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Biomedical subjects

M Robert

Publications and source records attributed to M Robert.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Tolerance and biological activity of pentosan polysulfate after intramuscular or subcutaneous administration for ten days in human volunteers.

This study reports on the tolerance and the pharmacological activity of pentosan polysulfate (PPS) administered to healthy volunteers for 10 days. Three groups of 10 subjects received either one daily injections of 100 mg of PPS by I. M. route (group I), or two daily injection of 50 mg of PPS by I. M. or S. C. route (groups II and III, respectively). In each group two random subjects received a placebo for the 10 days; on day 0, each subject was injected by a placebo. Clinical tolerance was checked by a daily physical examination; biological tolerance was assessed comparing the results of the main biochemical and haematological constants measured before starting the treatment (day 0) and 12 or 24 h after the end of the treatment (day 11). The pharmacological activity was measured on serial samples taken before treatment and between 1 and 6 h after the drug injection on days 1, 3 and 10; the results were compared to those obtained on day 0. Clinical tolerance was good. The biological side effects concern the transaminase levels and the platelet counts. An increase above the upper normal limit was observed in 18/24 and 3/24 for alanine and aspartic transaminase respectively. The mean platelet reduction ranged between 24 and 34% according to the groups. The drug injection induced a slight Quick time (PT) prolongation, no significant alteration of factors II, VII-X, V levels and of thrombin clotting time. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was significantly prolonged and there was a weak but significant circulating anti-Xa activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1986

Activation of retinal rod cyclic GMP-phosphodiesterase by transducin: characterization of the complex formed by phosphodiesterase inhibitor and transducin alpha-subunit.

The GTP-binding subunit of transducin (T alpha) activates the cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) of bovine retinal rods by relieving the constraint imposed by the inhibitory subunit PDE gamma. We have isolated and characterized the complex T alpha.GTP gamma S-PDE gamma formed when T alpha is activated by the nonhydrolyzable analog GTP gamma S. Sedimentation and light-scattering techniques demonstrate that, in contrast to free T alpha.GTP gamma S, which is soluble, the T alpha.GTP gamma S-PDE gamma complex, as well as T alpha.GTP-PDE gamma, is membrane bound at cytosolic ionic strength. It is eluted from the membrane at low ionic strength as a monomeric and 1:1 stoichiometric complex. The relative affinities of PDE gamma for PDE alpha beta and for T alpha.GTP are discussed.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1986

Interstrain correlation between behavioural effects of lithium and effects on cortical cyclic AMP.

Six inbred mouse strains were studied to explore possible correlations between lithium effects on behaviour and on cortical cyclic AMP. The strains were fed lithium in ground food for 3 weeks before behavioural tests and ex vivo evaluation of cyclic AMP accumulation. Replicating previous reports, there was a significant inverse correlation (r = 0.73, n = 6) between spontaneous activity and noradrenaline-induced cyclic AMP, and an almost significant correlation (r = 0.67, n = 6) between spontaneous activity and adenosine-induced cyclic AMP accumulation. The effect of lithium to depress spontaneous activity correlated with its effect to inhibit adenosine-induced rises in cyclic AMP (r = 0.716, n = 6). There were significant strain differences in the behavioural responses to amphetamine. In two strains where amphetamine raised activity and lithium inhibited the amphetamine-induced rise, lithium also significantly inhibited the adenosine-induced rise in cyclic AMP. Two other strains showed amphetamine-induced rises in activity that were not inhibitable by lithium, and these strains showed no significant inhibition by lithium of adenosine-induced cyclic AMP accumulation. The remaining two strains showed no behavioural activity increase with amphetamine.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1986

[Acute intestinal intussusception in infants and children and abdominal ultrasonography].

Ultrasound imaging findings of the invaginated bud are described in 60 young children referred with a suspected acute intestinal intussusception over a period of 5 months. An initial group of 28 children were examined by ultrasonography and a barium enema for diagnostic and possible therapeutic purposes. The second series of 32 children were a therapeutic enema only when ultrasound images provided a positive diagnosis. The method is considered to be a reliable one requiring less medication, and has the principal advantage of suppression of the need for diagnostic barium enema.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

[Fractures of the upper part of the radius in children].

The authors analyse the results of forty five cases of fractures of proximal radius in children with average follow up 7 years. The average age of the children was 9 years. Detailed radiological examination warrants classification under four degrees of displacement (four cases displaced, 17 cases lower 30 degrees, 15 cases between 30 degrees and 60 degrees, 9 cases upper 60 degrees). Associated lesions was present in 15 cases. For treatment, 21 immobilisations, 10 closes reductions, 6 percutaneous reduction by means of a kirshner nail, 8 open reduction were done. Pronostic is good for degrees I and II (20 excellent, 1 good result), pronostic is incertain for degrees III and IV (13 excellent, 2 good, 3 fair and poor results). Correlation is straight between procedure of management and result. The authors suggest their indications, who are depending from age and displacement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Nephroblastoma with endocrine cells. Immunohistochemical study].

A case of a nephroblastoma harbouring numerous endocrine cells is reported. Endocrine cells were immuno-characterized as serotonin and somatostatin cells. In addition, a small group of pigmented cells, probably melanin-containing, was observed. This tumor could belong to the teratoid variety of nephroblastoma.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

[Prognostic value of the exercise test performed less than 40 days after the first infarction].

Stress testing was performed in 159 men (mean age 49.83 years) between the 10th and 40th day after primary myocardial infarction. The average work achieved was 79 watts with a heart rate of 121/min, systolic blood pressure of 169 mmHg, and a double product of 20 544. The result was negative in 53 p. 100 of cases, and positive in 47 p. 100: the positive response was ischaemic in 23 p. 100 and non ischaemic in 24 p. 100 of cases. In the 2 years which followed, post-infarction angina was observed in 44 p. 100 of cases (14 p. 100 unstable angina), recurrent infarction in 7 p. 100 and death in 4 p. 100; coronary angiography was performed in 19 p. 100 of cases and coronary bypass surgery in 6 p. 100; 53 p. 100 of patients remained asymptomatic. The difference in predictive value between negative stress testing for an asymptomatic outcome and a positive ischaemic test for post-infarction angina and bypass surgery was important (p less than 0.001). The correlation was not as significant for death and recurrent infarction. The non-ischaemic positive result was of less value. There was no relationship to age but the prediction was more accurate in postero-inferior (p less than 0.001) than anterior infarction (p less than 0.05). The timing of the test affected the performance and patient comfort but had less influence on the results. Nevertheless, the predictive values were less good at 2 weeks than later on and significantly improved when testing was performed between the 10th and 11th week. However, early stress testing was valuable for identifying high risk subgroups.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Fractures of the medial epicondyle in children].

The authors have analysed retrospectively the results of 53 fractures of medial epicondyle in children. For the review of the radiographies, they describe four degrees of displacement. The average age of the children was 12,5 years (range 7 to 16 years). Posterior dislocation of the elbow was present in 50% of the cases. The fracture of the medial epicondyle was treated surgically in thirty-five cases. Results were: 42 excellent, 8 fair, and 3 poor. Non union explains these three poor results. Neurologic complications were few and transient in all cases.

Adolescent↗