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Biomedical subjects

M S Shin

Publications and source records attributed to M S Shin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Flap tolerance to ischaemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.

The effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on skin flap tolerance to 3 h of secondary venous ischaemia were evaluated. Epigastric island flaps were elevated 3, 6 and 12 weeks after induction of DM in rats. In the non-diabetic control groups, the flap survival was 85% in the 3-week group, 72% in the 6-week, and 78% in the 12-week. In untreated DM groups, the flap survival significantly decreased to 40% in the 3-week group, 25% in the 6-week, and 17% in the 12-week (P < 0.05 in all groups). Flap survival in the DM/insulin group decreased to 31% in the 3-week group. Effects of insulin therapy, however, were observed in later stages of DM: 71% and 62% survival in the 6- and 12-week group, respectively. Significant linear correlations between enzymatic responses and the flap survival were found. The results suggest that DM is detrimental to flap tolerance and is associated with the lack of metabolic responses to secondary ischaemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effects of 21-aminosteroid U74389F on skin-flap survival after secondary ischemia.

The effect of 21-aminosteroid, a lazaroid (U74389F), on tissue injury after secondary ischemia was evaluated in 3 x 5 cm island skin flaps in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 30). Primary ischemia was produced by arteriovenous occlusion for 1 hour. Eighteen hours later, secondary ischemia was inflicted by 4-hour venous occlusion. The treatment group received intravenous lazaroid (3 mg/kg) 30 minutes before the start of secondary ischemia. The control group received the same volume of citrate buffer vehicle using the same route and schedule. Skin-flap survival was an all-or-none phenomenon and assessed at 7 days after secondary ischemia. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was measured to determine the occurrence of lipid peroxidation. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was assayed to assess the degree of neutrophil infiltration. Treatment with this lazaroid significantly improved the survival rate from 0 percent (0 of 13) to 53 percent (9 of 17) (p < 0.01). Malondialdehyde content was 62 +/- 10 (mean +/- SEM, n = 4) pmol/mg dry weight in normal skin. Malondialdehyde increased by 3 times normal in the flaps destined to survive and by 13 times in the flaps destined to undergo necrosis (p < 0.001). Myeloperoxidase activity was negligible in normal skin. At the end of secondary ischemia, the flaps destined to survive exhibited a high myeloperoxidase activity. The flaps destined to necrosis showed the enzyme activity 2.2 times more than surviving flaps (p < 0.01). The results suggest that the lazaroid U74389F may improve survival by attenuating neutrophil infiltration and by reducing lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Langerhans' cell histiocytosis associated with Hodgkin's disease: a case report.

A patient who developed pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis after chemotherapy for nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease is presented. Twenty-one cases of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis associated with Hodgkin's disease have been reported in the literature. Such an association seems to be more than fortuitous. The possibilities of a common etiological agent inducing both Hodgkin's disease and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis and of a reactive proliferation of Langerhans' cells after radiotherapy or chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Bronchiectasis in patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. A rare occurrence?

The chest radiographs and computed tomographic (CT) scans of seven patients with homozygous proteinase inhibitor phenotype Z (PiZZ) alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency were reviewed. All patients except one showed severe emphysema with or without bullous change. Bronchiectasis was detected in three patients by CT but only in two patients by chest radiography. A young patient developed bronchiectasis before symptomatic emphysema. We stress that patients with PiZZ are susceptible to bronchiectasis, and the widespread use of CT should reveal its true incidence which might not be as low as generally believed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Pulmonary barotrauma in mechanical ventilation. Patterns and risk factors.

The incidence of mediastinal emphysema (ME) and pneumothorax (PTX) was analyzed to determine the roentgenographic patterns and risk factors for the development of barotrauma in a population of mechanically ventilated patients. The roentgenograms of 139 intubated patients admitted to our medical intensive care unit over a ten-month period were evaluated for the presence of ME and PTX. Barotrauma was diagnosed in 34 of these patients, and ME was the initial manifestation in 24 patients. Of these patients with initial ME, ten subsequently developed PTX, a positive predictive value of 42 percent. The adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patient population was at highest risk for barotrauma, with an intermediate risk seen in those admitted with COPD or pneumonia. Values of peak inspiratory pressure, positive end-expiratory pressure level, respiratory rate, tidal volume, and minute ventilation were significantly elevated in patients who developed barotrauma as compared with patients who did not develop barotrauma. However, these elevations in part reflect the high incidence of barotrauma in the ARDS population, a patient group in which all of the above parameters were elevated.

Barotrauma↗
PubMed1992

Diverse roentgenographic manifestations of the rare pulmonary involvement in myeloma.

Roentgenographic manifestations of two cases of pulmonary involvement with myeloma were presented. One showed a nodular mass lesion extending from an extramedullary mediastinal plasmacytoma into the lung parenchyma while the other showed diffuse reticulonodular infiltrate by myeloma cells in association with alveolar septal amyloidosis. These two cases demonstrate the extreme variability of pulmonary involvement by myeloma, which can mimic a solitary tumor or an inflammatory infiltrate.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Radiographic evidence of calcification in pulmonary hamartomas.

Eight cases of solitary intrapulmonary hamartomas are presented to show the unusually high frequency of calcification (75%, six of eight cases) in this series. Possible contributory factors were high percentage of chondromatous variant (seven of eight cases), large size of the tumors, and use of computed tomography.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Apical Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients not receiving inhaled pentamidine prophylaxis.

Isolated apical Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia might develop in AIDS patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. Demonstrated here are two cases of apical P carinii pneumonia occurring in patients not receiving inhaled pentamidine prophylaxis. Such isolated apical localization of P carinii should be differentiated from tuberculosis and fungal infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Unusual initial calcification of primary and metastatic seminomas. Detection by computed tomography.

Rare large ab initio calcifications of a primary mediastinal seminoma in a 16-year-old boy and of para-aortic nodal metastatic ovarian seminoma in a 14-year-old girl are demonstrated with CT but not with conventional radiography. They are most likely dystrophic calcifications because of the absence of other germ cell tumor components and infective granulomatous disease. Routine use of CT might detect more such calcifications in untreated seminoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst: spontaneous dissolution?

A well-demarcated, non-calcific, solitary pulmonary nodule was initially discovered 3 v2 years ago on a chest radiograph in a 43-year-old woman with recurrent acute bronchitis. The nodNle had been stationary with minimal change in size until the last radiographic examination which showed total disappearance of the nodule. A thin-walled, air-filled cyst was, however, demonstrated by computed tomography at the same location. The nodule was believed to be an intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst which developed communication with airway with discharge of its watery content, leading to its pseudo resolution.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Computed tomography of bronchiectasis in association with tuberculosis.

Eight patients with pulmonary tuberculosis proven by positive sputum culture were found to have various degrees of bronchiectasis by computed tomography (CT) but not by plain chest radiography. The CT is characterized by cystic dilatation of the thick-walled bronchi manifested as strings or clusters of pearls or grapes for cystic bronchiectasis and a "tram-line" appearance for cylindrical bronchiectasis. We stress that bronchiectasis remains quite common in association with pulmonary tuberculosis, and CT can replace bronchography for its detection.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an AIDS patient. Unusual manifestation as multiple cavitary and noncavitary peripheral pulmonary nodules and spontaneous pneumothorax.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a 52-year-old homosexual AIDS patient is described because of its unusual manifestations of multiple cavitary and noncavitary peripheral pulmonary nodules and spontaneous pneumothorax. Such manifestations might become more common in the future because of the improvement of diagnostic techniques and therapeutic measures.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Computed tomographic detection of cavitary lung lesion complicating use of flow-directed balloon-tipped catheter.

A classic case of Swan-Ganz catheter-induced pulmonary infection was studied with both conventional chest radiography and computed tomography (CT). Chest radiography initially showed a fan-shaped opacity in the right middle lobe which later became somewhat rounded with no discernible cavitation. However, a cavitary lung lesion with a bulls-eye appearance was clearly demonstrated by CT. We speculate that such a cavitary lung lesion might be quite common in catheter-induced pulmonary infarction when CT is widely applied to such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Computed tomography evaluation of pathologic processes in the potential spaces of the mediastinum.

The potential spaces of the mediastinum can be involved in a variety of disease processes and become evident by computed tomography study. The potential spaces may be distended with air, blood, inflammatory exudate, excessive fat, or tumor which separates and displaces the normal mediastinal structures. Seven cases with various pathologic processes are selected to demonstrate the computed tomography characteristics of such lesions. We emphasize the importance of computed tomography in evaluating and understanding various disease processes involving the potential spaces in an often widened mediastinum.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Solitary neurofibroma of the vagus nerve in the aortopulmonary window masquerading as a developmental cyst.

A rare case of solitary neurofibroma of the vagus nerve in the aortopulmonary window masquerading as a developmental cyst is reported. Its computed tomographic characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging are described and correlated with pathologic findings. Although the features of such imaging modalities are quite characteristic for a neurofibroma, its differentiation from "atypical" developmental cysts may be difficult.

Adult↗