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Biomedical subjects

M Roggendorf

Publications and source records attributed to M Roggendorf.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Propagation of woodchuck hepatitis delta virus in primary woodchuck hepatocytes.

Monolayer cell cultures of primary woodchuck hepatocytes, prepared by perfusing the liver in situ with collagenase type I, yielded hepatocytes with a viability of greater than 90% which could be held in culture for up to 3 months. Cultures of primary woodchuck hepatocytes were infected one day after plating with hepatitis delta virus (HDV) which had been passaged five times in woodchucks and was therefore identified as woodchuck hepatitis delta virus (WHDV). Replication of WHDV was demonstrated by the appearance of genomic WHDV RNA of ca. 1.7 kb beginning 7 days after infection, with an increase of copy numbers up to 2 weeks after inoculation. Synthesis of hepatitis delta virus-associated antigen (HDAg) in hepatocytes was detected by immunofluorescence staining of hepatocytes. Preincubation of the inoculum with rabbit sera containing antibodies against woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen (anti-WHs) reduced the infectivity of WHDV to an undetectable level compared with inocula which were treated with anti-WHs negative sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Incidence of parvovirus B19 infection. Seroepidemiologic studies].

Anti-B19-IgG antibodies were tested for by the ELISA method in 768 sera, 76 from children and juveniles, aged 1-15 years, attending the Outpatients Department of the Children's Clinic, University of Munich, and 692 from persons, aged 18-68 years, attending the blood donor service of the Bavarian Red Cross in Munich. 38.4% of sera were positive, with a significant difference between men and women (32.5% vs. 47.5%, P less than or equal to 0.01). A fresh B19 infection was present in 42 subjects by demonstrating anti-B19-IgM in the ELISA test. The sera came from seven patients with infectious erythema, 26 with skin rash of uncertain cause, two with erythroblastosis fetalis, two with enteritis, one with transitory anaemia, one with juvenile polyarthritis, one with lymphadenitis and arthralgia, and two with an asymptomatic course. Viral B19-DNA was demonstrated by nucleic acid hybridization in a blood unit from an asymptomatic blood donor and in amniotic fluid in a case of erythroblastosis fetalis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Anti-HBc IgM in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis in Taiwan.

The sera of apparently healthy carriers of hepatitis B virus surface antigen enrolled in the Taiwan Prospective Study were tested retrospectively for anti-HBc IgM, to determine whether this test would be useful in predicting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and/or cirrhosis. In comparison with men who did not develop HCC or cirrhosis, the relative risk of those with anti-HBc IgM elevations was 3.4 and 5.6, respectively. Each of these factors was highly statistically significant, although the difference between them was not. Demonstration of anti-HBc IgM titers of greater than 1:1000 in serum probably reflects ongoing low level viral replication but not recent infection. Anti-HBc IgM appears to be a useful prognostic indicator for the future development of HCC and/or cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Association of non-immunologically-induced hydrops fetalis with Parvovirus B19 infection].

Five weeks after the onset of clinical symptoms of erythema infectiosum, a 24 year old pregnant woman, gravida I, para 0, suffered a hydrops fetalis which resulted in fetal loss. The maternal infection with the human parvovirus B19 could be confirmed serologically with ELISA and immunoblot by detecting specific IgM antibodies against B19. In an amniotic sample of the fetus Parvovirus B19 DNA could be detected by hybridisation. Fetal loss was obviously due to a parvovirus B19 infection of the mother and the fetus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of proteins associated with hepatitis delta virus.

The number and size of proteins associated with hepatitis delta virus (HDV) from serum and liver (human, chimpanzee and woodchuck) in the acute and chronic stages of HDV infection were analysed by immunoblotting. HDV particles in serum were separated from serum proteins by gel filtration and peak fractions of HDV antigens were subjected to PAGE. Immunoblotting with human anti-HDV-positive sera and 125I-labelled Protein A revealed two bands of 27K and 29K. It was not possible to identify any core-like structure from liver homogenates by CsCl gradient centrifugation. HDV proteins from such gradients were degraded to a size of 14K as determined by immunoblotting. HDV RNA was found in fractions at a density of 1.5 g/ml. However, direct homogenization of liver tissue in gel electrophoresis sample buffer, followed by PAGE and immunoblotting resulted in identification of HDV-associated proteins of 27K and 29K, indicating that HDV proteins in liver tissue are the same size as those in serum, but that they degrade rapidly. There was no difference in size of HDV proteins in liver samples from humans, chimpanzees or woodchucks.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Spread of early-summer meningoencephalitis in the Federal Republic of Germany].

Between 1978 and 1984 there were 299 serologically confirmed cases of tick-borne encephalitis in the Federal Republic of Germany (180 males, 119 females; aged 1-82 years). A previous tick bite was recalled by 258 (86.2%). The illness had taken the form of a feverish infection in 13, meningitis in 161, meningoencephalitis in 13, and meningomyeloencephalitis in 14. There were three deaths (1%), and permanent neurological sequelae in 20 (7%). The incidence of new cases cases between April and October varied from eight to 118 per year. The Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) was the place of infection in 239, other European countries in 52 (42 in Austria). In the FRG the disease occurred predominantly in Bavaria (156), half of the cases in Lower Bavaria and eastern and northern Upper Bavaria and in Baden-Württemberg (78), concentrated in the regions around Freiburg and Karlsruhe, a few (3) in Hessen and Rhineland-Palatinate (2). No cases were noted in other parts of the FRG. Antibody studies on 8526 persons in the endemic regions of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg produced rates of 2.0 and 1.2%, respectively. The rate increased with age, to a peak of 2.4% in the seventh decade. Those working in forestry and agriculture had a higher antibody rate, at 4.6 and 3.3% respectively, than civil servants, employees and housewives (0.4-0.9%). In some areas the antibody rate varied from less than 1 to 6%. Those with higher antibody rates also had higher infection rates, and vice versa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Different immune responses after intradermal and intramuscular administration of vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis virus.

A single multisite intradermal (ID) administration of the same dose used for regular intramuscular (IM) immunisation with vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) resulted in seroconversion of all vaccinees within three weeks: with the regular IM schedule, two vaccinations were necessary for all vaccinees to seroconvert. After the first ID vaccination, antibodies of the IgM class against TBEV (anti-TBEV-IgM) were observed in all vaccinees; after the first IM vaccination, only three out of nine vaccinees showed an IgM response. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of anti-TBEV-IgM in seropositives was 5-20-fold higher in the ID group and similar to that after natural infection. The GMT of antibodies of the IgG class against TBEV (anti-TBEV-IgG) was also higher in the ID group but with a less marked difference. Hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibodies appeared earlier and persisted longer after one or two ID injections; after a third vaccination, HI antibody levels were similar in both groups. Side effects after ID vaccination were limited to local reactions. These results indicate that follow-up injections may be omitted or at least reduced after ID administration of the vaccine dose usually used for IM vaccination schedules. However, additional studies in larger groups of vaccinees are necessary before ID vaccination can be recommended for general use.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiological studies on the prevalence of hepatitis Delta virus infections in the Federal Republic of Germany.

This study evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) infections in various groups of HBsAg carriers including drug addicts and patients with hemophilia in the Federal Republic of Germany. HDV was found only occasionally (less than 1%) in individuals found HBsAg positive during an examination as potential blood donors or in hemodialysis patients, but in 3% in patients with chronic hepatitis and up to 50% in drug addicts and hemophilia patients. These findings are in agreement with data reported from other European countries. Presence of antibodies to HDV in two hemodialysis patients indicates the presence of HDV in this group and screening for HDV infections in hemodialysis units is indicated to prevent outbreaks of this disease in HBsAg-positive patients with possibly serious consequences.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1985

[Frequency of delta infections in Heidelberg].

The frequency of delta infection was studied in sera of 203 patients with acute hepatitis B, further 461 hepatitis B virus surface antigen-(HBsAg)-positive patients and 117 HBsAg-negative controls by determination of anti-delta by a competitive enzyme immunoassay. Sera have been collected since 1974. None of the sera of acute hepatitis B was anti-delta-positive whereas seven of the HBsAg-positive carriers were anti-delta-positive. Two of the anti-delta-positive patients had chronic hepatitis, four had liver cirrhosis. One of the anti-delta-positive patients with liver cirrhosis died of liver failure. Risk factors included Italian origin and parenteral routes of infection. All sera of 19 relatives of three anti-delta-positive index cases remained anti-delta-negative.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1985

Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus: role of maternal HBeAg and anti-HBc IgM.

The development of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier states in newborns of HBsAg-positive mothers was correlated to the presence of anti-HBc IgM and HBeAg in the mothers. There was a positive correlation between infection of the newborn and the presence of HBeAg, as shown previously, but no correlation with anti-HBc IgM.

Carrier State↗