pseudotumor clinical presentation].

An unusual case of meconium peritonitis is reported. A neonate presented with a huge multiseptate effusion in the peritoneal cavity in relation with a small bowel perforation. No calcification was visible. Such a presentation cannot be included in one of the classical types of meconium peritonitis. It could be due to a bowel perforation occurring immediately before birth and could therefore be related to a mixed fibroadhesive and generalized form.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1995

The descending septal branch (Bonapace's branch). A case report and literature review of this often forgotten branch. First description in vivo.

We present a 51-year-old female with exertional angina pectoris and a normal coronary angiogram who had a prominent descending septal branch originating from the proximal right coronary artery. This branch was perfused in the antegrade direction and did not show the tortuosity typical of coronary collaterals. The branch was almost 1 mm in diameter and supplied the middle third and basal two-thirds of the interventricular septum. The right coronary artery and this branch were free of coronary obstructions. The descending septal branch, described in 1921 by Crainicianu in a postmortem study, occurs in 12 to 85% of human hearts, but is still widely unknown. A review of the literature is also provided with special consideration of the functional importance of the condition and its prevalence in human and animal hearts. As far as we are aware, such a well developed descending septal branch in human hearts has not been described before. This is also the first description of a descending septal branch in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Ibn-Sina's concept of cardiovascular diseases.

Ibn-Sina's description of cardiac diseases has been logically and scientifically presented perhaps for the first time in the history of medicine through a classified description of cardiac diseases. The terminology employed by him is basically Greco-Arabic. Ibn-Sina with his logical mind, classified drugs according to their potency of overcoming malhumours. He is the first physician to correlate the diseases of the heart with the temperament and psychic make up of an individual.

Arab World↗
PubMed1995

Colonoscopic diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis.

An atypical case of acute appendicitis is reported, in which the initial presentation was not suggestive of this diagnosis. A routine work-up revealed elevated levels of inflammatory markers, an ultrasonographically normal abdomen and normal endoscopic findings in the upper gastrointestinal tract. During colonoscopy, performed 3 days after admission, the inflamed appendiceal orifice was localized and intubated using an endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) catheter; pus was aspirated. Elective appendectomy was carried out 5 months later on the asymptomatic patient. Histological analysis revealed fibrous thickening of the appendiceal wall, correlating with an old inflammatory process, along with changes typical for acute ulcerophlegmonous appendicitis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an endoscopically diagnosed and treated acute ulcero-phlegmonous appendicitis. We draw the following conclusions: (1) Acute appendicitis may present atypically, leading to an extensive clinical work-up including gastroscopy and colonoscopy. (2) This condition may be effectively treated, at least temporarily, by colonoscopic suction of appendiceal pus, provided that clinical urgency for laparotomy is absent. (3) Histological changes typically associated with acute ulcero-phlegmonous appendicitis may be present in asymptomatic patients and in patients without fever and with normal erythrocyte sedimentation rates and blood leucocyte counts. (4) Elective appendectomy should be considered in patients with conservatively healed acute appendicitis or periappendiceal abscess.

Acute Disease↗