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Biomedical subjects

M S Freeman

Publications and source records attributed to M S Freeman.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Aluminium deposition in liver and kidney following acute intravenous administration of aluminium chloride or citrate in conscious rats.

1. Plasma, urinary, liver and kidney cell aluminium (Al) levels were monitored in the rat, 1h after intravenous administration of 29630 nmol (800 micrograms) Al as either Al chloride or as Al citrate (Al chloride plus excess sodium citrate). Al levels were measured in plasma, urine and liver by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Liver and kidney Al content was measured at the cellular and subcellular level by electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA). 2. Urinary excretion of Al was significantly higher (P < 0.01), when Al was given as the citrate than as the chloride. After 1h, plasma Al levels were significantly lower in the Al citrate group than the Al chloride group (59 +/- 3.7 vs 877 +/- 214 nmol ml-1, respectively; P < 0.01). 3. Al concentrations were significantly higher in the livers of rats receiving Al chloride (818 +/- 252 nmol g-1 wet weight; P < 0.05), than in either control or Al citrate groups (122 +/- 41 and 107 +/- 26 nmol g-1 wet weight, respectively). Al concentrations derived from EPXMA measurements were in agreement with AAS values for the three groups, with significantly higher Al concentrations in the Al chloride group (1.7 +/- 0.4 nmol mg-1 dry weight; P < 0.05) than in the control or Al citrate groups, where Al was not detectable. EPXMA analysis showed that Al was distributed in all liver organelles analysed (cytoplasm, mitochondria, nucleus, ER) and was not preferentially taken up by any one organelle in Al chloride treated rats. 4. Significant amounts of Al were found in cytoplasm and mitochondria of proximal tubule cells of rats given Al citrate (0.64 +/- 0.15 and 0.80 +/- 0.11 nmol mg-1 dry weight, respectively), but not in nuclei or lysosomes of these cells. Al levels were not detectable in control kidneys, in proximal tubule cells after Al chloride administration or distal tubule cells after either Al treatment.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1990

Surgical therapy of the eyelids in patients with facial paralysis.

Patients with facial paralysis have a degree of lagophthalmos and paralytic ectropion. We present our experience in the surgical management of 25 consecutive patients treated for these problems. Paralytic lagophthalmos was corrected using gold weights inserted into the upper eyelid. The advantages and disadvantages of this surgical technique are reviewed. Medial canthoplasty and lateral canthoplasty were performed to rectify paralytic ectropion. Ancillary procedures included browpexy, upper-lid blepharoplasty, and temporalis sling. The results were excellent in 23 of 25 patients and good in the remaining two. After a minimum of 6 months' follow-up, there were no complications. The authors believe that the above procedures will yield consistently excellent cosmetic and functional results in patients with paralysis of the eyelids.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Incision planning and basic soft-tissue surgery.

Incisions in the head and neck region need not result in unsightly scars. For open incisions, use of the RSTL or skin creases, along with good soft-tissue technique and attention to detail on closure, will yield excellent cosmetic results.

Face↗
PubMed1989

Clavicular division technique. A new approach for lengthening the pectoralis flap.

Complications associated with using the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap increase significantly when a portion of the paddle is randomized and/or the flap is closed under tension. The clavicular division technique was devised to increase the length of the flap to help alleviate this problem. Thirty pectoralis major muscle flaps were dissected in fresh cadavers, using the clavicular division technique. The length of the flap after transposition was measured and recorded before and after clavicular division. The distance from the sternal notch to the clavicular division point was also recorded. The average gain in length was found to be 2.9 cm, with a range of 0.5 cm to 6.5 cm. The clavicular division technique has been used since in five patients. The increase in length has allowed us to discard some or all of the random portion of the flap. We advocate the use of this procedure on any patient where the surgeon is concerned about the viability of the random portion of the flap and/or when it is felt that the tension on the suture line is excessive.

Clavicle↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of patient response to preoperative computerized video imaging.

Preoperative computer-assisted video imaging was performed on 50 consecutive rhinoplasty candidates, along with routine preoperative photographs and assessment. Each patient then completed a questionnaire dealing with the imaging process. Patient acceptance of the imaging process was excellent. Responses indicated that most patients felt that video imaging improved communication between patient and surgeon, increased patient confidence in surgery and surgeon, and enhanced the patient-physician relationship. The future use of computer-assisted video imaging in teaching, preoperative planning, and improved post-operative patient satisfaction is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Giant acquired tracheoesophageal fistulas: strategy for successful management.

Giant tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEF) present a significant management problem for the head and neck surgeon. Chronic aspiration and sepsis are associated complications that occur in these patients, who are frequently already debilitated from pre-existing medical calamities. The combination results in prolonged morbidity and frequent mortality. Recently, we have managed two patients with this difficult problem. The first patient was managed using conventional methods well described in the literature with an unsuccessful outcome. The second was managed differently using a two-stage approach. The esophageal stream was first excluded from the respiratory system via a surgical approach, which to the best of our knowledge has not been previously described in the literature. After a period of convalescence, the patient's alimentary tract is reconstituted with a gastric pull-up, reversed gastric tube, or colon interposition. We propose this as an alternative method of management for TEF.

Adult↗