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Biomedical subjects

M Russo

Publications and source records attributed to M Russo.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Superoxide-independent hydrogen peroxide release by activated macrophages.

The present data show that freshly explanted BCG-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages release large quantities of hydrogen peroxide upon initial contact with a foreign substratum, without the requirement for other membrane stimuli such as phorbol diesters. The hydrogen peroxide detected under these conditions does not originate from extracellularly released superoxide, since 2 x 10(5) BCG-activated macrophages spontaneously released 1.6 nmol hydrogen peroxide but only 0.2 nmol superoxide. Thus, more than 90% of the hydrogen peroxide detected was not derived from extracellular superoxide dismutation. The dissociation between hydrogen peroxide and superoxide release was further demonstrated in cytochalasin B- or lidocaine-treated cells or in the absence of glucose. Under these conditions, hydrogen peroxide release was markedly inhibited while superoxide release was unaffected. These observations provide evidence that another metabolic pathway is involved in the generation and release of hydrogen peroxide during adherence and spreading of freshly explanted activated macrophages onto a substratum.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of tricyclic antidepressant plasma levels by an automated enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) in comparison to a high-performance liquid chromatographic method.

A new homogeneous enzyme immunoassay technique (EMIT) for the measurement of plasma levels of amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, and desipramine was used with an automated procedure and the results were compared to those of a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. Precision of the EMIT test was similar to that of the HPLC method with within-day coefficients of variation in the range of 3.9-10.9% (EMIT) and 3.9-9.6% (HPLC). The day-to-day coefficients of variation ranged from 4.4 to 11.7% for EMIT and from 6.1 to 8.4% for HPLC. Samples from 124 patients were analyzed by both methods and a good correlation was observed for all the four drugs. A paired t test indicated no significant difference for the EMIT and HPLC values. No significant interferences were observed between the tricyclics tested and other commonly associated drugs, such as benzodiazepines and neuroleptics. The new EMIT assay proved to be rapid and easy to perform and showed sufficient reliability and reproducibility to be used for either emergency or routine analysis.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMed1987

Cytopathology in the identification and classification of tombusviruses.

Ten recognized members of the tombusvirus group, including two strains of tomato bushy stunt virus, were compared for their ultrastructural effects in Nicotiana clevelandii, Gomphrena globosa, and Chenopodium quinoa. The cytopathic inclusions known as multivesicular bodies and tonoplast evaginations containing virus particles were induced by all the viruses in all three hosts. Some of the viruses could be differentiated from each other (especially in C. quinoa) by other characters, such as the accumulation of membranes in cell nuclei, or the type of organelle (chloroplasts, mitochondria or peroxisomes) from which multivesicular bodies developed. The usefulness of these characters for virus identification and grouping is discussed.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1987

Experimental paracoccidioidomycosis: early immunosuppression occurs in susceptible mice after infection with pathogenic fungi.

The course of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection depends on the natural resistance of the host and on the virulence of the fungus isolate. In the present study the immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was investigated in susceptible (B10.A) and resistant (A/SN) mice after intraperitoneal (ip) infection with pathogenic (Pb18) and apathogenic (IVIC Pb267) P. brasiliensis isolates. Infection with Pb18 yeast cells quickly induces a state of immunodepression only in the susceptible mice. This immunosuppression was not observed when mice were inoculated with IVIC Pb267 yeast.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of the antidepressant drug viloxazine in normal subjects and in epileptic patients receiving chronic anticonvulsant treatment.

In order to evaluate the influence of chronic antiepileptic drug treatment on the kinetics of the antidepressant viloxazine (VLX), six drug-free control subjects and six epileptic patients treated with one or two anticonvulsants (phenobarbital, carbamazepine or phenytoin) were given a single oral dose of VLX (200 mg). On a separate occasion, the patients were also given 200 mg VLX by IV infusion. Plasma VLX levels were determined by GLC. Following oral dosing, VLX was rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (peak levels at 0.5-4 h); plasma level profiles showed a considerable interindividual variability but did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Terminal half-lives were 4.3 +/- 1.5 h in the patients and 4.3 +/- 1.8 h in the controls. Clearance and volume of distribution calculated after IV dosing in the patients were 124 +/- 11 ml h-1 kg-1 and 0.73 +/- 0.28 l/kg, respectively. The absolute oral availability was 85 +/- 14%. At variance with findings reported for other antidepressants, VLX kinetics do not appear to be significantly altered by concurrent treatment with enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs.

Adult↗