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Biomedical subjects

M Romoli

Publications and source records attributed to M Romoli.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Ear acupuncture in the control of migraine pain: selecting the right acupoints by the "needle-contact test".

There is increasing evidence that somatic acupuncture can be helpful in migraine treatment, but substantial data on ear acupuncture (EAP) are still lacking. EAP can be useful both in the diagnosis and in the treatment of many medical conditions. As regards the control of migrainous pain, we present a case report in which a procedure called the "needle-contact test" is described in detail. During a migraine attack, the patient undergoes an accurate search for tender points of the outer ear by means of a specific pressure algometer. Once the most sensitive point has been identified, an acupuncture needle is placed in contact with it for about 10 s, without skin penetration. The expected effect is a quick and evident reduction of acute pain. If no appreciable variation in pain intensity occurs within the following 60 s, a second or third attempt is made on other previously identified tender points, until the point at which the patient notices a clear remission of pain is found. In this positive case, the same testing needle can be immediately used for therapy, completely penetrating the skin, and then extracted after about 30 min. Alternatively, a temporary needle can be implanted and left in situ for a variable period of time (1-15 days). This innovative technique allows the identification, with maximum accuracy, of the most effective ear acupoints on migraine pain during acute attacks.

Acupuncture Points↗

No enhancement of fusion probability by the neutron halo of 6He.

Quantum tunnelling through a potential barrier (such as occurs in nuclear fusion) is very sensitive to the detailed structure of the system and its intrinsic degrees of freedom. A strong increase of the fusion probability has been observed for heavy deformed nuclei. In light exotic nuclei such as 6He, 11Li and 11Be (termed 'halo' nuclei), the neutron matter extends much further than the usual nuclear interaction scale. However, understanding the effect of the neutron halo on fusion has been controversial--it could induce a large enhancement of fusion, but alternatively the weak binding energy of the nuclei could inhibit the process. Other reaction channels known as direct processes (usually negligible for ordinary nuclei) are also important: for example, a fragment of the halo nucleus could transfer to the target nucleus through a diminished potential barrier. Here we study the reactions of the halo nucleus 6He with a 238U target, at energies near the fusion barrier. Most of these reactions lead to fission of the system, which we use as an experimental signature to identify the contribution of the fusion and transfer channels to the total cross-section. At energies below the fusion barrier, we find no evidence for a substantial enhancement of fusion. Rather, the (large) fission yield is due to a two-neutron transfer reaction, with other direct processes possibly also involved.

Journal Article↗

[Electromyographic changes in bruxism after auricular stimulation. A randomized controlled clinical trial].

AIM: The aim of this study was to verify in bruxism patients the possible efficacy of auricular stimulation in reducing the hypertonicity of some masticatory muscles. METHODS: Forty-three bruxism patients were randomly allocated to 3 groups: acupuncture, needle contact for 10 seconds, no treatment (control). Helkimo's clinical dysfunction index (CDI) and anamnestic dysfunction index (ADI) were used to assess the functional state of the masticatory system. The resting electrical activity of the anterior temporalis (AT), masseter (MM), digastric (DA) and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles was measured, according to Jankelson, with surface electrodes at baseline, after stimulation and continually for 30 minutes (120 measurements in total). The electromyographical variations in the 3 groups were studied with t test for independent samples. RESULTS: Acupuncture and needle contact were superior to control in reducing the muscle hypertonicity of all muscles except SCM. In the comparison between acupuncture and needle contact the former showed better results only for the right TA and left DA (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: In this study it was possible to measure the efficacy of the stimulation of only one point or area, which is an ideal model for research in acupuncture. The auricular area we chose for stimulation was never used before for the purpose of relaxing masticatory muscles. Acupuncture and needle contact for 10 seconds showed similar effects.

Acupuncture, Ear↗

Identification of the Coronal Sources of the Fast Solar Wind.

The present spectroscopic study of the ultraviolet coronal emission in a polar hole, detected on 1996 April 6-9 with the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer aboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory spacecraft, identifies the interplume lanes and background coronal hole regions as the channels in which the fast solar wind is preferentially accelerated. In interplume lanes, at heliocentric distance 1.7 R middle dot in circle, the corona expands at a rate between 105 and 150 km s-1, that is, much faster than in plumes in which the outflow velocity is between 0 and 65 km s-1. The wind velocity is inferred from the Doppler dimming of the O vi lambdalambda1032, 1037 lines, within a range of values, whose lower and upper limit corresponds to anisotropic and isotropic velocity distribution of the oxygen coronal ions, respectively.

Journal Article↗

International research project to devise a protocol to test the effectiveness of acupuncture on painful shoulder.

OBJECTIVES: To describe in detail the questions and deliberations leading to the development of a methodologically rigorous protocol to test the effectiveness of acupuncture on painful shoulder. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial using three groups, including one control group. SETTINGS/LOCATION: A hospital in the north of Italy treating at least 8-10 painful shoulders a day, with physician/acupuncturists, physiotherapists, and assessors available to participate in the study. SUBJECTS: Sixty patients with monolateral painful shoulder. A list of exclusion criteria is given. INTERVENTIONS: Acupuncture + mobilization; mobilization alone (control); ear acupuncture + mobilization. OUTCOME MEASURES: Severity of pain, scored on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and on the McGill Pain Questionnaire and restriction of range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder joint. Voluntary use of pain medication, Tenoxicam 20 mg, was added to the protocol. RESULTS: The research team developed a protocol and methodology that avoids the common flaws and difficulties of previous clinical trials on acupuncture. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians and acupuncture specialists will benefit from the advice and support of a project group consisting of experienced clinicians, researchers, and statisticians when designing and preparing clinical trials on acupuncture and other complementary and alternative therapies.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

The Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC). Construction and validation of an instrument to evaluate sleep disturbances in childhood and adolescence.

To attempt a categorization of sleep disorders in children, we developed a 27 item Likert-type rating scale (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children: SDSC) and assessed the psychometric properties was developed. The scale was distributed to the mothers of 1304 children (1157 controls, mean age 9.8 y; 147 sleep disorder subjects, mean age 9.2y, composed of four clinical groups: Insomnia 39 subjects, Hypersomnia 12 subjects, Respiratory disturbances during sleep 25 subjects and Parasomnias 71 subjects). The internal consistency was high in controls (0.79) and remained at a satisfactory level in sleep disorder subjects (0.71); the test/retest reliability was adequate for the total (r = 0.71) and single item scores. The factor analysis (variance explained 44.21%) yielded six factors which represented the most common areas of sleep disorders in childhood and adolescence. Enuresis was the only item with a factor loading lower than 0.40 and with a low inter-item correlation and was therefore eliminated, resulting in a final scale of 26 items. The re-evaluation of the sample, using the factor scores, supported the validity and the discriminating capacity of the scales between controls and the four clinical groups. The correlation between factor scores corroborated the hypothesis that childhood sleep disturbances are not independent entities nor do they cluster into different groupings related to each other. The SDSC appears to be a useful tool in evaluating the sleep disturbances of school-age children in clinical and non-clinical populations.

Adolescent↗

Diagonal ear-lobe crease: possible significance as cardio-vascular risk factor and its relationship to ear-acupuncture.

The diagonal ear-lobe crease, detectable especially after the age of 40, is still accepted as a sign of coronary heart disease risk. In the literature some authors report an association between anxiety and coronary heart disease. In our work a group of 143 patients with ear-lobe crease showed - in both sexes and in all examined decades (5th, 6th, 7th) - higher levels of anxiety than in the control group. The possible significance of the crease has been considered on the grounds of present knowledge of ear-acupuncture and the somatotopic mapping of CNS on the ear-lobe.

Acupuncture Points↗

[Headache and impacted upper wisdom teeth].

The relationships between wisdom tooth and headache have been rarely studied. The aim of this paper was to follow 13 patients, which suffered with idiopathic headache, after extraction of impacted maxillary wisdom tooth. The authors separated in two group the patients on the basis of a different anatomic site of pain. Patients with bilateral headache or monolateral headache without preferable anatomic site did not respond positively to the extractions. On the other hand the group of patients with monolateral headache or bilateral headache with preferable anatomic site obtained an improvement after the extraction of the maxillary homolateral wisdom tooth.

Adolescent↗

[Preliminary considerations on changes in pigmentation, structure and vascularization of the outer ear in relation to chronic organic or functional disease].

With this preliminary note the Authors propose a study of morphological changes and discolorations of the skin of the auricle in correlation with a chronic pathology. They present an extensive report of 13 patients with a long-standing symptomatology between 3 and 20 years. Time factor and the laterality problems are discussed.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

Ear acupuncture in psychosomatic medicine: the importance of the Sanjiao (triple heater) area.

A group of 50 patients with possible psychosomatic disorders of the cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive systems were treated with Ear acupuncture. Together with a control group of 20 symptomless volunteers they received 4 weekly treatments and a final check of the therapy after 6 weeks. All subjects were examined with the MMPI test, Paykel's scale for stressful life events, and with the SRT scale (Symptom Rating Test) for measuring at each treatment the variations of anxiety, depression and somatisation levels. The results show a similar trend of response to Acupuncture in both groups, which was significantly more pronounced in the stress group for the reduction of the SRT score and the number of Ear acupuncture points. The outer ear was sensitized by stress response in certain recurrent areas, especially of the cavum conchae. The area with the highest relative density of Ear acupoints was the Sanjiao or Triple Heater area.

Acupuncture Points↗