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Biomedical subjects

M Rossi

Publications and source records attributed to M Rossi.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical central venous catheterization (SCVC) for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via the basilic vein].

The central venous catheterization (CVC) by subclavian vein puncture for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has a high risk of complications in some situations such as neck or supraclavicular diseases, tracheostomies, costoclavicular deformities and coagulopathies. Surgical CVC approach to the basilic vein is indicated in these cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of this technique. Sixteen patients had TPN with this technique, utilizing a silicon catheter (Vygon Nutricath). The main time of TPN was 19 days (min 5-max 41). In 12 cases (75%), there were no complications. In two cases (12.5%) we observed an accidental catheter displacement. The incidence of thrombophlebitis was 12.5% (2 cases); in one of two cases (6.25%), it was correlated with the contamination of the catheter (Staphylococcus epidermidis); in the second case it was aseptic. Our results demonstrated the usefulness of this of these technique in cases in where the CVC by subclavian vein presents a high risk of complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and immunomodulating activity of condensed N-aryl-2-cyano-3-oxo-3-pyrazolyl-propanamides.

A series of condensed N-aryl-2-cyano-3-oxo-3-pyrazolyl-propanamides were synthesized and evaluated for immunomodulating activity following intraperitoneal administration. These new molecules were found to enhance macrophage cytotoxicity and stimulate host mediated antibacterial defences in mice. The compound 3-cyano-3-(1,4-dihydro-1-phenyl-[1]-benzothiopyrano[4,3-c]pyrazol- 3-yl]-3-oxo-N-phenyl-propanamide, chosen for wider pharmacological investigation, proved effective in preventing adjuvant-induced arthritis development in rats.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute torsion of the omentum majus. A case report].

The authors describe a case of acute torsion of the greater omentum. Possible aetiologic factors, poor clinical features as well as treatment of this rare pathologic condition are analyzed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Limitations of the traditional manometric test and advantages of computerized manometry in the study of esophageal motility].

The analysis of esophageal motility tracings is laborious, time consuming and subject to reader variability. The motility traces of five patients were analyzed separately by five experienced readers, in order to assess the inter and intra observer variability. Later on, the manual analysis of the motility traces of five healthy volunteers and four patients was compared to the automatic analysis performed by a computerized system. The inter- and intra-observer variability (expressed as coefficient of variation) was high in the manual analysis, especially for the abdominal length of the lower sphincter and the duration of the esophageal body contractions (coefficient of variation ranging from 18 to 43%). On the contrary, automatic readings proved almost identical to the means obtained by manual analysis (Pearson factor 0.988 for amplitude and 0.89 for the duration of contractions). Moreover, the computerized automatic analysis gave a significant time gain in respect to manual readings and eliminated the inter and intra-observer variability.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dual-photon absorptiometry of the calcaneum in osteoporosis. Preliminary results].

Anteroposterior views of the lumbar spine are commonly used for the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) by diphoton absorptiometry (DPA). Values in lumbar vertebral BMD can be increased by the existence of a compression fracture, osteoarthrosis, scoliosis or aortic calcifications. Evaluation of bone loss at a peripheral site, such as the calcaneum (essentially trabecular site), could compensate for the principal causes of error associated with vertebral measurement. Calcaneal BMD in 195 control women was used to establish reference values closely correlated with lumbar BMD (p less than 0.001). The same study was undertaken in osteoporotic women. Preliminary results based upon 38 cases are reported here. Measurement of BMD of the calcaneum was correlated with vertebral trabecular bone density measured by double energy CT scan, indicating that this peripheral site offers a good reflection of what is happening at vertebral trabecular level. In contrast, calcaneal BMD was not correlated with spinal BMD, except if patients with osteoarthrosis and/or scoliosis were eliminated. Measurement of the BMD of the calcaneum by DPA is thus a simple, rapid and reproducible method for evaluation of a trabecular bone site which could be complementary to the measurement of lumbar BMD when the latter is falsified by artefacts.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic reliability of echography in ureteral lithiasis].

This article takes into account the diagnostic reliability of ultrasounds (US) in the ureteral lithiasis localisation. A stone has been ultrasonographically localised in 82.3% of 119 patients, this rate rising up to 89.4% in the last 85 consecutive patients. From a clinical point of view, 104 patients presented renal signs, whereas 10 out of them showed an atypical symptomatology, which at first led to a suspicion of acute appendicitis (5), intestinal obstruction (4), acute pancreatitis (1). A stone was accidentally detected in five asymptomatic patients. In 80% of the cases, the stone was situated in the proximal or juxtavesical ureter; in 20%, in the middle or distal ureter. A particular stress is laid in the ultrasonographic follow-up, by which the stone was uncovered in 6 cases, at first considered negative at US. Eight patients had to be referred to treatment with ESWL.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cancer of the gastric stump: our experience].

The experienced gained over the past few years in the Verona University Institute of Surgical Pathology has revealed a slow, though progressive, increase in the number of gastric stump cancers, reflecting a trend emerging in the literature. There can be no doubt that an important factor in the enhanced detection of such cancers is the adoption of digestive endoscopy in routine clinical practice. Silent symptoms, barely noticeable clinical signs and the particular aggressiveness of the tumours often lead to an excessively late diagnosis, which, unfortunately, limits the efficacy of surgical therapy. We therefore recommend, as a single solution to the problem, the endoscopic screening of all patients who have undergone gastric resection ten or more years ago in order to detect early stump cancer. Obviously, and fortunately, in a few years time gastric stump cancer will be a rare phenomenon, in view of the exponential drop in gastric resections for ulcer disease over the past decade.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Purification and properties of a thermophilic and thermostable DNA polymerase from the archaebacterium Sulfolobus solfataricus.

A DNA-dependent DNA polymerase was obtained in homogenous form from the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus solfataricus. The enzyme, purified 706-fold, has a molecular mass of about 110000 daltons as determined by gel filtration and by glycerol gradient centrifugation. It requires Mg++ for its activity and has a pH optimum of 7.7. The activity is sharply dependent on the ionic strength. The enzyme is thermostable; its properties and activity requirements were characterized. The features of this enzyme are compared to those of other DNA polymerases isolated either from prokaryotes or eukaryotes.

Archaea↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Control of the emesis induced by cisplatin in patients with head and neck neoplasms. Randomized study of metoclopramide alizapride and placebo].

A double blind study has been lead on 75 patients affected by head and neck cancer treated with CDDP, to verify the alizapride's antiemetic efficacy versus placebo and metoclopramide. On 76 patients examined, 28 has been treated with CDDP 50 mg/mq + alizapride; 28 with CDDP 50 mg/mq + metoclopramide and finally 19 with CDDP 50 mg/mq + placebo. Both alizapride and metoclopramide administered have resulted effective on the control of the emesis induced with CDDP without side effects.

Antiemetics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cebocephaly: a severe cerebro-craniofacial malformation. Description of a case].

The paper reports the case of a newborn affected by malformations of the middle parts of the face. The patient was described as cebophalus according to Kundrat's classification because he had a single nostril, hypotelorism and severe brain malformations. Prosencephalia is present in 0.5% of all aborted fetuses but is very rare in live births (0.006%). Survival is extremely short and in this case the patient lived for 12 months. A description of the malformations is given using CT scans.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Therapy of hepatic carcinoma by the intra-arterial injection of lipiodol, antineoplastic agents and gelfoam].

Chemoembolization by selective intra-arterial injection of lipiodol--chemotherapeutic agents (mitomycin and/or adriamycin)--followed by terminal embolization with gelfoam was performed on 20 inoperable patients with hepatic tumors: 13 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), 6 metastases from colorectal cancer, and one adenoma. A total of 29 embolizations were performed, 17 of them followed by gelfoam embolization. Significant decrease in tumor size or no tumor increase was shown in 8 patients--6 capsulated and well-limited HCC's, and 2 multinodular HCC's. Apart from occasional episodes of post-embolization syndrome (fever, vomit, abdominal pain), no significant complications were observed. Nine patients died at intervals ranging from 2 weeks to 37 months after the first embolization; in 6 patients the cause of death was not related to the advancing of the cancer, but to the complications of the underlying cirrhosis. In cirrhotic patients, damage to the rest of liver parenchyma can be limited by using superselective catheterization. Of the 6 patients with greater than 12 months follow-up, 4 are alive and 2 have died; 2 more patients are still alive 18 months after the first embolization. Finally, lipiodol was useful as radiopaque marker to detect lesion changes during the follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tension pneumocephalus after transsphenoidal surgery for acromegaly.

The Authors report the case of a 27-year-old man who developed intraventricular and subarachnoid tension pneumocephalus after removal of a large pituitary adenoma via the transnasal approach. This exceptional complication was probably caused by the combined action of a cerebrospinal fluid fistula plus an external lumbar subarachnoid drain, and resolved after removal of the spinal catheter. Such a conservative treatment was allowed in this case by the absence of a shift of midline structures due to bilateral intraventricular air collection. Usually, however, tension pneumocephalus is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt intervention. Meticulous attention to the cerebrospinal fluid draining system is needed in patients with a fistula to avoid the development of this unusual complication.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in childhood. An underestimated problem?].

The study of infections due to Chlamydia trachomatis in children has advanced remarkably during the past ten years. It has been established that Chlamydia trachomatis is a major etiologic agent of conjunctivitis in newborns and genital infections among sexually active persons. Chlamydial pneumonia has come to be recognized as one of the most common forms of pneumonia during the first three months of life. The Authors reported a case of a child admitted to Bambino Gesù Hospital of Rome, affected by Chlamydia trachomatis afebrile pneumonia. The diagnosis was made on the basis of direct and indirect laboratory findings. The remarkable improvement in direct and indirect diagnostic techniques can help the clinicians in diagnostic and therapeutic evaluations.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗