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Biomedical subjects

M S Lin

Publications and source records attributed to M S Lin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Acetabular roof reconstruction with femoral head bone-graft for severe acetabular deficiency in total hip replacement].

From July 1984 to September 1989 at Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 14 patients (15 hips) received femoral head bone-grafting by modified Harris method as a part of their total hip replacement for acetabular bony deficiencies. They were followed up for an average of 31.7 months (range from 7 to 66 months). The clinical results were classified as excellent (58.3%) and good (41.7%) by Harris hip scoring system. All the grafts presented as "solid incorporation" with the pelvic wall and only one of the grafts was assessed to be "definite resorption" (volume reduction greater than 50%) by radiologic study. The "biologic viability" of these grafts were proved to be positive by scintigraphy in three-dimensional technique (SPECT). According to our limited experience and primary follow-up studies, we found that good clinical results depend on ideal positioning of the acetabular component in the true acetabulum and femoral head bone-grafting is an ideal procedure for the reconstruction of severe acetabular dysplasia in total hip arthroplasty.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1991

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy and electroacupuncture.

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is a painful and progressively debilitating condition. Untreated, it leads to changes in the patient's lifestyle that are consistent with chronic pain syndrome. This general overview of contributing factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of RSD presents three consecutive cases for which electroacupuncture (EA) proved to be an effective treatment for RSD pain. Possible underlying neuroanatomical mechanisms of RSD are addressed and the scientific basis for EA is considered briefly.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lack of specificity of DA/DAPI fluorescence.

Cytogenetic studies showed 47,XY, + mar in a developmentally retarded child with some features of Prader-Willi syndrome, and 46,XX in his mother. The marker chromosome showed a single subterminal primary constriction, bisatellites, and two C-bands. DA/DAPI staining showed two intense bands in the marker chromosome, which most likely was derived from chromosome 15. Intense DA/DAPI fluorescence was also found in one chromosome 13 in the child, and one 13 and one 10 in his mother. The present results confirm the reports of DA/DAPI heteromorphism in acrocentric chromosomes other than the 15, and demonstrate a pericentric DA/DAPI heteromorphism in chromosome 10.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of piroxicam on natriuresis and kaliuresis in hypertensives and healthy volunteers.

The effects of short-term piroxicam (P) treatment on natriuresis and kaliuresis were evaluated in 22 diuretic-treated hypertensives and 8 healthy subjects. Each hypertensive patient participated in three experimental periods, i.e., P 20 mg q.d. for 3 days and two control phases. Each healthy volunteer completed the six treatment phases, i.e., P 20 mg q.d. for 3 days, furosemide 40 mg orally in a single dose, P 20 q.d. for 3 days with furosemide 40 mg on the third day and three control phases. In healthy volunteers, P induced no change in 24-hour natriuresis and kaliuresis, but it reduced furosemide-stimulated natriuresis. In hypertensives with creatinine clearance (CCr) greater than 60 ml/min, P had no anti-natriuretic and anti-kaliuretic effects. In contrast, P induced a significant reduction in 24-hour natriuresis and kaliuresis in those with CCr less than 60 ml/min. Physicians should be aware of the potential risk of P-induced sodium retention and hyperkalemia, especially in patients with renal insufficiency, even though P was administered for only 3 days.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of vasculogenic impotence using dynamic penile washout test.

Two control volunteers and 8 impotent patients entered this study for evaluation of arterial function and venous competence of the corpus cavernosum. The skin and corporeal xenon-133 (Xe-133) penile washout tests were conducted on each person before and 5 and 60 minutes after an intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1. The half-time clearance (T 1/2) and blood flow (Q) were used for evaluation. The parameters of the skin washout test obtained from impotent patients changed from T 1/2 = 14.3 +/- 6.2 minutes, Q = 3.75 +/- 2.56 ml/100g tissue/minute preinjection to T 1/2 = 5.23 +/- 1.78, Q = 9.96 +/- 2.69 at 5 minutes post-injection and T 1/2 = 3.89 +/- 0.86, Q = 12.9 +/- 3.0 at 60 minutes post-injection, p less than 0.01; while the corporeal washout test changed from T 1/2 = 84.6 +/- 107.1 minutes, Q = 2.91 +/- 3.17 ml/100g tissue/minute to T 1/2 = 41.2 +/- 99.6, Q = 10.6 +/- 9.7 and T 1/2 = 13.9 +/- 16.2, Q = 7.78 +/- 6.35, p less than 0.05, respectively. The flow ratio (post-injection/pre-injection) was 1.01-6.04 at 5 minutes and 1.39-8.01 at 60 minutes later in the skin washout test, and 1.07-72.2 at 5 minutes and 0.60-45.7 at 60 minutes in the corporeal washout test. However, the individual variations were considerable. This study suggests that the Xe-133 penile washout test after an intracavernous injection may help in demonstrating the hemodynamics of the cavernosal arteries and dorsal arteries, and in evaluating the severity of penile vascular impairment. Moreover, the flow ratio may reflect vascular compliance; the higher the ratio, the better the compliance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Quantitative C-reactive protein in pulmonary infections.

A total of 207 cases were selected to evaluate the diagnostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) in pulmonary infections. The mean +/- SD of CRP values in various pulmonary infections were as follows: 18.62 +/- 11.34 micrograms/ml for 32 cases of exudative-fibrotic tuberculosis; 15.98 +/- 16.66 micrograms/ml for 15 cases of tuberculous pneumonia; 25.61 +/- 18.96 micrograms/ml for 29 cases of tuberculous effusion; 16.66 +/- 10.18 micrograms/ml for 11 cases of tuberculous cavity; 81.1 +/- 24.9 micrograms/ml for 10 cases of miliary tuberculosis; 36.4 +/- 22.1 micrograms/ml for 19 cases of mycoplasmal pneumonia; 241 +/- 72 micrograms/ml for 38 cases of bacterial pneumonia; 225 +/- 65 micrograms/ml for 30 cases of bacterial pneumonia with effusion; 169 +/- 50 micrograms/ml for 16 cases of lung abscess. The CRP values of other pulmonary infections were as follows: 20.6, 20.8 micrograms/ml for two cases of Strongyloides stercoralis pneumonia; 7.4, 1.6 micrograms/ml for two cases of aspergilloma; 11.2, 12.4, 7.6 micrograms/ml for three cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Serial changes in CRP values in 13 cases of well-treated bacterial pneumonia showed that values of CRP decreased to below half of the initial value on the 3rd to 4th day, and returned to about normal value on the 10th to 13th day. The study suggested that: a) various types of infections had different levels of CRP values, b) level of CRP values was determined both by the pathogen and the severity of inflammation, c) serial CRP values in bacterial infection could be used as a guide in treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Chromosome mosaicism in 6,000 amniocenteses.

Multiple cell-multiple flask mosaicism was found in 0.20% of 6,000 amniocenteses, and multiple cell-single flask mosaicism was found in 0.92%. Multiple cell-multiple flask mosaicism usually was found in fetal or infant tissues at delivery or elective abortion. Most multiple cell-multiple flask mosaicism involved sex chromosomes and was either 45, X/46, XY or 45, X/46, XX. Except for one fetus with 45, X/46, XX and an aortic coarctation, phenotypic abnormalities associated with sex chromosome mosaicism were not found in these patients. One normal boy has continued to show 45,X mosaicism during the first 4 years of life. Autosome abnormalities found in multiple cell-multiple flask mosaicism included del(18q) associated with fetal anomalies. Apparently normal phenotypes were associated with prenatal trisomy 17, two de novo supernumerary marker chromosomes, and monosomy 21. Since an aberrant cell line present in only one primary amniotic fluid cell culture was occasionally identified from another amniocentesis or at birth, multiple cell-single flask mosaicism involving a sex chromosome or a viable autosome abnormality cannot be assumed to be an in vitro event. Maternal cell contamination, which was found in 0.49% of amniocenteses, could have resulted in an erroneous diagnosis of fetal sex in two cases if cells from independent culture vessels were not examined.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1989

Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in infected patients with varying degrees of renal function.

To determine the single- and multiple-dose ceftazidime kinetics, we administered ceftazidime, 2 gm intravenous bolus every 12 hours, to 14 infected Chinese patients with various degrees of renal function. Blood samples were drawn in serial after the first and 7th dose and serum ceftazidime concentrations were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography. Ceftazidime concentration-time data were fitted to a two-compartment model with a nonlinear regression program. Ceftazidime kinetics was unaltered by repeated dosing. Both total body clearance and elimination rate constant of ceftazidime decrease significantly in proportion to the creatinine clearance estimated by Bjornsson's method. Renal insufficiency did not modify the steady-state volume of distribution (Vdss) of ceftazidime which, however, appeared to be larger than those reported previously. This larger Vdss may be explained by acute infection process, confinement to bed, and increased extracellular fluid volume as a result of hypoalbuminemia. Our study indicates the estimated creatinine clearance as a useful guide to ceftazidime dosage adjustment and also emphasizes the clinical relevance of conducting kinetic studies of antibiotics in infected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sister chromatid exchanges in the human active and inactive X chromosomes.

Four human female fibroblast strains with an i(Xq) or derivative X chromosome as a cytological marker for the inactive X chromosome were used to determine the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in the active and inactive X chromosomes. No significant difference in SCE frequency between the active and inactive X chromosomes was observed. Therefore, the state of chromatin condensation and the late DNA replication in the facultative heterochromatin of the inactive X chromosome do not appear to influence the SCE frequency.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1989

Diagnostic value of ferritin measurements in patients with pleural effusions.

The diagnostic value of ferritin measurements has been evaluated in 59 patients with pleural effusions (PE). The Mean(+/- standard error [SE]) PE-ferritin level was 1913 +/- 720 ng/ml in 10 patients with nonmalignant nontuberculous (nonTB) exudates (Group I), 594 +/- 110 ng/ml in 14 patients with TB effusions (Group II), 1286 +/- 194 ng/ml in 28 patients with malignant exudates (Group III), and 280 +/- 60 ng/ml in 7 patients with transudates (Group IV). Significant difference was found between Group II and Group III (p less than 0.05). The mean (+/- SE) ratio of PE/serum (PE/S) ferritin in Groups I, II, III, and IV was 3.5 +/- 1.1, 10.5 +/- 5.1, 4.9 +/- 1.0, and 2.0 +/- 0.7, respectively, and it showed no significant difference among Groups I, II, and III. There were good correlations between PE-ferritin and PE-LDH or S-ferritin, but no correlation between PE-ferritin and PE-protein. PE-ferritin revealed a considerable overlap among the exudative groups, and was of no value in the differentiation between malignant and nonmalignant (Group I + II) exudates. In the discrimination between exudates and transudates, the diagnostic accuracy (86%) of PE-ferritin was inferior to those (all 98%) of PE-protein, PE-LDH, PE/S protein ratio, and PE/S LDH ratio. Using PE-ferritin greater than or equal to 500 ng/ml in distinguishing malignant exudates from TB effusions, the sensitivity was 79%, specificity 57% and accuracy 71%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A five year study of neonatal hypoglycaemia in Toa Payoh Hospital (1984-1988).

A total of 18,611 live births from 1984 to 1988 in Toa Payoh Hospital were screened for neonatal hypoglycaemia. 102 neonates developed hypoglycaemia which was asymptomatic in 83% of cases. Of the 91 neonates whose medical records were still available, all had at least a high risk factor for the development of hypoglycaemia. Infants of diabetic mother (IDM) that were also more than 4 kg birth weight had the highest risk of developing hypoglycaemia. 82% of these hypoglycaemic neonates developed hypoglycaemia within the first 4 hours of life. Since so many of them had asymptomatic hypoglycaemia, screening of high risk neonates must be stressed.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

A quicker simpler method of pre-determination of the length of umbilical artery catheter insertion in Asian babies.

A total of 50 neonates with birth weights varying from 919 gm to 5 kg with acute respiratory distress were studied for umbilical artery catheter placement in the thoracic aorta at T7 to T11 vertebral body level. The length of the catheter to be inserted was by a simple formula ie. for a 1000 gm baby, the length of insertion is 10 cm (delete the 00 from 1000 gm), and add 1 cm for each additional weight group of 250 gm till 2250 gm. Above 2250 gm, the length of insertion is 15 cm for all babies. Considering the 49 babies whose birth weights were more than a kg, 47 babies had catheter tips located at T7 and T11 vertebral body level. This method was thus accurate in 95.9% of babies studied.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1988

Establishment and characterization of a human urinary bladder carcinoma cell line (TSGH-8301).

A cell line derived from a well-differentiated human transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, designated TSGH-8301, was established in vitro. The cultured epithelioid cells exhibited monolayer growth and loss of contact inhibition. The tumorigenicity of TSGH-8301 had been shown by growth in soft agar and tumor induction in athymic nude mice. A reverse ratio of lactate dehydrogenase (LHD) isoenzyme in the cell line and nude mouse-grown tumors was seen predominantly with LDH-V. Chromosomal analysis revealed a heterodiploid stem line with a modal number of 50. Sera of urinary bladder cancer patients reacted with membrane antigens of the TSGH-8301 cells, suggesting the existence of tumor-associated antigens in the cells. In vitro chemosensitivity tests of these cells may provide data valuable in the selection of proper anticancer drugs for the TSGH-8301 donor patient.

Animals↗