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Biomedical subjects

M S Hale

Publications and source records attributed to M S Hale.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The effects of venlafaxine on social activity level in depressed outpatients.

BACKGROUND: Although most depression treatment outcome scales focus on symptoms, depression also affects daily functioning, social activity, and quality of life. We examined the effects of venlafaxine on social activity, general life functioning, and depressive symptoms in 2 placebo-controlled clinical trials of venlafaxine. METHOD: Subjects were 600 outpatients with major depression (DSM-III-R criteria). Treatment outcomes were examined separately in each study, primarily because of differing lengths of follow-up. RESULTS: Treatment with venlafaxine significantly improved activity level, general life functioning, and depressive symptoms. Treatment accounted for statistically significant changes in both activity level and general life functioning even after controlling for changes in depression. CONCLUSION: We provide evidence that social activity is a behavioral domain distinct from depressive symptoms and that venlafaxine improves social activity level and general life functioning in addition to its positive effects on depressive symptoms in outpatients with major depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Delusional parasitosis: a dermatologic, psychiatric, and pharmacologic approach.

Delusional parasitosis is a syndrome in which the patient has the false belief that he is infested by parasites. Although this is a psychiatric disorder, patients usually seek care from dermatologists. DP has various causes. It may occur as the sole psychologic disturbance, or it may be associated with an underlying psychiatric disorder or physical illness. A dermatology-psychiatry liaison is advocated for establishing a viable differential diagnosis and selecting appropriate therapy. The antipsychotic agent pimozide is currently the most effective treatment when DP occurs as an encapsulated delusion. Pimozide therapy requires careful monitoring because this drug has several potentially serious adverse effects, and relapse often occurs on discontinuation of the drug.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The power of statistical studies in consultation-liaison psychiatry.

Several authors recently have proclaimed the need for empirically based research articles in consultation-liaison psychiatry. The authors report that although the proportion of empirically based studies published in Psychosomatics increased 148% from 1979 to 1989, the power of statistical analyses and the deleterious effect of multiple tests were often neglected. A power analysis of empirical studies published in the 1989 volume year of Psychosomatics is reported, showing statistical power to be low for all but the most robust of effect sizes.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Hyperemesis gravidarum as conversion disorder.

Psychosocial factors have long been believed to be important in the pathogenesis of emesis gravidarum (morning sickness) and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Although this has been confirmed during extensive studies over the last 30 years, HG has never been described as a conversion reaction. We describe two women presenting with hyperemesis who clearly fulfill diagnostic criteria for conversion. We suggest that strong psychodynamic conflicts are expressed by this potentially dangerous symptom in a subset of individuals and that dynamic interventions have a role in treating certain patients with HG.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A model referenced method for the identification of evoked potential component wave forms.

Visual evoked potentials from rat visual cortex are described as the sum of components. Each component wave form is based on a mathematical model of neural activity. The model referenced approach yields an accurate description of the evoked potential wave forms before and after administration of an anesthetic known to alter neural activity. Thus, the method is efficient, is based in neurophysiology and is sensitive to drug effect on brain activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Spectral analysis of photic stimulation in migraine.

In seeking an electrophysiologic discriminator of migraine, we applied computer technology to power spectral analysis of the EEG with photic stimulation. In 11 normal volunteers and 11 migraineurs (both classic and common) we were able to classify all migraineurs and misclassified only one normal based on the spectral analysis. The discriminator contained 5 elements: the increased driving power of migraineurs with photic stimulation at 24 flashes/sec, 34 flashes/sec, and 38 flashes/sec; and the increased power in the alpha band in both parietal and occipital leads at 20 flashes/sec. Power spectral analysis in conjunction with photic stimulation may provide the necessary data for effective discrimination of migraine from non-migraine states.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Neuroleptic drug effects on average evoked response augmentation-reduction in rats.

The hypothesis that one of the effects of neuroleptic medication is the induction of a reducing response in the average evoked response (AER) was explored in rats. Periodic AER recordings were made in rats receiving either haloperidol or chlorpromazine, and following the drugs discontinuance. When compared to a group of rats which received no drugs, the drug groups showed a significant trend toward increased AER reducing. This effect was delayed from the beginning of drug administration, and reached a maximum following drug discontinuation. Suggestions are made regarding the significance of these findings for further investigations into mechanisms of neuroleptic effect and mechanisms of the augmentation-reduction phenomenon of the AER.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Low dose perphenazine and levodopa/carbidopa therapy in a patient with Parkinsonism and a psychotic illness.

Psychological morbidity is a common consequence of both Parkinson's disease and its treatment with antiparkinsonian agents. The authors describe an unusual case of a patient with Parkinson's disease and a psychosis who was treated with levodopa/carbidopa and very low dose perphenazine. The case raises the issue whether patients with profound psychological reactions to antiparkinson agents may be maintained on antiparkinsonian therapy by the addition of phenothiazines.

Carbidopa↗