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Biomedical subjects

M Rosenheim

Publications and source records attributed to M Rosenheim.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The spectrum of polyneuropathies in patients infected with HIV.

Twenty five patients with peripheral neuropathy at different stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are reported. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings were available in 17 cases, electrophysiology in all and a neuromuscular biopsy in 11. Of six otherwise asymptomatic HIV+ patients, five had chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and one acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP). CSF showed pleocytosis in all cases. Infiltration of the endoneurium and/or the epineurium by mononuclear cells was seen in biopsies from three cases. These six patients recovered either spontaneously, or with corticosteroids or plasmaphereses. Of five patients with AIDS related complex (ARC), three had distal predominantly sensory peripheral neuropathy (DSPN), one CIDP and one mixed neuropathy. Of 14 patients with AIDS, one had mononeuropathy multiplex and 13 painful DSPN. Electrophysiological studies were consistent with an axonopathy. Nerve biopsies in six cases showed axonal changes but surprisingly associated with marked segmental demyelination in two cases. Cell infiltration was present in nerve samples in two cases. Five patients died within six months after the onset of the neuropathy.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1988

[Carriers of HBs antigen, anti-HIV antibodies and their association with blood donors in Brazzaville].

Serum samples taken from 6,624 blood donors since 1984 to 1987, were tested for Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBs Ag) using a microhemagglutination assay and for anti-HIV antibodies by ELISA test. The mean carrier state of HBs Ag was 10.68% and that of anti-HIV antibodies was 6.99%. The association of HBs Ag and anti-HIV antibodies was discovered in 4.84% donors but without correlation for the period of the study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis].

The classic diagnostic procedure for cutaneous leishmaniasis is based on the examination of Giemsa-stained smears made from the fluid obtained by scraping the edges of the lesion with a lancet, or prepared with small plugs of superficial tissues. In this report, we compare the results given by this standard method with those obtained by the examination of needle aspirates. Aspirates are secured by injecting a few millimetres outside the external border of the lesion 0.3 to 0.5 ml of saline through a thin needle, rubbing the injured skin, and thereafter pulling back slowly the plunger. Amastigotes were found in all smears from needle aspirates, and in only 11 out 15 obtained by scraping. Aspirates were also more suitable for cultures of parasites.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Development of drug resistance in cases of P. falciparum malaria of African origin in a Parisian hospital. Comparison with field data and therapeutic consequences].

The number of P. falciparum malaria cases, contracted in Africa, diagnosed by the department of Parasitology and Tropical diseases of the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital Group has shown a significant increase in 1985-1986 when compared with the 15 past years (+23%). This fact is related to the spread of chloroquine or amodiaquine resistant falciparum malaria from East Africa (1980-1983: 54%) to Central Africa (1985: 54.5%) and now to a country of west Africa (Benin 1986).

Africa↗
PubMed1987

[Value of cytapheresis in the treatment of loaiasis with high blood microfilaria levels. Results in 7 cases].

Seven patients infected with the filarial worm Loa loa received a treatment by cytapheresis in an attempt to lower the microfilaraemia. Microfilarial levels of between 6,000 and 38,500 ml, before extraction, were reduced, according to the case, by between 47 and 97% (mean 76%). The diethylcarbamazine chemotherapy which followed in 6 of 7 patients showed no sign of any of the serious side-effects which often occur in these type of cases. Due to its practicality and the fact that it is well tolerated, both clinically and biologically, cytapheresis would seem to represent the best method for initially treating loaiasis with high microfilaremia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Kaposi's disease in Western Africa. 11 cases in Mali].

Eleven cases of Kaposi's angiosarcoma (ASK) were observed in Bamako over a 2 year period, representing one third of all malignant cutaneous tumours. There was a clear cut male prevalence. The average age of the patients was 32 years. The commonest sites of involvement were cutaneous, osseous, lymphatic and gastrointestinal. Special features of this series included prurigo preceding skin lesions, a single gastric localisation and involvement of the cavum. Rapid progression was observed in 3 cases, 2 of which had fatal outcomes. Two patients had multifocal disseminated disease at the outset. These cases were similar to ASK in patients with AIDS but our patients were not immunodepressed and LAV serology was negative. The results of chemotherapy were incomplete and transient. This series demonstrates the presence of acute, polyvisceral forms of ASK in Mali which may be classified as intermediary between the classical European or African ASK and the ASK observed in AIDS with positive serology in Central Africa.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Is it necessary to perform sensitivity tests for malaria in the hospital environment?].

From January 1984 to June 1985, 20 out of 65 P. falciparum strains isolated in an hospital in Paris were epidemiologically suspect of resistance to chloroquine. 15 of them were submitted to in vitro chemosensitivity tests with several antimalarials drugs. In cases of suspected chloroquine resistance the initial choice of an alternative drug is mainly presumptive and is generally not guided by the in vitro chemosensitivity assay which results are too much delayed. When in vitro assay shows sensitivity to amino-4-quinolines treatment can be modified accordingly. The determination of plasma concentration of drugs are required in any case. However in vitro sensitivity assays would probably appears essential to physicians in cases of resistance to quinine.

Antimalarials↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical and biological consequences of human immunodeficiency virus (LAV) infection in 15 Congolese subjects].

We report 15 cases of symptomatic HIV infection seen in Paris between June 1983 and June 1985 in Congolese patients. The first signs were diarrhea, weight loss, fever, pruritus. Disseminated lymphadenopathy was frequent. Twelve patients had AIDS, and the opportunistic infections were: isosporosis, oesophageal candidiasis, cerebral toxoplasmosis, Kaposi's sarcoma, CNS' cryptococcosis, cutaneo-mucosal.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

[Problems raised by the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma in subjects with AIDS].

Kaposi's Syndrome (K. S.) was defined as a virus induced immunogenic tumour responding to interferon. It can be used as a guideline for therapeutical trials in A. I. D. S. K. S. mortality is 13%. K. S. + O. I. (opportunistic infections) mortality reaches 70% and O. I. mortality is approximately 50%. Therefore treating O. I. is a must but it is not mentioned in the paper. Attempts made to modify immunodepression, usual K. S. treatments, experimental treatments based upon similar pathogenicity (like systemic lupus erythematosus, Hansen's disease, preneoplasia dyskeratosis) were unsuccessful. Trials with alpha recombinant interferon realised at the Sloan Kettering Memorial for Cancer in New York are summarized for 74 patients and are in preliminary interpretation. Our study is based upon 13 cases studied for 14 to 4 months and comes up to the same conclusions using 18 to 36 million units/day for 6 months (6 cases) and 3 to 4 months (7 cases). For 6 full treatments the results are: 2 K. S. were cleaned up after 8 and 3 months follow up, 4 K. S. with O. I.: 3 remissions and then relapses and 1 stabilization, for 7 current treatments: 2 had to be discontinued because of bad tolerance, 1 stabilization and 4 remissions. For all treatments a decrease and a lesser gravity of O. I. can be noted during treatment. Besides flu-like syndromes, main clinical side effects, are: asthenia, general condition impairment, 2 fits were observed for which I.N.F. cannot be clearly incriminated. Daily treatment compelling and surveillance are real drawbacks. Different types of better used interferon will probably yield interesting results (40% regression or improvement).

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗