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Biomedical subjects

M S Ismail

Publications and source records attributed to M S Ismail.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Stimulation of the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue of goats and its effect on in vitro colonization by Pasteurella haemolytica.

Twenty goats of about 7 months of age were divided into five groups. The goats in groups 1 and 2 were exposed once, using an intranasal spray to 2 ml of an inoculum containing 10(6) colony-forming units/ml of living or dead Pasteurella haemolytica A2, respectively. The goats in groups 3 and 4 were similarly exposed twice at a 2-week interval. Group 5 was the untreated control. The number and size of the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) in goats exposed twice to either living or dead organisms were significantly (p < 0.05) increased compared with those exposed once and with the unexposed control. In vitro colonization by living P. haemolytica A2 onto the lung tissue in which the BALT had been stimulated by two exposures of either living or dead organisms was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced. The study indicates that stimulation of the respiratory mucosal immunity may prevent P. haemolytica A2 infection.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1998

13(2)-hydroxy-bacteriopheophorbide a methyl ester pharmacokinetics measurements with fluorescence versus absorption spectroscopy. Is there a difference?

OBJECTIVE: Quantification of photosensitizer concentration in tissue improves the planning and, subsequently, the outcome of photodynamic therapy. This study was designed to determine if the method of photosensitizer evaluation influences the accuracy of pharmacokinetic results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vivo 13(2)-Hydroxy-bacteriopheophorbide a methyl ester (13(2)-OH-BPME) pharmacokinetics in mice bearing LEWIS lung carcinoma was studied using fluorescence in situ and absorption spectroscopy (following photosensitizer chemical extraction) as photosensitizer quantification methods. The correlation of 13(2)-OH-BPME fluorescence intensity and its concentration using the absorption spectroscopy were determined for each tissue. RESULTS: The parenchymatous organs showed maximum 13(2)-OH-BPME concentration and fluorescence intensity at 2 h post-injection (lung, liver, spleen), and at 2 h post-injection in the kidney with both quantification methods (identical correlation). There was a difference in the time of maximum photosensitizer fluorescence intensity and its concentration in tumor, muscle, and skin (low correlation). The time of maximum fluorescence intensity in muscle, skin, and tumor was at 4 h, 12 h, and 12 h post injection respectively while its maximum concentration was at 2 h, 4 h, and 8 h post-injection. CONCLUSION: The method of photosensitizer evaluation affects the accuracy of its pharmacokinetic results.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Elevated serum prolactin level with high-dose estrogen contraceptive pills.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are currently groups of women using high-dose estrogen contraceptive pills, especially in the developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the duration of contraceptive pill intake, the dose of steroid contained in the contraceptive pills and the incidence and degree of serum prolactin level elevation in those women. STUDY DESIGN: This study was conducted in 100 contraceptive pill users. Women were randomly selected for this study with an age range from 19 to 35 years and duration of contraceptive pill intake from 6 to 120 months. Cases were classified into two groups. The first group (50 cases) were taking high-dose estrogen pills (50 micrograms) and the second group (50 cases) were taking low-dose estrogen pills (30 micrograms). RESULTS: The results of the present study showed that there was a significant elevation in serum prolactin level in both groups, with a more significant elevation in the high-dose pill users. CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive relationship between serum prolactin level and the duration of pill intake and their steroid content, and this relationship is not related to the age and parity of the women. The groups of women studied are scheduled for follow-up to determine if there is any future drawback which results as a consequence of the developed hyperprolactinemia. Prolactin determination should be considered for all women prior to pill intake. This determination of serum prolactin level prior to pill use will be useful in the evaluation of the future relationship between the estrogen content of the pills and the later development of hyperprolactinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Pharmacokinetic analysis of octa-alpha-butyloxy-zinc phthalocyanine in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, the pharmacokinetics of octa-alpha-butyloxy-zinc phthalocyanine (8-alpha-bo-ZnPc) was studied with regard to Lewis lung carcinoma in mice after intravenous administration of 7.8 mumole/kg body weight at different incubation intervals. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The newly synthesized potential photosensitizer 8-alpha-bo-ZnPc is characterized by a high absorption coefficient at the far red wavelength (735 nm) with a good singlet oxygen quantum yield. METHODS: After intravenous administration of 7.8 mumole/kg body weight in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma, the accumulated photosensitizer was chemically extracted (at incubation intervals of 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 168 hours) from selected tissues, and the concentrations were measured by absorption spectroscopy. RESULTS: The parenchymatous organs, liver, and spleen showed maximum 8-alpha-bo-ZnPc concentrations after 6 hours of incubation. An extensive uptake was detected in lung extracts taken at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. The malignant tissue did not accumulate high 8-alpha-bo-ZnPc during the entire investigation period. The photosensitizer extracted from muscle, representing normal tumor-surrounding tissue and skin, was even lower. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the extremely low accumulation rate of the tumor, 8-alpha-bo-ZnPc is suggested to be administered topically or in combination with a suitable carrier system in order to increase the photosensitizer concentration in the target tissue, as well as to decrease the loss of dye to other tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Assisted reproductive medicine: current Islamic bioethical rules.

The advances and wide availability of assisted reproductive techniques represent the dramatic changes that have occurred in infertility treatment and in attitudes towards the different options faced by both physicians and patients. It is a human right that individuals can freely choose reproductive options. Though reproductive choice is basically a personal decision, yet it is not totally so. Islam is a comprehensive system that regulates the spiritual as well as civil aspects of individual and communal life. It aims to develop the unique personality of the individual and a distinct culture for the community based on Islamic ideals and values. The basic concept of Islam is to avoid mixing genes as Islam enjoins the purity of genes and heredity.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1995

Immune complexes as monitors of cure in Schistosoma mansoni infected mice.

This study was done to assess the use of immune complexes estimated by micro-ELISA as monitors of cure of schistosomiasis mansoni experimentally infected Swiss albino mice which received praziquantel (PZQ) treatment. They were grouped according to duration of infection (4, 8, 12, 16w) and then subgrouped owing to post-treatment life span (4, 6, 8w). It was found that the changes observed in serum level of immune complexes (IC) would provide a good parameter to demonstrate the severity of infection and being an indication of improvement after treatment. The recorded changes confirmed the relationship between schistosomal hepatic affection and serum levels of IC. The study showed the potent anti-schistosomal effect of PZQ. It cured completely when it was given early after infection or improved moderately when given late.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Variations of direct fluorescent antibody test and serum bile acids levels following praziquantel treatment in Schistosoma mansoni experimentally infected mice.

This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency and use of an immunopathological test viz "Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test (DFAT) for detection of IgG and IgM deposits in liver and kidney biopsies" and a biochemical test viz "estimation of serum bile acids by enzymatic colorimetric technique" for follow up Schistosoma mansoni infection using Swiss albino mice. Test were done during infection and after Praziquantel (PZQ) treatment. Mice were classified according to the duration of infection and post-therapy periods. It was found that both tests should be used together to provide good parameters to demonstrate S. mansoni infection and to test the regression of the disease after treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Severe complications induced by experimental bacterial superinfection of orf lesions.

Twelve goats about 3 months of age were divided into 4 equal groups. Goats in Groups 1 and 2 were infected with orf virus followed by Corynebacterium pyogenes infection of Groups 1 and 3, 3 days after the first appearance of orf lesions. Goats in Group 4 were uninfected controls. Complicated orf lesions which consisted of wet suppurative scabs around the entire lips were observed in goats in Group 1. The lesions persisted for 24 days but were most severe from days 8 to 13. Goats in Group 2 developed lesions typical of orf virus infection that lasted 10 days, while goats in Group 3 developed small nodules of about 1 cm diameter, 48 hours following the introduction of C. pyogenes, which persisted for only 6 days. No lesion was observed in goats in Group 4. Two goats in Group 1 with complicated orf died after 16 and 22 days respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Circulating immune complex in bilharzial arthropathy.

Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the immune complex (IC) level was estimated in sera of 100 individuals grouped as follows; Group 1: 40 cases with bilharzial arthropathy. Group II: 20 cases with bilharziasis. Group III: 20 cases with rheumatoid arthritis. Group IV: 20 apparently healthy individuals. IC level was also estimated in synovial fluid of 4 cases with knee joint effusion. A significant increase in IC level in cases with bilharzial infection (with or without arthropathy) was noticed. This was higher in intestinal than in urinary bilharziasis. Further more IC level was significantly higher in cases of bilharzial arthropathy than in cases with bilharziasis alone. The IC level in synovial fluid was higher than in serum with a positive correlation. The role of IC as a causative agent in the pathogenesis of bilharzial arthropathy is clearly discussed.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

[Screening for hypertension by means of automatic measurement of the systolic blood pressure according to the Penáz-principle].

The plethysmomanometer after Penáz allows the automatic measurement of the systolic blood pressure in a finger artery. On the basis of the comparative measurements on 250 patients the result was a probably linear correlation with a correlation coefficient r = 0.821 between the systolic blood pressure after Riva-Rocci and the systolic pressure of the finger artery. Only in few cardiologic diseases (e.g. disturbances of the cardiac rhythm, severe cyanotic failures, arteriovenous fistules on the forearm) the devices cannot be used. Provided with adequate technical improvements the device might be used for the screening of hypertension.

Automation↗