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Biomedical subjects

M Rousseau

Publications and source records attributed to M Rousseau.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

An intramedullary ependymal cyst in a 71-year-old woman.

An intraspinal ependymal cyst of the thoracolumbar spinal cord was found in a 71-year-old woman with a history of right side abdominal pain since the age of 18. The late discovery of the cyst is related to the extremely slow evolution of this type of cyst in the absence of spinal trauma. Etiopathogenic problems are discussed after a review of the literature.

Cysts↗
PubMed1983

The general hospital psychiatrist as "compleat" therapist.

Four case histories have been presented to illustrate the range of therapeutic modalities which the liaison and consultation psychiatrist may be called upon to employ in the routine treatment of patients in the general hospital. These include analytically oriented insight and supportive psychotherapy, intervention with the family, collaboration with the medical and nursing staff, resolution of staff countertransference difficulties, pharmacotherapy, the turning of hospital and community resources to therapeutic account, and follow-up treatment and referral. Other more specialized modalities such as hypnosis (Frankel, 1978), amytal interview (Naples and Hackett, 1978) electroconvulsive therapy (Glaser, 1953), biofeedback and behavior therapy (Fordyce, 1978), and group therapy (Rahe, O'Neil, Hagan, and Ransom, 1975) have also proven useful. The synthesis of these skills into an individualized, coherent treatment approach is the challenge posed to the consultant by the 20 to 60 percent (Lipowski, 1967) of patients admitted to the general hospital with treatable emotional disorders. Because the vast majority of these disorders relate directly to the illness for which the patient was admitted and to the treatment rendered (Torem, Saravay, and Steinberg, 1979) they comprise a unique spectrum of psychiatric illnesses which often demand timely intervention (Solomon, Saravay, and Steinberg, 1980) before complete information is available. To effectively meet these challenges, the general hospital psychiatrist strives toward the ideal of the "compleat" therapist--creatively synthesizing an individualized approach from a varied therapeutic repertoire for each of the patients he is called upon to treat.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Antagonisms among isogenic strains of Escherichia coli in the digestive tracts of gnotobiotic mice.

We have observed that antagonisms occur between isogenic strains of Escherichia coli associated with gnotobiotic mice. The strains differed in the carriage of plasmids or in chromosomal mutations. The plasmid-free strains, in general, inhibited the establishment of plasmid-bearing strains in the gastrointestinal tract of mice. The outcome of the interactions between isogenic pairs, however, depended on the order in which the strains were introduced into the mice. Maintaining the bacterial strains in monoassociation with gnotobiotic mice resulted in the "adaptation" of the bacteria to their host. Thus, in all cases, "adapted" strains became the dominant population in the feces of mice, regardless of whether the adapted strains was introduced into mice before or after its isogenic partner which had been cultured in vitro. The ecological advantage disappeared when the adapted strain was cultured in broth. Ultrastructural differences in cell morphology were observed between strains maintained in vivo and in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

R-plasmic transfer from Serratia liquefaciens to Escherichia coli in vitro and in vivo in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice associated with human fecal flora.

It was shown that a strain of Serratia liquefaciens harbors a conjugative R-plasmid responsible for reistance to the following 14 antibiotics: ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, butirosin, neomycin, paramomycin, kanamycin, lividomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and chloramphenicol, which belong to five families, the beta-lactamines, the aminoglycosides, the tetracyclines, the sulfonamides, and the phenicols. Resistance to th 14 antibiotics was cotransferred by in vitro conjugation between S. liquefaciens and strains of Escherichia coli. Mating between S. liquefaciens and E. coli also occurred in vivo, in the digestive tract of axenic mice and gnotobiotic mice associated with the whole human fecal flora. It was also shown that mating between these two strains occurred even when the donor S. liquefaciens strain was only transient in the digestive tract of the gnotobiotic host animals. A dense population of Bacteroides (10(10) viable cells per g of fresh feces) did not hinder this mating. All the matings occurred in the absence of an antibiotic selection pressure, and the resulting transferred strain of E. coli did not have the same colonizing capacity as the recipient parental strain. However, during antibiotic administration to mice, and even after the end of the drug intake, the transconjugant became established in the dominant population and replaced the parental recipient strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Influence of resting ECG abnormalities on the ECG response to maximal exercise in women suspected of coronary heart disease.

Coronary arteriographic data have been compared with the ECG response to a maximal exercise test in 53 women with typical or atypical complaints of angina pectoris (AP). All patients with factors known as influencing the repolarization at rest were eliminated and the cases were subdivided according to the presence of a normal (n=26) or abnormal (n=27) resting ECG. The sensitivity (88%) and specificity (81%) of the exertional ECG was not affected by the clinical history nor by the resting ECG data. False positive responses were frequent (32%), particularly among women with atypical AP (50%), but their prevalence was not influenced by the resting ECG data. We conclude that, even in the absence of drug therapy, non-specific resting ECG abnormalities do not influence the ECG response to exercise in women and that they cannot be considered as a factor contributing to the false positive responses: the latter appear to be related to the low prevalence of coronary artery disease in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Structure of the cell wall of Bacillus species C.I.P. 76-111.

An unusual type of bacterial cell wall was encountered in a Bacillus strain referred to as Bacillus sp. C.I.P. 76-111. The major constituent of this cell wall is a high-molecular-weight anionic protein non-covalently associated to a peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complex. The cell wall appeared as a multilayered structure when sections of whole cells or of isolated cell walls fixed with glutaraldehyde and postfixed with osmium tetroxide were examined by electron microscopy. The correlation between the observed morphological features and the biochemical data suggested that a thin central electron-dense layer identifiable with the peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complex is located between two similar thick layers of protein. Furthermore, negative staining of isolated cell walls revealed that the outer protein layer has a regular surface array of subunits with hexagonal symmetry. Several structural properties of the cell wall peptidoglycan were investigated and were found to resemble those of other bacilli. Further characterization of the autolytic system showed that an N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase and a glycosidase, presumably a N-acetylmuramidase, were associated with the peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complex. It was also established that this strain is devoid of membrane teichoic acid.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1977

Lysogenic conversion for multiple characters in a strain of Staphylococcus aureus.

Lysogenization of nonlysogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus was performed with two different bacteriophages, LS1 and LS2, that were unable to plaque on any of the strains of S. aureus tested. Infection of recipient strains was achieved when protoplasts were inoculated with LS1 or LS2 or when bacterial cultures were simultaneously inoculated with a virulent phage together with LS1 or LS2. Lysogenization was demonstrated by changes in phenotypic characters of the host strain and by liberation of bacteriophages from the modified strains as shown by electron microscopic examination. The lysogenic strains differed from the host strains by the following characters: they were coagulase, deoxyribonuclease, and lipase negative; they were untypable by the basic set of phages; they did not ferment mannitol under anaerobic conditions; and they produced only l-(+)-lactic acid by glucose fermentation. Their cell walls contained less glycine and concomitantly more serine than those of the host strains. Furthermore, they were devoid of protein A. Conversely, some antigenic factors as well as the presence of ribitol in the cell wall teichoic acid, indicated a parental relationship between the host strains and the derived lysogenic ones. Phages LS1 and LS2 could be excluded from the lysogenic strains by invading phages, and the revertant nonlysogenic strains recovered all of the characteristics of the initial host strains. It was thus concluded that the phenomenon described was due to lysogenic conversion. The origin of phages LS1 and LS2 is discussed.

Cell Wall↗
PubMed1975

[An intracellular polysaccharide involved in sporulation of "Clostridium butyricum" I. Cytology, production and preliminary enzymic analysis (author's transl)].

Free glucose concentration and polysaccharide production in Clostridium butyricum cells have been studied with an enzymatic method. Results indicated a substantial decrease in intracellular glucose content simultaneously with a production of polysaccharide prior to the end of exponential growth. Then the polysaccharide accumulated rapidly to reach a maximum just before the first refractile spores appeared, and it decreased by 50% during the last stages (V and VI) of sproulation. Electron micrographs of ultrathin sections have demonstrated that most of the polysaccharide is located inside the mother cell cytoplasm as large granules when the remaining is dispersed within the spore cytoplasm beginning during stage III of the sporulation. Overall results showed that production and use of C. butyricum polysaccharide were closely related to sporulation. The isolated polysaccharide exhibited poor water solubility, iodine spectrum with a lambda max at 545 nm and 72% beta-amylolysis. Total hydrolysis occurred with amyloglucosidase indicating an alpha-glucan containing alpha(1 leads to 4) and alpha(1 leads to 6) glucose linkages. The debranching from its beta-dextrin limit by pullulanase revealed the presence of a glycogen like-type structure with some external chains which are longer than those of a normal glycogen. This glycogen arrangement appeared to be of clusters linked by linear chains at least as long as the longest external chains.

Clostridium↗