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Biomedical subjects

M Rubin

Publications and source records attributed to M Rubin.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma lipoprotein pattern during long-term home parenteral nutrition with two lipid emulsions.

Hypertriglyceridemia induced by short-term lipid infusions causes redistribution of neutral lipid components between endogenous lipoproteins and emulsion particles. To determine whether such redistribution occurs over a long-term infusion period and affects lipoprotein pattern, we studied seven patients with inflammatory bowel disease who received cyclic home parenteral nutrition for two consecutive periods of 3 months with two different lipid emulsions. During each period, they received in random order either an emulsion composed exclusively of soy-derived long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) or another emulsion containing an equal weight:weight mixture of long- and medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs/LCTs). Both emulsions contained 20 triglycerides (TGs) and 1.2 phospholipids. Lipids provided 50 of nonprotein energy. Blood samples were taken once a week, 1 hour before the end of infusion (during) and again after a 6- to 8-h lipid-free interval (baseline). During infusion, there was a moderate increase of plasma TGs and phospholipids and a slight decrease of plasma esterified cholesterol (CE) and free cholesterol. Most of the plasma TGs increase occurred in the very-low-density lipoprotein fraction (containing both emulsion particles and the endogenous very-low-density lipoprotein), but there was also an increase of TGs content in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) that was more pronounced with MCTs/LCTs. Acquisition by exogenous particles of CE transferred from LDL and HDL was significant for the LCT emulsion only. Although no change was observed in plasma lipid concentration of baseline samples during 3 months of home parenteral nutrition, some modifications were observed in the composition of lipoprotein fractions demonstrating a redistribution of lipid components.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cholesterol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health-related relief in the former Yugoslavia: needs, demands, and supplies.

INTRODUCTION: Many organizations rally to areas to provide assistance to a population during a disaster. Little is known about the ability of the materials and services provided to meet the actual needs and demands of the affected population. This study sought to identify the perceptions of representatives of the international organizations providing this aid, the international workers involved with the delivery of this aid, the workers who were employed locally by the international organizations, the recipients, and the local authorities. This study sought to identify the perceptions of these personnel relative to the adequacies of the supplies in meeting the needs and demands of the population during and following the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina. METHODS: Structured interviews were conducted with representatives of international organizations and workers providing aid and with locally employed workers, recipients of the assistance, and the authorities of the areas involved. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assist in the analysis of the data. RESULTS: Eighty-eight interviews were conducted. A total of 246 organizations were identified as providing assistance within the area, and 54% were involved with health-related activities including: 1) the provision of medications; 2) public health measures; and 3) medical equipment or parts for the same. Internationals believed that a higher proportion of the needs were being met by the assistance (73.4 +/- 16.4%) than did the nationals (52.1 +/- 23.3%; p < 0.001). All groups believed that approximately 50% of the demands of the affected population were being addressed. However, 87% of the international interviewees believed that the affected population was requesting more than it actually needed. While 27% of the international participants believed that > or = 25% of what was provided was unusable, 80% of the recipients felt that > or = 25% of the provisions were not usable. Whereas two-thirds of the international participants believed that > or = 25% of the demands for assistance by the affected community could not be justified, only 20% of the recipients and authorities believed > or = 25% of the demands were unjustified. CONCLUSIONS: Many organizations are involved in the provision of medical assistance during a disaster. However, international organizations and workers believe their efforts are more effective than do the recipients.

Bosnia and Herzegovina↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Automation of ambulatory Doppler color echocardiography using a relational data base in a personal computer].

Office automation in echocardiography is necessary linked to the need of speeding up the reporting which is generally done, to date, in a subsequent phase and it is time consuming With the present work we suggest a software made with the dBASE III Plus applied package, on a PS/2 IBM computer which makes it possible to quickly calculate the bodily surface and at the same time having instantaneous presentation of the normality ranges of the cardiac structures, of the myocardiac kinesis and the Doppler-color appraisal of valvular flows. The speed of reporting is greatly increased and all the data taken make up a database standardized for future statistical elaborations, besides providing an electronic file of echocardiographical reports.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous causal searching and adjustment to abnormal Papanicolaou test results.

A search for the cause of unexpected negative events has been proposed to occur commonly and to promote adjustment. The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the frequency of spontaneous causal searching about abnormal Papanicolaou test (Pap) results and the relationship between searching and adjustment to these results. Participants (N = 118) had abnormal Pap results indicating a need for follow-up with colposcopy. The questions asked on hearing these results were coded for content reflecting spontaneous causal searching. Measures of adjustment (type of expectations about follow-up, negative emotions, and prompt attendance) were obtained at follow-up. Only 34% of participants spontaneously asked causal questions. Causal searching was not associated with expectations, emotions, or attendance.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing in space.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spouses' body image changes during and after pregnancy: a replication and extension.

This longitudinal study replicated and extended an investigation of the relation between spouses' strength of identification and similarities in their patterns of change in body image components during and after pregnancy. The sample included 54 married couples. The results did not duplicate previous study findings of similarity in spouses' patterns of change in perceived body space. There were statistically significant changes in wives' perceived body space scores from the third month of pregnancy to the second postpartal month, but no changes in the husbands' perceived body space scores. Results upheld previous study findings of no relationship between spouses' strength of identification and similarities in their patterns of change in perceived body space. No changes were detected in either wives' or husbands' global body attitude scores, nor was there evidence of a relationship between spouses' strength of identification and similarity in their patterns of change in global body attitude.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors influencing delay in treatment of cancer of rectum and colon in Israel.

One hundred cases of malignant tumor of the colon and rectum were reviewed to determine the delay interval from onset of symptoms to operation and the factors contributing to the delay. The mean overall delay interval was 7.43 months, which is relatively long as compared with findings reported in the Western literature during recent years. In 35%, there was a mean delay of six months because of failure of the patient to consult a physician in the early stages of the disease. More serious was the finding in 62% of the patients of a doctor-caused delay of six months, because of hasty, erroneous diagnosis made without comprehensive investigation. Administrative factors caused a delay of about two months in 24% of the patients. Our findings indicated a direct correlation between duration of the delay and spread of the malignancy, with an evident tendency for a shorter delay interval among patients with carcinoma classified as Dukes' stage A. Both the public and the general physician must be educated as to the importance of early consultation and careful consideration of the patient's complaints so as to reach the correct diagnosis as soon as possible.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alteration of pulmonary function by filtration of intravenous nutrient mixture.

In view of contradicting results concerning alteration in lung function during hyperalimentation and the administration of intravenous lipid emulsion, a study was planned to determine possible changes in pulmonary blood perfusion during administration of total nutrient admixture (TNA) and the effect of filtration. Sixteen patients (8 men, 8 women; mean age 65.6 yr) with no previous lung disease received TNA at the rate of 4-5 g lipid/h as preoperative treatment for 5-9 days (mean 6.7 days). The 5-microns filter was randomly used in eight patients. The lung blood perfusion parameters measured repeatedly during this period included blood gases, percentage of the predicted value of vital capacity (VC), and pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), as well as the value of the dead space volume and the tidal volume ratio (VD/VT) and the calculated shunt (QS/QT). TNA infusion appears to cause only a slight decrease in PaO2 and DLCO and a similar increase in VC and QS/QT, whereas VD/VT decreased significantly. The latter effect was abolished by filtration of TNA. There were no significant differences between the two groups. We therefore conclude that short-term preoperative administration of TNA at the rate of 4-5 g lipid/h in patients without preexisting lung disease does not jeopardize lung functions. Filtration of the TNA is, however, recommended to avoid the potential hazardous effects of long-term treatment of TNA on lung function.

Aged↗