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Biomedical subjects

M Rossi

Publications and source records attributed to M Rossi.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Iopamidol in urography. A comparison between ionic and nonionic contrast media in patients with normal and impaired renal function.

The radiographic results obtained in urography with iopamidol, a new low osmolality contrast medium, given to 50 patients with normal renal function and 42 patients with impaired renal function, have been evaluated and compared with those obtained with ionic media of current use (meglumine sodium diatrizoate and sodium iothalamate). Based on this comparison, the authors believe there are no significant radiographic advantages to iopamidol.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1982

Stage fright in musicians: a model illustrating the effect of beta blockers.

Stage fright was used to investigate the mode of action of beta blockers in acute anxiety and on the technical-motor performance of 22 performing string players. They received 100 mg of atenolol or placebo 6.5 hr before performing either in the presence or absence of an audience. Continuous heart rate, stage fright (especially devised rating scale), technical-motor performance (runs of fast notes, trills, vibratos), and urine catecholamine levels were assessed. Before an audience the placebo group showed a significant impairment of technical-motor performance (increase in the relative variance of repeated fast elements of movements: + 25.68%, p less than 0.01) as compared to performance with no audience present; there was a slight but not significant improvement under beta blockade (- 7.48%). Heart rate was significantly lower under beta blockade than under placebo (p less than 0.001). Urine catecholamine levels increased twice as much under beta blockade as under placebo before an audience (p less than 0.01). Beta blockade did not influence stage fright measured before performing, but reduced it (measured immediately after the concert) during the concert. We conclude that the drug was at least partially effective as shown by an improvement in technical-motor performance, and that the beneficial effects of beta blockade in stage fright only involve a peripheral site of action.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

Bone scintigraphy in plasma-cell myeloma. A prospective study of 70 patients.

Radiography and scintigraphy were correlated in 70 patients with recently diagnosed, untreated multiple myeloma, including 59 with and 11 without primary lytic bone lesions. A site-by-site comparison showed that scintigraphy was more sensitive than radiography in only 18% of cases, whereas radiography was more sensitive in 38% (p less than 0.001). Patients whose bone scan was as sensitive or more so than the radiograph ("hot" myeloma) had more active disease than those with the "cold" form. Remission was indicated by significant regression or disappearance of scintigraphic abnormalities in 90% of cases. The authors conclude that scintigraphy is not helpful in detecting myelomatous bone lesions, but does have prognostic value for diagnosis and chemotherapy: a positive bone scan indicates initial or residual activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Neutrophil turnover in normal rabbit lungs.

Neutrophil turnover was studied in the blood and alveoli of normal rabbits. Blood neutrophil turnover was examined by two different methods. In the first method, donor rabbit neutrophils were labeled in vivo by injecting tritium-labeled thymidine intravenously. After 72 h recipient rabbits received blood from the donors. The decline of the specific radioactivity of blood neutrophils was used to determine that their half-life was 4.03 h. In the second method, rabbit peritoneal exudative neutrophils were elicited with oyster glycogen. These cells were labeled with 111Indium oxine and infused into the blood of recipient animals. By their decline in specific radioactivity, the half-life of the blood neutrophil was 4.08 h. These half-lives are not significantly different. Lung lavage was performed on the animals that received the 111Indium-labeled neutrophils and the turnover time of the lung neutrophil was found to be 2.63 h. The turnover of the alveolar neutrophil pool accounted for only 0.19% of the total turnover of the blood neutrophils. Therefore, the lung appears to contribute only minimally to the total capacity of the body to dispose of neutrophils.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Vectocardiographic "bites" as possible early findings of cardiac involvement in diabetic patients without clinical evidence of heart disease.

We performed a standard vectorcardiogram (VCG) in 87 diabetics, aged 20-77 years, orally- or insulin-treated, and in 41 normal subjects. None had cardiac history or symptoms. Among diabetics, 31 had no vectocardiographic abnormalities, 23 had various VCG changes, 33 showed electrical "bites" of various length (6-22 msec) and voltage (0.05-0.3 mV). In 8 normal subjects (19.4%) we found "bites" of similar voltage and length as in diabetic patients. A significantly positive linear relation was found between "bites" length and diabetes duration, in insulin-dependent diabetics only. By step-wise regression analysis we detected, in all diabetic patients with "bites," at a fixed value of diabetes duration, a significantly negative relation between "bites" length and patients' age. Moreover, the insulin treated patients showed a metabolic regulation index significantly worse than orally-treated diabetics; also diabetes duration was significantly higher in insulin-treated subjects. If "bites" may reflect an early heart involvement in diabetes, insulin-dependent patients seem to have a more severe cardiac damage in dependence of the diabetes duration. Finally, in the younger diabetics the heart diseases seems to be earlier and more advanced.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Advances in radiological anatomy of the kidney.

While using cortical nephrotomography to show the architecture and thickness of the cortical septa we have observed, in 76 out of 176 kidneys, the presence of 2 distinct parenchymal elements for which we suggest the term "renunculus". In such cases the upper renunculus is posterior relative to the lower. It lies rather obliquely, running downwards and laterally, while the lower renunculus lies more or less vertically and in front of the upper. The hilum of the upper renunculus as seen on CT is directed anteriorly relative to the corneal plane: the hilum of the lower renunculus is directly more medially. These anatomical observations make it easier to understand the topography and the pathogenesis of some lesions and help the surgeon to plan partial nephrectomy.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Characterization and control of an immobilized allosteric enzyme system.

Both immobilization techniques described in this work seem appropriate for this allosteric enzyme. However, the kinetic behavior of the dCMP deaminase trapped in a protein membrane is markedly different from that observed with the enzyme in solution and with the enzyme gelled on an artificial membrane. The enzyme, in fact, in all instances loses its cooperative action toward the substrate and even the allosteric ligands, or they do not affect the activity, or it behaves in a completely different way. In particular, dTTP seems to behave as a noncompetitive inhibitor. These effects can be attributed either to the freezing of the enzyme in one of its conformations or, more generally, to the effect of physical constraints and diffusional resistances. Further studies are in progress to distinguish between the contributions of each one of these phenomena to the kinetic behavior of the enzyme.

Albumins↗