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Biomedical subjects

M Roger

Publications and source records attributed to M Roger.

286 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[GH secretion induced by continuous infusion of insulin (4 u/hour) in 9 insulin treated adult diabetics before and after CB 154 (2.5 mg/24 h) (author's transl)].

Continuous infusion of insulin (4 u/h) was performed in 9 insulin treated adult diabetics before and after CB 154 (2.5 mg/24 h). In 4 patients GH secretion do not exist under insulin infusion before CB 154 in spite of mean blood glucose level decrease of 1.5 g/l. In the same group GH secretion appears after CB 154. In the 5 others patients CH secretion is induced by blood glucose level decrease and became higher after CB 154.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A histological and hormonal study of 399 women near the menopause or with confirmed menopause (author's transl)].

This work is concerned with 399 women who were either near the menopause or had had the menopause and on whom 476 hormone levels and 169 examinations of the endometrium had been carried out. It is possible to put the women into three groups. 13 p. 100 showed a diphasic cycle, with more or less normal ovarian function. Among the group of women whose cycle was not diphasic an appreciable number had normal oestrogenic activity, or were indeed hyperoestrogenic. The others were hypo-oestrogenic. Several facts can be derived from this study. Raised levels of E.2 can be found even when there is no cyclical activity and even in women who have raised levels of FSH. Normal ovarian function may be resumed several months after the menopause, although when the levels of FSH are raised the occurrence of the postmenopausal state would seem to be confirmed. The presence of hot flushes does not seem to correspond to a particular hormonal state. Marked differences seem to exist between the levels of the plasma hormones and the endometrial biopsy results. It is possible to have an atrophic endometrium with a raised level of oestradiol-17 beta, or on the other hand a polypoidal endometrium in women who are hypo-oestrogenic. The presence of levels of progesterone such as are found in a normal luteal phase does not indicate that the endometrium will necessarily be secretory. These contradictions cannot be resolved by studying the intra-cellular concentrations of the hormone receptors. The approach of the menopause is not always characterized by a progressive and continuous state of oestrogen deficiency or by hypophysial overactivity. This classical picture can be heavily shaded. All kinds of hormone profiles and responses by the receptor organs may be met and the clinician should be aware of these facts when he chooses therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of 6 pituitary hormones in the cerebrospinal fluid. Control subjects, prolactin adenomas, empty sella syndrome and hypothalamic disorders (author's transl)].

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum concentrations of TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, GH and PRL were measured simultaneously in 34 subjects divided into 3 groups: I-12 normal subjects (6 males and 6 females); II-12 prolactin adenomas (3 males and 9 females); III-5 empty sella syndromes, 3 hypothalamic disorders, 1 chromophobe adenoma, 1 pituitary dwarfism. It is concluded that: 1) pituitary hormones are the normal constituents of CSF but the level can be undetectable and in any case lower than the serum level. 2) there is a positive correlation between serum and CSF concentration of PRL when serum PRL is higher than 20 ng/ml, indicating that the CSF level is influenced by serum level. 3) in prolactin adenomas, only prolactin is elevated in the CSF. 4) there is no correlation between the high level of CSF-PRL and a suprasellar extension of the adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas in children and adolescents. Study of a series of 8 cases].

Eight adolescent patients, 4 boys and 4 girls with prolactin secreting pituitary adenomas have been studied. The first symptoms developed between the ages of 8 and 14 years. The main complaints were headache (7 cases), delay or failure of growth (6 cases) or of puberty (3 cases), and amenorrhoea with galactorrhoea (2 cases). The diagnosis could be made easily from the enlarged sella turcica and the high plasma prolactin levels. Anterior pituitary insufficiency is variable. Persistent hyperprolactinaemia after surgery may require treatment with bromocriptine.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Headaches and diet].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia due to 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency. Study of eleven cases (author's transl)].

Eleven cases of congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia are studied. This study leads to point out some peculiar characteristics: virilization of external genitalia in girls is most usually important; arterial hypertension is delayed, usually after some years; plasma androgens and desoxycortisol are highly elevated; plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone is slightly elevated and this may be misleading; good results of treatment which must preferably use hydrocortisone since plasma cortisol is sometimes low; long-term risks in treated children include chronic hypertension in both sexes, advanced puberty in girls and pubertal gynecomastia in boys.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of pituitary hormones in cerebrospinal fluid in normal subjects and in hypothalamo-pituitary diseases. Secreting or non-secreting pituitary adenoma, empty sella syndrome, hypothalamic syndromes].

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum concentrations of TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, GH and PRL were measured simultaneously in 34 subjects divided into 3 groups: I--12 normal subjects (6 males and 6 females); II--12 prolactin adenomas (3 males and 9 females); III--5 empty sella syndromes; 3 hypothalamic disorders; 1 chromophobe adenoma; 1 pituitary dwarfism. It is concluded that:--pituitary hormones are the normal constituents of CSF but the level can be undetectable and in any case lower than the serum level; --there is a positive correlation between serum and CSF concentration of PRL when serum PRL is higher than 20 ng/ml, indicating that the CSF level is influenced by serum level; --in prolactin adenomas only prolactin is elevated in the CSF; --there is no correlation between the high level of CSF-PRL and a suprasellar extension of the adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical, cytogenetical, histological, immunological and hormonal studies in a case of true hermaphroditism (author's transl)].

A true hermaphrodite with ambiguous genitalia and 46 XX caryotype was investigated during adolescence. At 13 years testosterone concentrations (ng/ml) were 6 and 390 respectively in peripheral and right ovotestis venous blood. After removal of the right gonad, large fluctuations of estradiol levels (40 to 220 pg/ml) were observed. But the testosterone secretion by the left ovotestis was low, although responsive to hCG. A significant LH surge was induced by ethinyl-estradiol load before removal of the left gonad. The 5 alpha-reductase activity was normal in the pubic skin and the levels of cytosolic receptors of testosterone and DHT were high in the left gonad. The presence of H-Y antigen was demonstrated on lymphocytes.

3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multicenter, double-blind, controlled comparison of zolpidem and triazolam in elderly patients with insomnia.

The efficacy and safety of zolpidem, a hypnotic of a new chemical class (the imidazopyridines), was compared with a reference benzodiazepine in elderly insomniac patients in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial. Hospitalized patients aged 58 to 98 years were randomized to receive zolpidem 5 mg (70 patients), zolpidem 10 mg (74 patients), or triazolam 0.25 mg (77 patients) at bed-time. (Three patients were excluded and 13 patients did not complete the study.) The 3-week active treatment period was preceded by 3 and followed by 7 days of placebo administration. Sleep quality was assessed by the patient via a questionnaire and visual analog scale. A clinician's global impression was also recorded. All measures of sleep quality were improved by both doses of zolpidem and by triazolam. The improvements between the end of the placebo phase and the end of the active treatment phase were significant for all treatments and assessment instruments. Moreover, the significant improvements in all measures were maintained during the week following withdrawal of both doses of zolpidem. The improvement in most sleep assessment parameters was maintained after withdrawal of triazolam. Tolerability of all treatments was excellent. The majority of patients reported no adverse effects. The reported adverse effects in all groups included nightmares, daytime drowsiness, and day- or nighttime agitation. There was no evidence of rebound insomnia; the therapeutic effect of zolpidem outlasted drug treatment. There were no signs of agitation or anxiety following cessation of treatment, which might be indicative of withdrawal phenomena. Confusion was recorded only in the triazolam group. These results suggest that zolpidem is at least as effective as triazolam in geriatric insomniac patients. Zolpidem 5 mg and 10 mg demonstrated a good safety profile. On the basis of these data, zolpidem 5 mg should be given as a starting dose in elderly patients, with a possible increase up to 10 mg in more severe cases of insomnia.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Contribution of MRI to the study of the inner ear].

We analyse the contribution of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to the study of the inner ear for the evaluation of normal anatomy and pathology of the membranous labyrinth. Our protocol is discussed with emphasis on 3D SSFP images (tridimensional Steady State Free Precession) and high resolution 2D SEF images (bidimensional Fast Spin Echo). We comment briefly on the indications of the method in neurosensory hearing loss and the way in which it complements CT.

Ear, Inner↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Measurement of biological activity of hLH. Multicenter study].

This report describes the results of a multicentric study of biological methods for luteinizing hormone (hLH). The production of testosterone by animal Leydig cells is used by five laboratories with different methodologies including rat, mouse and pig cells. Dose-response curves of testosterone production, quality criteria and results on a physiological population of men and women, are reported and discussed. It is concluded that the bioactive determination of hLH must be considered as a reference method used in discordances between clinic and immunological methods.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of tiapride for agitation in the elderly. Review of published studies].

Among elderly disruptive behavior agitation and aggressiveness are frequent and often related to dementia. They are known for increasing the risk of patients' institutionalization and causing distress to families and care givers. When a drug prescription is required, physicians have to take into account the high sensitivity of elderly. Tiapride is an atypical neuroleptic which acts preferentially on D2 and D3 dopaminergic receptors. Several papers concerning results of clinical trials conducted in Europe and Japan have been published and reviewed in this article. The interest of tiapride in the treatment of elderly agitation and aggressiveness has been assessed in four double blind clinical trials including more than 700 patients. The efficacy of tiapride (aggressiveness, agitation, delusion and wandering) was demonstrated in a trial versus placebo (p = 0.027) including 324 patients treated for 28 days with 75 to 150 mg/d. Furthermore the superiority of tiapride (175 to 450 mg/d) on chlorpromazine (18 to 112.5 mg/d) was shown in two trials where 262 patients were treated for four weeks, and a recent survey highlighted that tiapride (400 mg/d) is as efficient as melperone (100 mg/d), the only neuroleptic to be indicated in treatment of elderly agitation and aggressiveness in Germany. Besides, 30 open clinical trials including around 1,000 patients have been conducted and have shown homogeneous and positive results. In the two trials versus chlorpromazine, the safety of tiapride was better, with especially less drowsiness, extrapyramidal symptoms, and dry mouth. Compared to lorazepam, in healthy subjects, tiapride caused less memory impairment. European and Japanese open studies confirmed the safety of tiapride in the elderly. In conclusion, tiapride at doses of 100 to 300 mg/d, appeared to be a therapy of elderly agitation and aggressiveness, at less as efficient as the other drugs used in this indication. Furthermore, the safety of tiapride is an advantage compared to benzodiazepines and neuroleptics.

Aged↗