Biomedical subjects

M Roumiantzeff

Publications and source records attributed to M Roumiantzeff.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1980

[Multipuncture: a simple test for cell immunity at the patient's bedside. Determination of a reference population (author's transl)].

Two-hundred and fifty-four hospital patients (125 men and 129 women) treated for neurological or osteo-articular disorders, free from severe underlying diseases, non-atopic and not receiving immunosuppressants were tested for cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity with a multipuncture instrument which measures the response to 7 antigens simultaneously. The purpose of the trial was to determine normal control values in an immunologically normal population. The antigens used were tuberculin, tetanus and diphtheria anatoxins, Candida, Proteus, Streptococcus and Trichophyton. All tests were carried out by the same operator. The subjects were divided into 8 groups according to their sex and age (15-24, 25-39, 40-64 and 65 years or more) and statistical assessment of the results was based on the number and diameter of skin reactions and on individual scores, each score being the sum of mean diameters of all positive reactions observed at 24 and 48 hours. The overall incidence of positive responses was superior to 50%, except for Trichophyton in men and anatoxins in women. Responses were less pronounced in women of all ages than in men, and the number of positive skin tests, as well as the score values, were reduced in subjects aged 65 or more, particularly in males. The population thus tested could serve as reference in further studies using multipuncture.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Biological activities of fragments derived from Bordetella pertussis endotoxin: isolation of a nontoxic, Shwartzman-negative lipid A possessing high adjuvant properties.

Endotoxin from fresly sedimented Bordetella pertussis cells, isolated by the phenol/water procedure when submitted to kinetically controlled, mild acidic hydrolysis released a polysaccharide (polysaccharide 1), a complex lipid (lipid X), and a glycolipid. When treated with somewhat stronger acid, the glycolipid yielded a second polysaccharide (polysaccharide 2) and another complex lipid (lipid A). The intact pertussis endotoxin had all the usual properties of endotoxins extracted from enteric bacteria. Lipid X and the intermediary glycolipid retained all the endotoxic properties of the unfractionated endotoxin. In lipid A, pyrogenicity was reduced to a very low level and toxicity and Shwartzman reactivity were absent; however, this fraction retained most of the endotoxin's antiviral activity, and its adjuvant power was considerably higher than that of the intact endotoxin. Lipid A elicited nonspecific resistance against challenge with certain bacteria, but not against others.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1979

The multi-test system: a standardized approach to evaluation of delayed hypersensitivity and cell-mediated immunity.

While delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) testing with ubiquitous antigens is acknowledged to be useful in assessment of cell mediated immunity, existing methods suffer from lack of standardized antigens and optimal doses. The authors have evaluated a new plastic, disposable device (Multi-Test, Lincoln Laboratories) for simultaneous administration of up to eight test materials by multiple puncture and seven ubiquitous antigens in 70% glycerol prepared by Institut Merieux. Each antigen was standardized chemically and biologically for DCH activity. The Multi-Test system proved to be safe, rapid, painless, and reproducible means of evaluating DCH to multiple standardized antigens. This procedure offers the potential for detecting changes in cell-mediated immunity in diseases individuals who are skin tested periodically.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Combination of attenuated measles vaccine (Schwarz) with meningococcus A and A + C vaccine.

There is an obvious interest in a combined meningococcus-measles vaccine since the two diseases are widespread and serious in Third World countries among children under five years of age. The purpose of our study was to show the safety and effectiveness of such a combined preparation. The study covered 110 children between 8 months and 4 years of age who were followed systematically in a maternal child health center in the Paris area. Only 93 of them were checked before and after the immunization. The serologic titrations by the hemagglutination assay (IHA) for measles, and by radioimmunological assay (RIA) for meningococcus A and C showed that the Schwarz strain measles vaccine combined with meningococcus A or the association A+C does not interfere with the increase of A or C titers. 100% of the children showed a seroconversion equal to or less than 2 micrograms per ml, in the case of meningococcus A, as well as for C, regardless of age. Furthermore, 88% of the subjects showed a titer greater than or equal to 4 micrograms for the meningococcus A and 79% for C. On the other hand, meningococcus A or the association A+C seem to depress measles vaccine activity. Nevertheless, more than 80% of the children tested showed seroconversion when the measles vaccine was combined with meningococcus A, and only 69% when combined with meningococcus A and C.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1972