Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Rapaport

Publications and source records attributed to M Rapaport.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Irritant contact dermatitis to glyceryl monothioglycolate.

Glyceryl monothioglycolate has recently been implicated as an allergen. A case of a hairdresser who used this material is presented. He appeared to have an irritant contact dermatitis on his fingertips. Patch testing the patient and extensive patch testing in a group of fifty-four volunteers showed a very high incidence of irritant positive patch tests. No instance of allergy could be demonstrated in the reading of the patch tests or in biopsies of several individuals. Differentiation between allergens and irritants is difficult at times, but is necessary to avoid mislabeling of chemicals.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of topical erythromycin and oral tetracycline in acne vulgaris.

A double-blind study was conducted to compare topical erythromycin 1.5 percent solution (Staticin solution) with oral tetracycline (250 mg) twice a day in fifty-four patients with Grades II and III acne vulgaris. Although both therapies produced a statistically significant reduction in the number and severity of the acne lesions, the topical preparation usually showed an effect earlier and to a greater degree than the oral medication. By the end of the study, some of these differences were statistically significant. After twelve weeks of treatment, topical erythromycin therapy produced a 58 percent reduction in the overall lesion count, as opposed to the 38 percent reduction produced by oral tetracycline therapy. In addition, the Propionibacterium acnes counts were reduced with erythromycin by over 90 percent and with tetracycline treatment by over 80 percent. Two patients treated with tetracycline developed vaginal candidiasis and therapy had to be discontinued. During topical treatment with erythromycin only mild adverse experiences were reported and none resulted in withdrawal from the study.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1982

[Lymphomatous polyposis of the digestive tract].

A case of multiple lymphomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract is presented. The recent literature on this type of lymphoma is reviewed. Also summarized are the clinical findings, diagnostic procedures, current methods of treatment and prognosis of these patients. Diarrhea upon admission, lead us to a complete work up finally to the correct diagnosis. The lack of symptoms of this patient was in contrast with most of the cases reviewed, so the diagnosis was mainly based on the endoscopic findings (colonoscopy and esofago-gastro-duodenoscopy). It is emphasized the importance of repeated biopsies in case of negative ones, as it occurs in this patient, in which an endoscopic "polypectomy" from the recto-sigmoid area, provided enough material to the pathologist, for the diagnosis, after several "non-diagnostic" biopsies taken previously. Finally the therapy for this entity is updated, with special reference to quemotherapy and a list of drugs combination is given.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Perfume allergy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

A randomized, controlled clinical trial of four anti-dandruff shampoos.

A total of 199 patients were selected for a comparison of the anti-dandruff efficacy of four shampoos. After a 2-week lead in (all patients used only Johnson's Baby Shampoo twice weekly) the patients were randomly assigned to Selsun Blue, Head & Shoulders, Flex, or Tegrin. The test preparation, which was unknown to the observer, was used twice weekly for 4 weeks. Loose and adherent dandruff were each rated on a scale of 0 to 20 (absent to severe) at the end of the lead-in (when a total score of 15 was required), and each week of study. The mean total pre-study score for all subjects was 19.5. At the end of the study the mean improvement scores were: 16.2 (Selsun Blue), 14.6 (head & Shoulders), 13.5 (Flex), and 13.1 (Tegrin). The improvement was significantly greater (p less than 0.05) on Selsun Blue than on any of the other shampoo. At the end of the study significantly (p less than 0.05) more patients had total scores of zero on Selsun Blue (15) than on Tegrin or Head & Shoulders. In addition, the rate of improvement was significantly (p less than 0.05) faster with Selsun Blue than with any of the other test preparations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Clinical evaluation of a new erythromycin solution for acne vulgaris.

The effects of a 1.5 percent solution of erythromycin, especially formulated for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris, were compared with those of its vehicle in a twelve week, double-blind study involving twenty-six patients. A statistically significant difference between the responses to the two treatments was seen in both lesion counts and overall evaluations. The final reductions in the mean number of papules and pustules in the erythromycin group were 70.8 and 77.6 percent of the initial values, respectively, and the overall evaluations of this group showed that 91.7 percent of the patients had achieved good or excellent results. A group of fourteen patients continued therapy with the erythromycin solution for an additional nine months. Effective control of their acne was maintained, and no serious side effects were observed.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1979

Hemodialysis in the treatment of psoriasis. A controlled trial.

We have treated seven patients with severe psoriasis with sham or true hemodialysis. Three patients received one 24-h course of true hemodialysis over 4 d followed by an identical 24-h course 4 weeks later. Four patients received one 24-h course of sham diaglysis over 4 d followed by a 24-h course of true dialysis 4 weeks later. Significant subjective improvement was noted by both groups after the first series of treatments but not after the second. No objective improvement in skin disease was found at any time. We were unable to confirm the many uncontrolled reports on the efficacy of dialysis in ameliorating severe psoriasis. Neither the heparin used for anticoagulation, the acetate present in the dialysis bath, nor the removal of a "psoriatic factor" seemed to affect the skin disease in these patients.

Acetates↗
PubMed1978

Chronic nonspecific duodenitis (bulbitis).

"Bulbitis" was classified by fiberoptic endoscopy in: superficial, erosive and pseudopolypoid. Endoscopic diagnosis of "bulbitis" is reliable, as good agreement was obtained in 100 cases tabulated according to histological grading. Erosive "bulbitis" implies a severe histopathological compromise.

Duodenal Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Pathogenesis of isoproterenol-induced myocardial lesions: its reation to human 'coagulative myocytolysis'.

Animals develop 'infarct-like' lesions when injected with isoproterenol (ISP), a potent synthetic catecholamine. These lesions are morphologically similar to those of 'coagulative myocytolysis' (COAM) or myofibrillar degeneration, one of the findings described in acute myocardial infarction and sudden death in man. Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups: some were injected with 10 mg/kg ISP i.p. plus 5 muCi of tritiated ISP, while others served as control. Animals were sacrified at 5 and 30 min and 24 and 72 h. The ISP-induced lesions were studied by means of light microscopy, histochemistry, autoradiography and electron microscopy. Myofibrillar degeneration, positive tests for ischemia, increase of succinic dehydrogenase enzymes, hypercontraction and widening of Z bands of sarcomers were correlated with the rapid distribution of ISP. These lesions were minimized by prenylamine, a drug which inhibits catecholamine effects by slowing down Ca transport. It is concluded that myocardial necrosis induced by ISP is probably due to a primary act on the sarcolemmal membrane, followed by stimulation of adenylate cyclase, activation of Ca and Na channels, exaggreated Ca inflow, excess of excitation-contraction coupling mechanism, energy consumption and cellular death. The close resemblance of human COAM to ISP-induced lesions suggests that similar mechanisms may be involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Autonomic neuropathy and painless myocardial infarction in diabetic patients. Histologic evidence of their relationship.

Myocardial infarction is considered the prime cause of death among adult diabetic patients. In a great number of cases, during myocardial infarction the patients don't feel pain or it is atypical. Diagnosis can be neglected, and mortality increases. In search of an explanation for the absence of pain in these patients, the authors studied the autonomic nerve fibers of the heart muscle with argentic and combined techniques, looking for lesions in the sympathetic or parasympathetic nerve fibers that conduct pain. In the five cases of painless myocardial infarction studied, the nerve fibers showed typical lesions of diabetic neuropathy: beaded thickenings, spindle-shaped thickenings, fragmentation of fibers, and diminution of the number of fibers in the nerves. The patients in the control group (five diabetics with painful infarction, five diabetics with infarction, five nondiabetics with painful infarction, and five nondiabetics without infarction) had no lesions. These facts led us to assume that the absence of pain in diabetics with myocardial infarction could be due to a lesion of the afferent nerves that conduct pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Localization by autoradiography of tritiated isoproterenol in "infarct-like" lesions of rat myocardium.

A number of physiopathogenic mechanisms have been outlined to explain the "infarct-like" lesions produced by isoproterenol (ISP) in the hearts of various animals: Excess of oxygen consumption and inotropic effect, coronary vasoconstriction, deleterious action on glucose and lipid metabolism, direct cardiotoxic effect, platelet aggregation in the small cardiac vessels and formation of microclots, excessive mobilization of fatty acids, fluid and electrolytic imbalances, loss of high-energy intracellular coupling, and inadequate activation of the "calcium pump." For this reason, localization of the tritiated ISP in the normal myocardial fibers and in the induced lesions was studied. The first control group (G-1), consisted of 40 Wistar rats, weighing from 180 to 200 grams; they were injected intraperitoneally with ISP sulfate (10 mg. per kilogram) and were killed under ether anesthesia after periods of 5, 30, and 120 minutes, and 12 and 24 hours. A similar group (G-2) was injected intraperitoneally with an equal dose of ISP plus 5 muCi of tritiated ISP sulfate (3H). In this group animals were killed at the same periods as above. In rats treated with ISP-3H an abundant amount of the labeled drug was observed on the sarcolemma surface and a smaller quantity was noted inside the myocardial fibers. This observation was noted in the autoradiographs obtained 5 minutes after the injection and persisted in all subsequent observation times. In those animals which were killed 5 and 30 minutes after injection, the deposit was noted in "grooves" along the edge of the sarcolemma, strongly suggesting a primary action on the cellular membrane. These findings and the peculiar topography suggest that (1) myocardial necrosis induced by ISP is probably due to an increased activation of the "calcium pump"; the early presence of contracture bands and the positivity of the ischemia test further emphasize this statement; (2) the ISP effect is rapid; (3) the morphologic alterations are similar to those recently described as "coagulation myocytolysis" and present in human infarctions or following sudden death.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Prenylamine inhibition of isoproterenol induced myocardial lesions. Histochemical and ultrastructural findings.

Eighty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. All of them received 10 mg/kg i.p. isoproterenol (ISP). The animals were sacrificed at 5 min. (groups A and B) and 24 hours (groups C and D). Groups A and C served as control of group B and D. Group B also received 9 mg/kg prenylamine (P), 30 min before ISP and group D 9 mg/kg P, 1 hour before and 1 hour after ISP. Transversal slices of each heart underwent the following procedures: hematoxilineosin, Barbeito-Lopez trichromic, "ischemia stain", acid phosphatase stain and standard electron microscopy. Group A and C showed positivity for ischemic techniques; necrotic and ischemic zones represented, in average 25.1 +/- 1.4% of the myocardial volume. Group B and D (ISP + prenylamine) showed no significant lesions. Group D (ISP + prenylamine, sacrificed at 24 hours) presented complete absence of "infarct-like" lesions in 17 out of the 20 studied animals. No evident changes in acid-phosphatase enzymes were detected. Animals treated with ISP alone presented "contraction bands" at electron microscopy as well as myofibrillar fragmentation. Those receiving also P showed only light alterations, in the electron microscopy specimens. A primary action of ISP on the calcium pump might explain the infarct-like lesions found in our study. The inhibition of these above mentioned lesions by prenylamine, a drug which acts by slowing down the ca transport, also supports this interpretation.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

The aging skin.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Age Factors↗