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Biomedical subjects

M Raphael

Publications and source records attributed to M Raphael.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Lethal midline granuloma, An anatomoclinical study apropos of 3 cases].

In Midline malignant granuloma, a clinical entity characterized by necrotic ulcerations of the upper respiratory tract, two different histological features can be observed. The first one, called "idiopathic" granuloma, looks like simple granulation tissue and remains a strictly localized disease. In the second type (midline malignant reticulosis or histiocytosis), the granulation tissue contains atypical histiocytic cells. The 3 cases reported here belong to this last group. The early lesions were located in the nose (2 cases) or in the maxillary sinus (1 case). The histological analysis showed in all cases 20 to 40% of atypical histiocytes associated with other "inflammatory" cells. Radiotherapy was used in association with chemotherapy or surgery in the treatment. One patient is still alive at 3 years. We have no follow-up data for another patient. The third patient died after 18 months. An autopsy demonstrated multifocal visceral involvement by atypical histiocytes (malignant histiocytic lymphoma). The histogenesis of this disease, in light of histoenzymological and ultrastructural findings, and its possible relationship to lymphomatoid granulomatosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Tumoral medullary compressions in malignant hemopathy (a 28 cases review (author's transl)].

The authors reviewed 28 cases of tumoral medullary compressions in malignant hemopathy. At once they point out 2 groups according to the fact that this compression is or not the revealing symptom of the disease. With regard to different data, that is to say, preoperative clinical examination with complementary investigations, and then results obtained from decompressive laminectomy followed or not with complementary therapy; the elements of the functional prognosis are analysed. They insist on frequency of medullary compression in a neuro surgical environment, as the revealing symptom of the hematologic disease and its immediate decompressive therapy is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy and neurological manifestations (author's transl)].

Cases of associated angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIL) and peripheral neuropathies have been rarely reported in the literature. Three such cases are described, in two men and one woman aged 79, 59, and 45 years respectively. Diagnosis of AIL was confirmed by lymph node biopsy in the two latter patients during their lifetime, and in the first case from examination of cervical nodes at autopsy. All three patients presented neurological disorders, of the polyradiculoneuritis type in the first case, multiple neuritis of the lower limbs followed by radiculalgia in the second, and myalgia and neuralgia with neurogenic signs in the EMG in the third case. No evidence of a toxic, metabolic, or infections aetiology was found, histological examination of nerve and muscle specimens demonstrated localised AIL lesions in one case, and discrete lymphoplasmocytic infiltration of the peripheral nervous system in the other two patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Neuropathy in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (author's transl)].

Four cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy associated to peripheral neuropathy are described. The neuropathy was mixed, sensory and motor, more or less extensive, always asymetrical. In two cases, the clinical symptomatology and the clinical course were very peculiar, characterized by sensory disorders of a precise topography, circumscribed and sometimes suspended and by a relapsing and remitting course. In the third case, the neurological signs were acute and rapidly extensive with mandatory respiratory assistance. In this case, death occurred after a few weeks and the exact diagnosis was only attained at post-mortem examination. In the fourth case the neuropathy was very painful but the course was slow. In all four cases marked and extensive pain was present prior to the neurological disorders. Electrophysiological abnormalities were a constant feature with a marked slowing down of nerve conduction velocity. CSF was normal at the beginning in one case but was otherwise markedly pathological with an increased number of cells due to a large number of lymphocytes ranging from 6 to 40 cells while protein ranged from 60 to 160 mg per 100 ml. Nerve and muscle biopsies were non specific, i.e. neurogenous muscular atrophy and demyelination, except in case n. 4 where specific angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy infiltrates were present both in nerve and muscle. In cases 1 and 3 a non specific lymphohistiocytic infiltrate was present in spinal roots and meninges. Corticotherapy was used and efficient in two cases. These data are compared with a review of the literature. Since 1976, 7 cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy associated to peripheral neuropathy have been reported. Clinical, electrophysiological and biological features are similar. Only one case underwent a post mortem examination of the central nervous system: a non specific lymphocytic infiltration in the spinal roots and meninges was mentioned. The role of the dysproteinemia associated with the AIL in the occurrence of the neuropathies is discussed. It remains a possible factor only. The role of a massive specific localization of the pathological process is well established in only one case (case 4). Such localization in lymphomas are not unusual. In 2 of our cases as well as in 2 from the literature the pathological findings are non specific: mild lymphoplasmocytic infiltrates of spinal roots and meninges. Those lesions are similar to neuropathies associated to non metastasizing neoplasms or malignant hemopathies.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Malignant non-Hodgkin type lymphomas of the main salivary glands. A report on 11 cases (author's transl)].

Malignant non-Hodgkin type lymphomas (MNHL) are relatively frequent tumors but their localisation in the salivary glands is rarely reported in the published literature. The authors describe 11 such cases, seen in the stomatology Department of the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris over a period of 4 years, in which the MNHL was located in the salivary tissues (2 purely glandular, 1 of the mixed type, and 8 extranodal tumors). Treatment by multiple chemotherapy and radiotherapy demonstrated that survival, whatever the anatomical type or even the histological form, was improved in relation to that observed with tumors in other locations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Cytoenzymological, immunological and scanning electron microscopic studies on 49 cases (author's transl)].

Light cytology, enzymology, immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy have been performed on 49 bronchoalveolar fluids recovered by bronchoscopic lavage. The patients had the following lung diseases: infectious pneumonitis (19 cases), pulmonary fibrosis (13 cases) including 5 sarcoïdosis, 3 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 5 silicosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (5 cases) and miscellaneous lung tumors (12 cases). Cytologic studies in comparison with clinical aspects show 4 groups: Group I (chronic bronchopneumopathy and inactive fibrosis) presents numerous cells but few lymphocytes (less than 5%); in Group II (evolutive fibrosis) have an increase percentage of lymphocytes (20%); in Group III (hypersensitivity pneumonitis) is observed a very high percentage of lymphocytes (45%); and in Group IV (cancerous lung diseases) values are not far from normal percentage except for lymphomas. Small macrophages (diameter: 10 microns) with a central monocytoïde nucleus and few cytoplasma, are abundant in groups II and III where lymphocytosis is higher. Scanning electron microscopy shows irregular and rough surface, and numerous spontaneous adherences with erythrocytes, lymphocytes, or bacterias. Enzymatic activity (acid hydrolase, esterase, oxydase) increases in these cells. Lymphocytes have a smooth surface ovocative of T origin which is confirmed by granular acid phosphatase positivity and rosette forming test. Immunofluorescence shows positive granules with IgG, C1Q and C3 in macrophages only for Groups II and III while free immunoglobulins were present in the recovered lavage fluid.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1979

[Quantitative study of medullary adipocytes in marrow aplasia (author's transl)].

Quantification of adipocyte surface in relation to hematopoietic tissue was performed quantitatively with a classimat on 21 marrow biopsies from patients belonging to the Cooperative Marrow Aplasia Group. This analysis revealed two quantitative parameters, distribution and homogeneity, which permitted the classification of the biopsies into four groups. Each of these categories has been correlated with clinical and kinetic data.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

[Inflammatory granuloma of the face with a malignant course. Atypical Hodgkin's disease (author's transl)].

A case of Hodgkin's disease beginning in the skin of the face with local lymph node involvement is reported. This was a lymphogranulomatous form without characteristic Reed-Sternberg cells in skin biopsy specimens, rendering the diagnosis difficult. There was a combination of granulomatous inflammation, plaques of necrosis and lesions of fibrinoid necrosis in the vessel walls. This form entered the classification of clinical Stage IV, with its associated serious prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cancer detection in working women: a report on 7450 subjects.

A cancer detection programme for women was devised in 1964 by the writer, who attended an increasing number of work centres, mostly on an annual basis. During 12 years 7450 women were examined, some of them more than once. There were 237 abnormal Papanicolaou smears (in 112 of which the histological diagnosis was carcinoma or moderate to severe dysplasia), and 18 carcinomas of the breast. Education about cancer, teaching of breast self-examination and general counseling were also carried out. The high detection rate of cancer emphasizes the need for such services to be taken to the women at risk, and suggests that annual Papanicolaou smears are still the ideal.

Adolescent↗