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Biomedical subjects

M S Gulati

Publications and source records attributed to M S Gulati.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Clinical evaluation of supplementing tongue brushing to most advocated regime of tooth brushing.

Tongue, because of its surface texture contributes significantly in plaque formation and accumulation, has remained a neglected part in the oral cavity. The study conducted on twenty students aged 18 to 23 years, was undertaken to clinically evaluate the role of supplementing tongue brushing to most advocated regime of tooth brushing. In both the phases of the study, plaque scoring was done daily and oral debris was collected on the eighth day. It was observed that tongue brushing when supplemented to the most advocated regime of tooth brushing that is, immediately after breakfast in the morning and immediately after dinner at night significantly reduced the initial rate of plaque formation and total plaque accumulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of various root canal filling materials for primary teeth.

Four materials viz. zinc oxide-eugenol, iodoform paste, Kri paste, Maisto's paste and Vitapex (Calcium hydroxide + iodoform) were tested for their antibacterial effect against the aerobic and anerobic bacteria, viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacteroides melaninogenicus and mixed bacterial culture; obtained from infected non-vital deciduous anterior teeth. The antimicrobial sensitivity was checked on BHI-agar plates using well method. The results showed that all the 4 materials were distinctly different from each other in their antimicrobial activity. Maisto's paste was invariably the superior most in its antibacterial efficacy (in comparison to all the 5 micro-organism strains). Iodoformized zincoxide eugenol appeared to be the second best followed by Kri paste. Vitapex showed the least antibacterial activity.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1996

Morquio syndrome: a rehabilitation perspective.

Morquio Syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type IV A) is a rare inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by skeletal dysplasia, restrictive pulmonary disease and normal intelligence. Tetraplegia secondary to subluxation of C1 over C2 because of odontoid dysplasia is a common occurrence in these patients but there are limited descriptions regarding their specific physiatric management. Two patients (aged 20 and 17 years) were admitted to a pediatric rehabilitation facility after cervical spine stabilization following recurrent tetraplegia (C4 ASIA C and C4 ASIA D). Following surgery, patients were ventilator dependent and aphonic. One patient was successfully weaned off the ventilator to nocturnal BiPAP, while the other was able to tolerate three hours of ventilator free time despite being ventilator dependent for ten years. At discharge, both patients showed significant improvement in mobility, self care skills and communication abilities. Functional independence was encouraged through use of various assistive devices for mobility, activities of daily living (ADL) and communication. Group counseling and peer support were extremely helpful in their adjustment to disability. Physiatric intervention is essential and requires understanding of the unique impairments encountered by tetraplegics with Morquio Syndrome.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Uterine arteriovenous malformations: the role of intravenous 'dual-phase' CT angiography.

The authors describe the use of dual-phase intravenous CT angiography of the pelvis in two female patients, who presented with ongoing excessive vaginal bleeding, to demonstrate large adnexal and uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Power Doppler was used as the initial modality to diagnose the AVMs. CT angiography, along with 3-D rendering in the form of maximum intensity projections and shaded surface display, were especially useful for anatomical conceptualization to the gynecologist. This greatly helped in the subsequent management in the form of therapeutic embolization in both patients by reducing the time, radiation dose, and contrast required for the procedure. Subsequent surgery, which was required in both patients (due to failed embolization), was also greatly aided by the demonstration of the exact extent of the AVMs on axial CT images. Thus, CT angiography emerged as an impressive non-invasive imaging modality for the complete evaluation and management of the uterine AVMs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of extrahepatic portal hypertension and surgical portal systemic shunts by intravenous CT portography.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the splenoportal (SP) axis and patency of portal systemic shunts in extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHO) by intravenous CT portography (CTP). Fifty-five patients of preshunt EHO, and 21 patients of postshunt (surgical portal systemic shunts) EHO, were subjected to intravenous CTP on a subsecond helical CT scanner. Thin, axial sections and three dimensional (3-D) reconstructions, including maximum intensity projection (MIP) and shaded surface display (SSD), were obtained. The findings were correlated with Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI). In the EHO preshunt group, the site of the block demonstrated on CTP correlated with CDFI in 53 of 55 cases. In the postshunt group, shunt patency evaluation by CTP was in agreement with CDFI in 19 of 21 patients (8 patent; 13 blocked). Two patients in each group could not be evaluated on CDFI, while CTP could provide the appropriate information. There was no false positivity or negativity with CTP in patients evaluated on both modalities. The etiology of EHO, the global view of collaterals, and the 3-D anatomy of SP axis could be well depicted and was well accepted by the surgeons. We conclude that CTP is an impressive new technique that can effectively evaluate pre- and postshunt cases of EHO.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esophageal and gastric vasculature in children with extrahepatic portal hypertension: evaluation by intravenous CT portography.

PURPOSE: To compare the findings related to esophageal/gastric varices and congestive gastropathy on intravenous computed tomography (CT) portography (CTP) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHO) presented with hematemesis. METHODS/MATERIALS: Fifty pediatric patients (age < 15 years) with EHO (initially diagnosed on abdominal ultrasound) presented with hematemesis and underwent UGIE and intravenous CTP using a helical CT scanner. Axial sections of 2 mm each were obtained with a collimation of 2 mm and a table feed of 3 mm. CTP findings on these axial sections were compared with UGIE (gold standard). RESULTS: The sensitivity of CTP for detection of esophageal varices, gastric varices, and gastropathy was 32/33 (97%), 38/40 (95%), and 30/32 (93%), respectively. CTP showed false positivity as well, which was 5/17 (29%), 2/10 (20%), and 13/17 (76%) for esophageal varices, gastric varices, and gastropathy, respectively. On follow-up UGIE, the endoscopic features appeared in 14/19 (74%) of false positive patients. Therefore, false positivity for all the parameters on CTP when compared to the initial UGIE represented the changes in vasculature before they were endoscopically manifest. CONCLUSIONS: CTP was likely to pick up changes in esophageal and gastric vasculature earlier than UGIE in children with EHO presented with hematemesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT appearances in abdominal tuberculosis. A pictorial essay.

Abdominal tuberculosis continues to be endemic in the developing world and has shown a resurgence in the West. Computed tomography (CT) evaluation is singularly informative as it demonstrates involvement of the bowel, peritoneum, lymph nodes, and solid organs in a single examination. A spectrum of CT findings in an immunocompetent population is presented, ranging from subtle to advanced and common to rare. Genitourinary tuberculosis and tuberculosis in AIDS are excluded as they merit separate discussions.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stoke in the young: a four-year study, 1968 to 1972.

Twenty-six patients under 20 years of age having cerebrovascular disease were studied from 1968 to 1972. Common risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and heart disease were not present. Angiographical study showed a variety of abnormalities. No consistent defect was present. There was a high incidence of pyrexia and convulsions in the early stages of stroke and it appears possible that some form of arteritis might have been important in the production of the cerebral infarction.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiofrequency ablation: a new therapeutic modality for the management of hepatocellular cancer.

We report two patients of hepatocellular cancer who recently underwent radiofrequency ablation at our center. Both underwent successful ablation of the tumour requiring 1-2 sessions of upto 15 minutes. There were no post procedure complications. One of the patients had developed another lesion after 10 months of follow up and underwent another session of RFA, while the second patient is doing well after one year of the procedure.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aortic aneurysm and dissection: evaluation with spiral CT angiography.

The study was undertaken for aortic evaluation and to see its usefulness for assessing aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection and pseudoaneurysm by spiral CT angiography (CTA). A total of 28 patients with aortic aneurysm (n=19), aortic dissection (n=5) and aortic pseudoaneurysm (n=4) were included. CTA findings were compared with ultrasonography in 14, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in 14, MRI in 9; and surgical findings in 12 patients. CTA was an excellent imaging modality for comprehensive evaluation of aortic aneurysm, dissection and pseudoaneurysm combining the advantage of conventional contrast enhanced CT axial images and those of angiography in the form of 3D reformatted images.

Adolescent↗