Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Rosen

Publications and source records attributed to M Rosen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Recombinant human erythropoietin: effect on the functional performance of anemic orthopedic patients.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether rapid correction of anemia improves the functional and cognitive performance of postoperative orthopedic patients. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING: A rehabilitation institute. PATIENTS: Persons having orthopedic surgery at least 2 weeks previously, and a hemoglobin concentration < 10g/dL. INTERVENTIONS: Recombinant human erythropoietin (rH-EPO) or the EPO vehicle for up to 8 weeks. All patients received ferrous sulfate. MEASUREMENTS: Blood counts were performed at weekly intervals, and functional and cognitive tests at baseline and weeks 4 and 8. RESULTS: In patients receiving vehicle only, hemoglobin levels increased from a mean of 9.0 at baseline to 11.0 at 4 weeks and 11.7 at 8 weeks; corresponding values for rH-EPO were 8.8 (p = NS), 12.6 (p = .02), and 13.5 (p = .01). However, functional improvement in dressing, toileting, and mobility was similar between groups, and the results of neuropsychological tests showed no trends favoring rH-EPO. CONCLUSIONS: Although hemoglobin increases more rapidly in anemic orthopedic patients treated with rH-EPO, equally rapid functional improvement occurs in those who receive only iron therapy.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

Overall and cause-specific mortality in a cohort of homo-/bisexual men, injecting drug users, and female partners of HIV-infected men. Pulmonary Complications of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Study Group.

OBJECTIVE: To study the overall and cause-specific HIV-related mortality in a cohort of HIV-seropositive subjects according to transmission category, race/ethnicity, sex and severity of immunosuppression. DESIGN: A cohort of 1129 HIV-seropositive homo-/bisexual men, injecting drug users, and female partners of HIV-infected men were enrolled at six centers in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Chicago, Newark, Detroit and New York between 1 November 1988 and 1 November 1989. Subjects were evaluated every 6 months at least until 31 March 1994. METHODS: The analyses of overall mortality for the subgroups of interest were performed with Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards models. Cause-specific analyses were performed on the primary cause of death using rates per 100 person-years of exposure. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Baseline severity of immunosuppression is the strongest predictor of mortality. There were no statistically significant differences in overall HIV-related mortality among transmission categories, race/ethnicity groups or sexes. There were differences, however, in cause-specific mortality among the different risk groups.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1996

Management of hormone-resistant prostate cancer: an Australian trial.

The management of metastatic prostate cancer that has relapsed after initial hormonal manipulation remains a major problem, with the majority of patients dying within 12 months. Their clinical course is frequently characterized by progressive debilitation, pain, and other tumor-related symptoms. A phase II, non-randomized multicenter clinical trial was carried out in Australia in 1985-1986 to assess the efficacy and toxicity of mitoxantrone. Substantial anticancer activity was shown against hormone-refractory prostate cancer, indicated by reduction in tumor-related symptoms, improvement in quality of life indices, and a median survival of 10 months in patients with a heavy tumor burden. Although it is not possible to equate this nonrandomized series more fully with current experience since routine prostate-specific antigen measurement was not performed, the median survival of 10 months was equivalent to or better than the survival times reported from most other institutional reports of the time. Even more importantly, however, major improvements were noted in such subjective indices as reduction in pain, weight gain, and performance status. Toxicity was also acceptable, with the major side effect being asymptomatic myelosuppression.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

A comparison of the dimensional stability of three inlay pattern materials.

This study investigates the dimensional stability of 3 inlay pattern materials stored for different periods of time. Three indices were formulated to assess changes. These were: deviation and area change which both indicate a proportional contraction or expansion, and ratio which shows distortion. A brass master model was constructed to represent a cavity with 4 intersecting reference lines on the base, which were transferred to the bottom of the inlay pattern. The materials tested were Kerr's Type II blue inlay casting wax, Duralay (an autopolymerizing acrylic resin) and Modilux (a light-curing resin). Ten inlay patterns were prepared from each material in the brass master model cavity. Measurements of pre-determined points on the reference lines were recorded with a reflex microscope immediately after removal of the inlay patterns and then repeated at intervals of 1 hour and 24 hours. These measurements were compared to corresponding measurements on the brass master model and then converted into the three indices previously mentioned. Analysis of data showed that none of the materials distorted and that all the patterns underwent a proportional contraction, with wax contracting more than Duralay and Modilux. Significantly more contraction occurred at 24 hours than between onset (0 hour) and 1 hour. As contraction only occurred after 1 hour and wax contracted the most, it is recommended that Duralay or Modilux be used as the pattern material, especially if a delay in investing is anticipated.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

A mouth protector for an edentulous patient: a case report.

Most mouthguards made for edentulous mouths lack the stability to prevent dislodgement. In a case reported in the literature where stability was achieved the appliance was bulky, difficult to insert and remove and lacked permanence. To surmount these deficiencies one was designed in two halves which, when placed into the mouth, slotted together to give the stability of the one piece construction but at the same time allowed easy insertion and removal. This paper describes the construction of such a mouthguard and reports on one case.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Emergency delays.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Emergencies↗
PubMed1995

Medical surveillance practices of blue collar and white collar hazardous waste workers.

Given the occupational risks of hazardous waste workers, this study was conducted to explore possible differences in medical surveillance practices among blue and white collar workers. Demographic and medical surveillance data were collected from 636 white collar and 206 blue collar trainees, enrolled in health and safety training courses. Overall, 4.5% of the trainees reported being ill or injured because of hazardous substances. Significant differences (P < .0001) were noted between groups; blue collar trainees were more likely to have been ill or injured. Differences also existed for medical surveillance enrollment; 32% of the white collar trainees report enrollment compared to 19% of the blue collar trainees (P = .004). This study indicates that blue collar trainees are more likely to be injured and less likely to be enrolled in medical surveillance programs. Issues of illness and injury, as well as medical surveillance enrollment, must be addressed; ensuring that all workers receive medical surveillance needed to prevent occupational illness in the hazardous waste field.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1995

Subjective measure of quality of life.

A subjective measure of quality of life--PALS--was developed. The measure, which contains four scales (Perceived Stress, Affect, Loneliness, and Satisfaction), was normed with 100 individuals with mental retardation residing at a large facility. The PALS differs from other measures of quality of life in that it is focused exclusively upon subjective psychological dimensions that are regarded as the most relevant criteria. Potential uses and limitations of PALS were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Bond strength values: should they be considered in material selection?

This study determined shear bond strengths of 4 glass ionomer cements under standardized conditions and compared the results with data derived from the product manufacturers. Flat dentine planes were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 40, unerupted, surgically removed, human third molars. Ten cylinders of Fuji II LC (FII), Aqua Ionofil (AI), Variglass VLC (VA) and Vitremer (VI) were bonded to dentine surfaces. The specimens were stored in distilled water for 96 hours and their shear bond strengths were then determined using an Instron testing machine. FII LC achieved the highest (15 MPa) and VA the lowest (2 MPa) mean shear bond strength values and those for Aqua Ionofil and Vitremer were 5 to 6 MPa. The manufacturers have reported lower bond strengths for FII and AI and higher values for VI and VA. This study showed that in view of differences in test methods bond strength test values are not comparable and we recommend that they should not be used as the only criterion for material selection.

Acrylic Resins↗