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Biomedical subjects

M S Jay

Publications and source records attributed to M S Jay.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Pediatric residents' assessment of adolescents' experiences during pelvic examination.

We compared male and female pediatric residents' perceptions of adolescent females' attitude and experience during a pelvic examination. Females (n = 112) ages 12-19 years were randomly assigned to a male of female examiner and to a supine or semisitting pelvic-examination position. Pre- and postexamination questionnaires were completed by the patients. Female physicians were more accurate in assessing patient discomfort (p less than 0.006),pain (p less than 0.0004), and embarrassment (p less than 0.0006) during the pelvic examination. The correlation between the physicians' and the patients' assessments of the completeness of the examination was stronger for the male physicians (p less than 0.003). These relationships remained constant for both positions. The female physicians' appeared to base their perceptions of the patient-physician relationship partly on the emotional responses of the patient such as embarrassment, fear, and relaxation (p less than 0.02). In contrast, male physicians' perceptions were associated with patient expressions of pain and discomfort (p less than 0.02).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Reiter's syndrome in an adolescent female with systemic sequelae.

Reiter's syndrome (RS) generally affects adult white males. It occurs infrequently in adolescents. This condition is characterized by a triad of symptoms: arthritis, urethritis, and ocular abnormalities, and it usually has a benign course. We report an atypical case of RS in a black adolescent female who developed articular and ocular sequelae. Despite aggressive medical therapy, one year after diagnosis her condition has deteriorated and she is confined to a wheelchair. Although RS is believed to be a brief illness predominantly affecting the joints of the lower extremity, this condition may have severe systemic manifestations with chronic sequelae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Influence of position during examination, and sex of examiner on patient anxiety during pelvic examination.

It has been reported that adult women prefer the semi-sitting position over the supine position for the pelvic examination. We determined the effect of the pelvic examination position and the examiner's gender on adolescent anxiety with the pelvic examination. Adolescent girls (n = 112) aged 12 to 19 years were randomly assigned to a semi-sitting or supine position and to a male or female physician. Before and after the examination questionnaires containing the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and other scales were administered. There were no differences between the groups in pre-examination anxiety or concern. Patients in the semi-sitting group reported fewer negative responses during the examination when examined by a male physician (P less than or equal to 0.009); those in the supine group reported fewer negative responses when examined by a female physician. These findings persisted after controlling for previous pelvic examinations, frequency of sexual activity, and Tanner stage. Patients who had previously had a pelvic examination and were examined in the semi-sitting position by a male physician reported the lowest levels of post-examination anxiety (P less than or equal to 0.02). Patients who had never had a pelvic examination expressed less anxiety if they were examined in the semi-sitting position by a female physician. These data suggest that the patient's previous history of pelvic examinations and the gender of the examiner should be considered when selecting the pelvic examination position.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Sjogren's syndrome in an adolescent.

Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca, xerostomia, and recurrent enlargement of the salivary glands. Most commonly noted in adults, it rarely affects adolescents. We describe a 15-year-old adolescent with recurrent parotid enlargement as an initial manifestation of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Differential response by adolescents to naproxen sodium therapy for spasmodic and congestive dysmenorrhea.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether adolescents with "spasmodic" dysmenorrhea (SD) versus "congestive" dysmenorrhea (CD) respond differently to naproxen sodium therapy. Forty-five females ages 12-18 years were pretested and randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to one of five treatment regimens of various dosages of naproxen sodium and placebo. Subjects were posttested at one, two, and three months. Subjects with initial Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) scores of greater than or equal to 76 were classified as SD (n = 28) and those with scores of less than or equal to 75 were classified as CD (n = 17). Subjects with SD had a significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) reduction in MSQ scores after the first month of naproxen sodium therapy. By the second month, the degree of reduction was associated with a loading dose of 550 mg of naproxen sodium. Subjects with CD had a dose-related (p less than or equal to 0.05) response to naproxen sodium therapy that appeared to be influenced by other factors. At the first month follow-up, greater post menarchal age and parents' education were associated with increased symptom relief following naproxen sodium therapy (p less than or equal to 0.05). At the second month, CD subjects with increased life crisis events and lower self-concepts had more severe symptoms following naproxen sodium therapy (p less than 0.05). Our subjects with SD symptoms had a greater response to naproxen sodium therapy than those with CD symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Isolation of Neisseria gonorrhea from the urethra of asymptomatic adolescent males.

Symptomatic infection with Neisseria gonorrhea (NG) has become a major health problem in the adolescent population. While sexually active adults, who carry Neisseria gonorrhea may serve as a reservoir of infection even when asymptomatic, there are few data documenting the frequency of the asymptomatic carrier state in adolescent males. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of NG isolates in a sample of asymptomatic adolescent males (ages 13-18 years). Urethral cultures and gram stains were performed on 249 males (95% black) from a lower socioeconomic background presenting to an adolescent clinic for routine health care. Of the 249 males cultured, 177 were without symptoms or signs of urethritis. NG were isolated from four (2.26%) patients (Z = 2.03, p less than or equal to 0.043). They were also isolated from 65 (90.3%) of the remaining 72 who had either symptoms or signs of urethritis. Although 26% of the patients had documented gonococcal disease, only 8% offered a genitourinary complaint at the time of initial evaluation. Our data indicate a low but statistically significant incidence of NG colonization comparable to that found in adult males in this population of asymptomatic adolescent males.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Factors influencing adolescents' responses to regimens of naproxen for dysmenorrhea.

The efficacy of different regimens of naproxen sodium for relief of dysmenorrhea in female adolescents was compared and the effect of other social/psychologic factors on the response to treatment tested. Following pretesting, 45 female adolescents were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to one of five treatment regimens and were followed up after 1, 2, and 3 months of treatment. There was a dose-related response to naproxen sodium therapy, with subjects receiving loading doses of 550 mg reporting better symptom relief than subjects receiving loading doses of 275 mg. During the first month of treatment, adolescents who reported increased life crisis events experienced greater symptom severity following naproxen therapy. Also, adolescents who reported more severe dysmenorrhea symptoms following three months of naproxen therapy had significantly lower self-concepts than adolescents who reported less symptoms following treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Myositis ossificans in an adolescent following sports injury.

Myositis ossificans, an abnormal formation of new bone in an injured muscle, can occur in young athletes involved in contact sports. Recognition and appropriate therapy can reduce associated disability. This report illustrates the condition and reviews the clinical manifestations and available therapeutic modalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Pneumothorax in an adolescent with fulminant systemic lupus erythematosus.

Pneumothoraces and pneumohemathoraces have been described in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although a spectrum of pulmonary involvement has been associated with SLE in childhood and adolescence, recurrent pneumothoraces have not been reported. We describe a case of a 13-year-old adolescent with fulminant SLE and a recurrent left pneumothorax.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Influence of psychosocial factors on adolescent compliance with oral contraceptives.

This paper prospectively tests the influence of a variety of sociomedical and psychosocial factors on compliance with oral contraceptives among adolescent females from a population at high risk for pregnancy. Fifty-six females aged 14-19 yr from a lower socioeconomic background received a battery of pretest measurements and were then given Ortho-Novum 1/35 combined with riboflavin during an initial visit and 1-, 2-, and 4-month follow-ups. Compliance was measured at each follow-up using a Guttman scale consisting of: (1) avoidance of pregnancy, (2) appointment adherence, (3) pill count, and (4) urinary fluorescence for riboflavin. Six factors were found to be significantly associated with noncompliance: (1) multiple sexual partners, (2) appointment being made by the adolescent, (3) low evaluation of personal health, (4) feelings of hopelessness, (5) worry about becoming pregnant, and (6) previous abortion. These findings suggest that certain indicators of sexual activity and social psychological status may help predict noncompliance in some adolescent females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effect of peer counselors on adolescent compliance in use of oral contraceptives.

Poor compliance with contraceptive regimens has been shown to be an important antecedent of adolescent pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to test prospectively the effect of a peer v nurse counseling program on adolescent compliance with the use of oral contraceptives. Fifty-seven females aged 14 to 19 years from a lower socioeconomic background were randomly assigned to a peer (n = 26) or nurse (n = 31) group. At the initial visit and at 1-, 2-, and 4-month follow-up visits, subjects received Ortho-Novum 1/35 combined with a tablet marker and were counseled by a nurse or peer. Noncompliance was measured using a Guttman scale consisting of: (1) avoidance of pregnancy, (2) appointment adherence, (3) pill count, and (4) urinary fluorescence for riboflavin. At the first and second follow-ups, the adolescents counseled by a peer had a significantly (P less than or equal to .038) lower noncompliance level than the nurse-counseled group. Adolescents with more frequent sexual activity (P less than or equal to .027), with one sexual partner (P less than .04), and who worried that they might become pregnant (P less than or equal to .01) had significantly lower levels of noncompliance when counseled by a peer than by a nurse. At the fourth month follow-up, adolescents who expressed feelings of hopelessness about the future had significantly (P less than or equal to .036) higher levels of noncompliance when counseled by a nurse than when counseled by a peer. These results suggest that incorporating a peer counselor into the health care team may be an effective method of increasing adolescent compliance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The patient with dysmenorrhea.

Although dysmenorrhea is a common gynecologic complaint, adolescents and young women frequently believe that no therapy is available and do not seek medical help. Diagnostic and therapeutic advances now allow the physician to effectively evaluate and treat patients with menstrually related discomfort. Although treatment of dysmenorrhea represents a challenge to the physician, careful assessment of the pain combined with application of new therapeutic modalities can result in successful treatment of patients who would have formerly lived with their discomfort.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Primary dysmenorrhea: current concepts.

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is not associated with pelvis pathology. It usually begins with the onset of ovulatory cycles, characteristically appearing in the year after menarche and increasing with time. The pain is associated with increased myometrial activity. Oral contraceptives and prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors are effective in alleviating symptoms. Causes of secondary dysmenorrhea, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis and uterine myomas, must be excluded before treatment is given.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vision and motion sickness.

The development of motion sickness appears intimately related to the visual system. The Sensory Rearrangement Theory states that situations which promote motion sickness are characterized by a condition in which the motion signals transmitted by the eyes, vestibular system, and the nonvestibular proprioceptors are at variance as to what was expected previously. The evolutionary significance of motion sickness rests in its linkage to an early warning system to avoid poisoning. Vision is capable of aiding in the development of suppression of motion sickness. Therapy of motion sickness includes posture, restriction of head movement, visual manipulations, concurrent activity, drugs, and adaptation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary position upbeat nystagmus with organophosphate poisoning.

Upbeat nystagmus is a vertical jerk nystagmus present in the primary position with a fast upward phase. It is to be distinguished from gaze-evoked upbeating nystagmus which is not present in the primary position, but is elicited only on upgaze. Drug toxicity commonly causes gaze-evoked upbeating nystagmus but rarely primary position upbeat nystagmus. A 21-month-old white girl swallowed Dermaton, an organophosphate pesticide, and developed primary position upbeat nystagmus, RBC and plasma cholinesterase levels were markedly depressed, confirming organophosphate poisoning. When the youngster was treated with intravenous atropine, the nystagmus quickly resolved.

Chlorfenvinphos↗