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Biomedical subjects

M Rogers

Publications and source records attributed to M Rogers.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Assessment of abdominal and back extensor function. A quantitative approach and results for chronic low-back patients.

A method was developed to obtain static and dynamic measures of trunk flexor and extensor strength and endurance. The method was evaluated using 32 normal subjects. Variables of trunk strength and endurance were used to compare 24 normals (12 men and 12 women) and 24 patients (16 men and eight women) with chronic low-back dysfunction. The Iowa Trunk Dynamometer is acceptably reliable and provides for assessment of isolated function of the abdominal and back muscles. For peak abdominal and back extensor strength, the range of superiority of men over women was 39-57%, and the range of superiority of normals over patients with chronic low-back dysfunction was 48-82%. Using time to percent decrement of peak strength as a criterion, the abdominals were more susceptible to fatigue than the back extensors, women demonstrated more endurance than men, and the endurance for normals was less than those patients who were able to perform dynamic reciprocal trunk movements.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1983

Experience with an elimination diet in children with atopic dermatitis.

In order to define possible food-provoking factors, we placed twenty-nine children with chronic atopic dermatitis on an elimination diet. The children remained on their normal diet for 2 weeks followed by 2 weeks on the elimination diet. Foods were then re-introduced at the rate of a new one every 2 days in an attempt to identify foods exacerbating eczema. Thirteen children (45%) completed the elimination diet and seven of these were improved on parental assessment of sleeplessness, itchiness and area of eczema. Five were improved on the dermatologist's assessment. Only two children were able to identify foods provoking their eczema. Sixteen children (55%) failed to complete the elimination diet. Eight felt it was too strict, while eight did not return for follow-up. From our experience, dietary manipulation in older children with chronic atopic dermatitis offers only limited long-term therapeutic gains.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Histology of the irradiated rat brain in the first post-irradiation year.

The histology of the brains of rats killed were studied, following various doses of 250 kV X rays. The majority of rats which were killed before 200 days showed no damage to the mid-brain and cerebral hemispheres. However, the trigeminal and facial nerves exhibited necrosis, the origin of which was probably in the central nervous tissue of the transitional region between central and peripheral nerve systems. The result of these lesions was atrophy of the masticatory muscles and a consequent difficulty in feeding. Rats surviving beyond 200 days post-irradiation exhibited focal necrosis within central white matter regions which resembled, both in form and location, those described in previous reports for rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita.

Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) is a rare condition. Less than 60 cases have been reported. We saw four patients who were born in Sydney, Australia, between April 1978 and September 1979. The homes of the four mothers were located within an area having a 19.2-km radius, a population of approximately 900,000, and an annual live birth rate of approximately 19,000. Two patients were male and two were female. All showed segmental involvement and early resolution. Hemiatrophy developed in three patients, but no other associated abnormalities were detected.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1981

Disposition of pranolium chloride in dogs, baboons and monkeys.

The general disposition of [14C]-Pranolium Chloride (SC-27761), a potential anti-arrhythmic agent, has been studied in the beagle dog, baboon and rhesus monkey. The compound was moderately absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract of the three species at 5 mg/kg. There was appreciable inter-animal variation in the amount of absorption, and the absorption was dose-dependent in the monkey. After i.v. dosage the radioactivity was largely cleared via the kidneys. The initial elimination half-lives for Pranolium in the dog and primate were between 0.6 to 3.1 hours after i.v. dosage, but could not be determined after oral dosage. Less than 1% of the dose was localised in monkey fetal tissues, two hours after an i.v. dose was given to pregnant female rhesus monkeys, and the highest concentrations of radiolabel were detected in fetal liver. Pranolium was found to be extensively metabolised and 1-naphthol was identified as a major metabolite. Pranolium was excreted in urine both unchanged and as conjugates, but 1-naphthol was excreted largely as conjugates.

Absorption↗
PubMed1981

Attitudes about death in the nursing home: a research note.

An increasing percentage of the U.S. population dies in nursing homes. Despite the increased attention given to the topic of death, most nursing homes practice a covert approach. A total of 86 residents and staff members from 2 nursing homes support this finding; yet many expressed an interest in modifying the policy. A majority believed that others should be told about the death of a resident. Respondents reported the interview process to be satisfying.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The effectiveness of group psychotherapy during the first three weeks of hospitalization. A controlled study.

Insight-oriented group psychotherapy is a common modality of treatment on inpatient psychiatric wards, yet is effectiveness for acutely hospitalized patients has not been adequately studied. A comparison was made of the effects of three experimental conditions (insight-oriented group psychotherapy, activity-oriented task group, and unstructured control condition) on 86 acutely hospitalized psychiatric patients at a United States Air Force teaching hospital. The group psychotherapy and task group patients did not show greater improvement after 20 days of hospitalization than control patients. In fact, significantly more psychotic patients scored worse in the group psychotherapy condition. It is suggested that insight-oriented group psychotherapy may not be an effective treatment modality during the first 3 weeks of psychiatric hospitalization, especially for psychotic patients.

Adolescent↗